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First Professional Examination. Candidates are requiredto satisfy the examiners in the several subjects of the

following examinations : A preliminary examination in

Arts; a preliminary examination in Science; the First’Professional Examination ; and the Final Examination.The classes in the Department of Dentistry will begin onOct. lst. The instruction in the Preliminary subjects ofChemistry, Physics, and Biology will be given at the Uni.versity in College-road. The classes in the other subjectsand the systematic courses in Dental subjects will be heldin the School of Medicine of the University in Thoresby-place. The systematic instruction in the School of Dentistrywill be given by the following:-Anatomy: Professor J. K.Jamieson. Physiology : Professor de B. Birch. Pathology :Professor A. S. Gruabaum. Medicine: Professor T. W.Griffith. Surgery : Professor R. L. Knaggs. Dental Surgery:Mr: A. G. G. Plumley. Operative Dental Surgery: Mr.S. D. Hey. Dental Anatomy and Physiology : Mr. A.Alan Forty. Dental Mechanics: Mr. C. Rippon. DentalMetallurgy: Mr. W. Lowson. Dental Materia Medica : Mr.J. H. Gough. The clinical instruction will be given in theDental Department of the Leeds Public Dispensary, which isrecognised, by the University and by the Royal College ofSurgeons. Applications for the prospectus should bemade to the Academic Sub-Dean of the Faculty ofMedicine.

un2vers-ety ot LiverpooG (.Liverpool .Uentae tlospataG anaSchool of Dental Surgery).-The University grants a

diploma in Dental Surgery (L.D.S.) and degrees in DentalSurgery (B.D.S. and AI.D.S.). The courses of systematicinstruction are given in the University buildings, fiveminutes’ walk from the Dental Hospital. The two insti-tutions are now closely associated and the manage-ment of the curriculum is in the hands of the Boardof Dental Studies. This school offers advantages tostudents which are not-excelled anywhere for their practicalnature. The Dental Hospital, covering a site of 672square yards, was opened in March, 1910, equipped in eachdepartment with every modern accessory. The ground floorcontains a large waiting-hall, examination room, extractionand anaesthetic rooms, with special waiting and recoveryrooms for each, staff room, and special room for nurses. A

large lecture hall with library and museum, prostheticroom adjoining a lofty and well-lighted laboratorydivided into special rooms to accommodate over 30pupils, and smaller laboratory for advanced students,plaster and smelting rooms, are situated on the firstfloor. The whole of the top floor (470 square yards) isdevoted to conservation work, and lighted entirely fromthe north, and contains 50 pump operating chairs, each

provided with water-flushed spittoons, brackets, and electriclight. Provision is also made for the use of electric motors.Portions are reserved for porcelain inlay work, orthodontia,and the use of the demonstrator. The students’ room, withcloak-room and lavatories, is placed in the mezzanine imme-diately below the conservation (filling) room, and provisionis made in the basement for cvcles. The whole of the

building is heated by hot-water pipes and radiators, andspecially ventilated and lighted throughout by electricity.The laboratory is in charge of a skilled dental mechanicunder the supervision of the Warden, and students are

able to undertake at the hospital the whole of their trainingin Mechanical Dentistry. The times of the lectures at the

University are arranged to meet the convenience of students,thus allowing the maximum time for attendance upon DentalHospital practice. The staff of the hospital includes 12honorary Dental Surgeons, a Demonstrator, six Anxsthetists,two House Surgeons, and a Curator. Fees : The compositionfees are as follows : Diploma course (L.D.S.): Compositionfee R58 10s., for diploma course of other licensing bodies£61 10s., payable in two equal instalments, the first on entry,the second 12 months later. Two years’ instruction inMechanical Dentistry (pupilage) and two years’ DentalHospital Practice (combined), £100. Degree course (B.D.S.) :.667 10s. for all lectures (including Chemistry, Physics, and

Zoology) in three instalments. Two years’ dental hospital,E21 ; general hospital practice, LIO 10s.; ; three years’mechanical instruction (pupilage), £105. Further in-formation may be had from the Warden, Mr. W. H.Gilmour.

University of Manchester.-In the University of Man-chester the Dental Department forms an integral part of theFaculty of Medicine. This contains a series of laboratories,lecture rooms, and museums which will bear comparisonwith those of any other school in the kingdom, and the fullest

opportunities for study are offered to students preparing forany of the professional examinations. Instruction adaptedto the requirements of students preparing for the B.D.S.Degree and the Dental Diplomas of the University, the RoyalCollege of Surgeons of England, and of other licensingbodies is given during the Winter and Summer Sessions bothat the University and at the Dental Hospital of Manchesterin Oxford-street. The required general hospital practice istaken at the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Women studentsare admitted to the classes in the Dental Department, and forthem a separate laboratory for Practical Anatomy andcommon rooms are provided. The composition fee forcandidates for the University degree of Bachelor ofDental Surgery is 60 guineas, payable in two equalinstalments at the beginning of the first and third

years of studentship. The composition fee for candidatesfor the University Diploma in Dentistry is 55 guineas,payable in two equal instalments at the beginning ofthe first and third years of studentship. The composi-tion fee for candidates for the L.D.S. of England is 60guineas, payable in two equal instalments at the beginningof the first and third years of studentship. Students whohave already served their apprenticeship with a privatepractitioner, and who propose to complete the final portion oftheir attendance at the University and at an approved dentalhospital, will be required to pay the composition fee in twoequal instalments at the commencement of the first andsecond years of studentship. The payment of any of theabove composition fees will entitle the student to attend allthe classes in the following list which are required for theirrespective examinations. The composition fee does notinclude the hospital fees, the examination fees, the fee forthe conferment of the degree or the diploma, the registrationfee, nor the fees for chemicals and chemical apparatus(m is.).National University of Ireland.-This University grants

the degrees of Bachelor of Dental Surgery and a degreeof Master of Dental Surgery. A student may not beadmitted to the Degree of Bachelor of Dental Surgeryunless a period of not less than four years shall have elapsedfrom the date of his matriculation, during which period hemust have pursued an approved course of study of not lessthan nine terms. For the degree of Bachelor of DentalSurgery candidates must pass four examinations, the firsttwo being the same as those for the first and secondexamination in Medicine. The subjects of the third examina-tion are Dental and Practical Pathology, Dental Surgery,and Dental Medicine, the subjects of the fourth beingDental Surgery and Pathology, Dental Mechanics, OperativeDentistry, Orthodontia, and Dental Materia Medica. Acandidate for the degree of B.D.S. must produce evidenceof apprenticeship to a registered dentist for a period of twoyears. A portion of or the entire period may be servedbefore commencing study for the degree of B.D.S., but noportion so taken prior to commencement of study shallcount as part of the four years of Dental Study. The degreeof Master of Dental Surgery will not be granted until threeyears after the B.D.S. has been obtained.

TEACHING INSTITUTIONS IN DENTISTRY.

See also under Universities of Birmingham, Leeds, Liver-pool, and Manchester above.

LONDON.

Royal Dental Hospital of London, School of -Dental82trgery, Leieester-sq?tare.-A school of the University ofLondon.-The school provides the special dental edu-cation required by the Royal College of Surgeons forthe Licence in Dental Surgery. The general part of thecurriculum may be taken at any general hospital. The

hospital is open from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M., there beingone staff for the morning and another for the after-noon of each day. Pupils are received for the trainingin dental mechanics recognised by the curriculum. Thedemonstrators at the commencement of each sessiongive a course of lectures on Operative Dental Surgery.The five house surgeoncies are held for six monthseach and are open to all qualified students. The lecturers,in addition to their lectures, give special demonstrationson the Microscopy of Dental Anatomy and DentalSurgery. The lecturer on Dental Mechanics also givespractical demonstrations in the laboratory. There are

two Entrance Scholarships in Chemistry and Physics ofthe value of E50 and £25 respectively. One Entrance

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Scholarship in Dental Mechanics and Metallurgy value£25, open to pupils of the Hospital only. One Entrance

Scholarship of 925 in Dental Mechanics, open to pupilsof private practitioners. The Saunders Scholarship off,20 awarded to second year students. The Storer BennettResearch Scholarship for Scientific Research in any branchof Dental Surgery, value £50, is awarded triennially. TheAlfred Woodhouse Scholarship of 935 and the RobertWoodhouse Prize of 910 for Practical Dental Surgery.Prizes and certificates are awarded by the lecturers forthe best examinations in the subjects of their respectivecourses, at the end of the summer and winter sessions.Consulting Physician: Sir Richard Douglas Powell, Bart.Consulting Surgeon : Sir Frederick Treves, Bart. ConsultingDental Surgeons: Mr. Morton Smale and Mr. C. S. Tomes,F.R.S. Dental Surgeons : Mr. J. F. Colyer, Mr. W. H. Dola-more, Mr. J. G. Turner, Mr. N. G. Bennett, Mr. D. P. Gabell,Mr. A. Hopewell-Smith, and Mr. H. Austen. Assistant DentalSurgeons : Mr. R. McKay, Mr. W. W. James, Mr. F. Cole-man, and Mr. Landon Whitehouse. Anæthetists : Dr. DudleyBuxton, Dr. R. J. Probyn-Williams, and Mr. H. Hilliard.Demonstrators: Mr. A. T. Pitts, Mr. H. Stobie, Mr.R. M. Fickling, Mr. W. D. Southern, Mr. J. F. Gow, andMr. G. J. Harborow. Lecturers :-Dental Anatomy andPhysiology (Human and Comparative): Mr. A. Hopewell-Smith. Dental Surgery and Pathology : Mr. J. G. Turner.Operative Dental Surgery : Mr. W. H. Dolamore. Dental IMechanics : Mr. D. P. Gabell. Metallurgy in its applica- ’,,tion to Dental Purposes: Mr. P. A. Ellis Richards. DentalBacteriology : Dr. W. J. Penfold. Dental MateriaMedica: Mr. F. Coleman. Chemistry : Mr. P. A. EllisRichards. Physics : Mr. John A. Carpenter. Anaesthetics :Dr. Dudley Buxton. During the sessions the surgeons ofthe day will give demonstrations at stated hours. Thehouse surgeons attend daily while the hospital is open. Feefor two years’ hospital practice required by the curriculum,including lectures, f.53 3s. in one payment, or f.55 13s. intwo yearly instalments. The curriculum requires two yearsto be passed at a General Hospital ; the fee for this isabout £60. Both hospitals can be attended simultaneously.For the lectures in Chemistry and Physics for the Pre-liminary Science Examination £10 10s. The fee for theinstruction in Dental Mechanics and the two years’ hospitalpractice required by the curriculum is £150 if paid in oneinstalment, or 150 guineas if paid in three equal instal.ments. The fee for tuition in Dental Mechanics is50 guineas per annum ; for one year’s hospital practice£21. The Dean attends at the hospital every Thursdaymorning from 9.45 to 11 o’clock, or he can be seen

at other times by appointment. Letters to be addressed-The Dean, 32, Leicester-square. The Winter Session openson Oct. lst.

National Dental Hospital and CoZZege.-Corner ofGreat Portland and Devonshire-streets, W.-ConsultingSurgeon : Sir Victor Horsley. Consulting Dental Surgeon :Mr. Sidney Spokes. Dental Surgeons: Mr. K. W. Goadby,Mr. H. R. Pring, Mr. A. E. Relph, Mr. H. Creemer Cooper,Mr. H. W. Turner, Mr. F. St. J. Steadman, and Mr. F. R.Smyth. Assistant Dental Surgeons : Mr. Arthur E. Ironsideand Mr. F. E. Sprawson. Anaesthetists: Mr. H. P. Noble,Mr. C. J. Ogle, Mr. Vivian B. Orr, Dr. J. Maughan,Mr. P. H. Parsons, and Mr. R. E. Delbruck. Lecturers :-Dental Anatomy and Physiology : Dr. J. W. Pare, Tuesdaysand Thursdays, 5 P.M., in October, November, and December.Dental Metallurgy : Tuesdays, 5 P.M., in January, February;and March, and May, June, and July. Dental Mechanics:Mr. S. Holloway Olver, Wednesdays, 5.30 P.M., in May,June, and July, and October, November, and December.Operative Dental Surgery : Mr. A. E. Relph, Thursdaysin January, February, and March. Dental MateriaMedica: Mr. F. R. Smyth, Tuesdays, 6 P.M., October,November, and December. Dental Surgery and Patho-logy : Mr. H. J. Relph, Thursdays, 5 P.M., duringJanuary, February, and March. Bacteriology of the Mouth :Mr. K. W. Goadby, Tuesdays, 4 P.M., during May,June, and July. Practical courses to comply with theR.C.S. curriculum are also held: The hospital is lightedthroughout by electricity and warmed and ventilatedby approved methods. Clinical Lectures and Demonstra-tions are given from time to time, and each studenton entering passes through a preliminary course under ademonstrator. The stopping rooms have accommodationfor 50 chairs. Dresserships in the extraction and stop-ping rooms are re-arranged every three months. Two

Entrance Exhibitions, of the value of Z40 and .E20,,are open for competition. Prizes are open .for competitionat the end of each course of lectures. Certificates of honourare also open in each class. The Rymer Medal for GeneralProficiency, value R5, is awarded annually to the mostmeritorious student; and the Ash Prize, value Z3 3s., fora Thesis on a subject in Dental Surgery. Total fee for theLectures and Hospital Practice required is £40. A composi-tion fee covering the two years’ mechanical pupilage and thetwo years’ dental hospital practice required by the RoyalCollege of Surgeons, £120. Single Courses : Dental Anatomyand Physiology, Dental Surgery and Pathology, DentalMechanics, Dental Metallurgy, Bacteriology of the Mouth,Dental Materia Medica, Demonstration of Dental Mechanics,£ 5s. each. Hospital Practice to registered practitionersby special permission. of Committee, 12 months, Z15 15s.Information respecting the Hospital Practice and the Collegemay be obtained from the Dean, Mr. Sidney Spokes, whoattends at the Hospital, Great Portland-street, on Tuesdaymornings.

Guy’s Hospital.-The work of the Dental Departmentbegins daily at 9 A.M. both in the extraction rooms and inthe conservation room. The Extraction Rooms : A newDental Out-patient Department has been provided. Thereis ample accommodation for ordinary extractions and anms-thetic extractions, together with waiting- and retiring-rooms.Patients are admitted between 8.45 and 9.30 A.M., and areseen by the dental surgeon for the day, the dental housesurgeon, the assistant dental house surgeon, and the dressers.Such patients as are suitable for conservative treatmentare transferred to the conservation room, taking with thema chart to indicate the treatment required. TheConservation Room : This room is open from 9 A.M. till5 P.M. It has recently been entirely remodelled andand greatly enlarged, giving a floor space of over

6000 square feet. It affords accommodation for upwards of100 dental chairs, with the necessary equipment of themost modern type, for the use of the Dressers, who,under the supervision of the Staff, perform thevarious operations of Dental Surgery. The membersof the staff attend every morning and afternoon to givedemonstrations and otherwise assist students in their work.in the Conservation Room and Mechanical Laboratory. TheProbationers’ Laboratory is supervised by two of the staffdemonstrators, and instruction is given in operative dentistryon a " mannikin " to students during their first three months ofstudy. Pupils in Dental Mechanics are received, and a graded,systematic, and full course of instruction, extending overtwo years, is carried out. The control and supervision of thePupils’ Laboratory is in the hands of the following staff :The Demonstrator of Dental Mechanics, Two Staff Demon-strators of Prosthetic Dentistry, Two Skilled Mechanics andtheir Assistants. Dental students have the opportunity ofattending at this hospital the whole course of instructionrequired by the examining board for the L.D.S. Eng.-viz.,two years’ pupilage in dental mechanics, the special lecturesand practice of the Dental Department and the general lecturesand practice of the Medical School. The fees for these twocourses may be paid separately or together, or they may becombined with the fees required to be paid for the coursefor a medical diploma. Students who enter for a medical aswell as a dental diploma are allowed to pursue their studyof Dentistry during any period of their medical course

most convenient to themselves without further charge. FourEntrance Scholarships in Dental Mechanics of the value ofE20 each are offered for competition annually, two inSeptember and two in April, and prizes of the aggregatevalue of £47 are awarded for general proficiency and forskill in Practical Dentistry. A Dental Travelling Scholar-ship of the value of £100 is awarded every second year.Dental students are eligible for admission to the Resi-dential College and enjoy the privileges of students in theMedical School. Staff .-Consulting Dental Surgeons : Mr.F. Newland-Pedley and Mr. W. A. Maggs. Dental Surgeons :Mr. Wynne Rouw, Mr. H. L. Pillin, Mr. M. F. Hopson,and Mr. J. B. Parfitt. Assistant Dental Surgeons : Mr. J.Lewin Payne, Mr. E. B. Dowsett, Mr. F. J. Pearce, andMr. H. P. Aubrey. Demonstrators of Practical Dentistry:Mr. H. C. Malleson, Mr. F. N. Doubleday, Mr. W. A.Hodgson, Mr. W. S. Stranach, and Mr. E. A. Tomes.Demonstrator of Orthodontic Dentistry : Mr. F. BocquetBull. Demonstrators of Prosthetic Dentistry : Mr. W. H.Wotton and Mr. G. B. Pritchard. Anesthetists : Mr. C. J.Ogle, Dr. F. E. Shipway, Mr. H. M. Page, H. T. Depree,

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B.C., H. Gardiner, M.B., B.S., G. T. Mullally, M.B.,.;B.S. Lecturers :-Dental Anatomy and Physiology : Mr.-Hopson. Dental Surgery and Pathology: Mr. Wynne Rouw.-Operative Dental Surgery : Mr. Parfitt. Dental Mechanics :Mr. Payne. Practical Dental Mechanics : Mr. Pillin. DentalBacteriology : Dr. Eyre. Dental Microscopy : Mr. Dowsett.and Dr. Kennaway. Metallurgy: Dr. J. M. Lowry. Practical,Dental Metallurgy: Mr. Pearce. Resident Dental Officer :Mr. F. Bocquet Bull. Curator of Dental Museum : Mr.Dowsett. For Lecturers on the general subjects of Dentalcurriculum vide Guy’s Medical School. Dean : Dr. Cameron.

London Hospital.-This school is a part of the London Hos-pital and Medical College, and is fully equipped on the mostmodern lines and with the latest appliances. It provides a- complete curriculum in all subjects for the L.D.S. Diploma,.and is admirably adapted for the purpose of teaching. TheConservation Room is well lighted and ventilated and fitted’with pump chairs of the latest pattern ; the fountain spittoon- at every chair has been specially designed and has attachedto it a saliva ejector, hot and cold water, compressed air,sgas and electric current, also a swing bracket to carry thestudents’ cabinet. Electric sterilisers are supplied in each-department and motor engines where required. The School,possesses in addition to the Theatres, Laboratories andMuseums of the College, a special Museum of Dental.Anatomy and Surgery, Operative Dentistry, Prosthetic and’Extraction Rooms, and Laboratories for Practical Dental

.Metallurgy and Dental Prosthesis. A systematic course ofinstruction in Dental Prosthesis is arranged for pupils. The

up-to-date Laboratory contains every modern apparatus andis in charge of a skilled curator and his assistants. Con-,nected with the Medical College and Dental School are aLibrary, Athenasum, Clubs’ Union, Dining Hall withmoderate tariff, Students’ Hostel, and an Athletic Ground.,Lecturers :-Chemistry and Dental Metallurgy: HughCandy, B.A., B.Sc. Physics : A. H. Fison, D.Sc. Human

Anatomy: Professor William Wright, M.B., D.Sc., F.R.C.S.Physiology: Professor Leonard Hill, M.B., F.R.S. DentalSurgery and Pathology: F. M. Farmer. L.D.S. OperativeDental Surgery: George Northcroft, L.D.S., D.D.S.Mich. Dental Prosthesis : Wilton Thew, L.D.S. OperativeDental Prosthesis: G. Paton Pollitt, L.D.S., D.D.S. Penn.Odonto-phosopic Orthopaedics: Harold Chapman, L.D.S.,D.D.S. Penn. Dental Anatomy: Professor William Wright,M.B., D.S.C., F.R.C.S. Dental Microscopy : Evelyn Spraw-son, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., L.D.S. Dental Bacteriology:Professor William Bulloch, M.D., C.M., F.R.S. DentalMateria Medica: Otto Grunbaum, M.D., D.Sc., F.R.C.P.,and F. A. Hocking, B.Sc. Lond. Dental Anaesthetics : R. J.Probyn-Williams, M.D. For full particulars as to fees andcourse of study advised apply to the Dean (ProfessorWilliam Wright, M.B., D.Sc., F.R.C.S.), who will be gladto make arrangements for anyone wishing to see over theDental School and Medical College.

London (Ro?lal Free -Hospital) Sc3tooZofMedicinefor Women,-Full courses are arranged for women students for the studyof dentistry, and in preparation for the Licence in Dental."Surgery of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, at,the London (Royal Free Hospital) School of Medicine forWomen, and the National Dental Hospital, Great Portland-street, W. The course is arranged as follows: First and-second years : Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Dentistry.Third, fourth, and fifth years : Anatomy, Physiology, andSpecial Dental Courses, Courses in Medicine and Surgery,"General Hospital Course, Dental Hospital Course. Thecombined fees at the London School of Medicine for Womenand the National Dental Hospital are .E180 if paid in onesum on beginning the course, or E191 if paid in three annualinstalments. Bursary: The Council of the School will awardannually (until further notice) an " Agnes Guthrie " Bursaryof the value of E60 to a student fulfilling the required con-ditions, who enters for the full dental course. The first.award will be made at the end of September, 1913, for thecourse beginning in October, 1913. Candidates for theBursary are required to send in applications on or beforeSept. 15th, 1913, to the secretary and warden, from whoma prospectus of the School and all particulars can beobtained.

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PROVINCIAL.

Birmingham Dental Flospital.-The Dental Hospital wasfounded in 1858, and was recognised by the Royal College of,Surgeons in 1880 for the teaching of Dental Students.

Having an annual attendance of about 16,000 patients, itaffords every advantage for students about to enter the pro-fession to acquire a thorough practical knowledge, as

required by the Medical Council. The present Hospital wasopened on July 6th, 1905 It has accommodation for 50students. The equipment is in accordance with the mostmodern requirements for the efficient teaching and practiceof Dental Surgery. The operations performed annuallyaverage nearly 35,000, including 5000 gold and other iillings,and many cases of crowns, bridges, porcelain inlays, andregulations. By arrangements with the Birmingham Uni-versity and with the General and Queen’s Hospitals theentire course of Lectures, Hospital Practice, &c., may becompleted for an inclusive fee of £96 15s., or in.

cluding Mechanical Pupilage, f.186. The instrumentsand materials necessary for Hospital Practice cost about£28. The Composition Fee for the courses required forthe L.D.S. of the University, or any of the Corpora-tions alone, is £60, payable in two annual instalmentsat the commencement of the first and second years ; thatfor the courses required for the L.D.S. and the Degree inDentistry of the University is .E75 ; that for the L.D.S. incombination with the M.R.C.S. and L R.C.P. is .E85; andthat for the M B., Ch B., and B.D.S. is £95. All of thesecomposition fees are payable in two annual instalments atthe commencement of the first and second years. Each ofthese fees covers the cost of the courses given at the Uni-versity for the qualifications indicated, but does not includefees for Hospital teaching. For two years’ dental hospitalpractice the fee is 20 guineas, payable in two instalments of10 guineas each at the commencement of the first and second(hospital) years respectively. For two years’ mechanicalpupilage, 85 guineas, which may be paid in two annual instal-ments of 50 and 35 guineas respectively ; mechanical pupilsmay join for a probationary period of one month, fee 5 guineas,which is deducted upon payment of the full amount. Forgeneral surgical hospital practice, lectures, and demonstra-tions : Surgery, two winters, .610 10s: One Entrance Scholar-ship is offered annually of the value of .637 10s. It is

awarded to the student who, entering for the Denial Degreeof the Univeisity in October, or having entered not earlierthan the previous April, shall pass the best examination inthe subjects studied during his apprenticeship. Candidatesmust be under the age of 21 years. Application foradmission, together with a certificate of birth, must be sentto the Dean of the Medical Faculty on or before Oct. 15th.Staff :-Dean : Mr. W. Thompson Madin. ConsultingPhysician : Sir Robert Simon. Consulting Dental Surgeon:Mr. Frank E Huxley. Dental Surgeons: Mr. F. W.Richards, Mr. F. H. Goffe, Mr. A. E. Donagan, Mr. J.Mountford, Mr. W. T. Madin, Mr. J. E Parrott, Mr. W. M.Knott, and Mr. G. F. Cale-Matthews, Assistant DentalSurgeons : Mr. A. H. Parrott, Mr. C. H. Howkins, Mr. S. H.Roe, Mr. A W. Wellings, Mr. W. Bowater, and Mr. HaroldRound. Orthodontics Officer : Mr. G. F. Cale-Matthews.Anaesthetists: Dr. S. W. Haynes, Dr W. J. McCardie, Mr.R. H. Rollinson Whitaker, Dr. R. W. Taylor Haddow, Mr. L.Kirkby Thomas, Mr. H. Ewan Waller, and Mr. G. W. Craig.Demonstrators: Dr. Humphrey F. Humphreys, Mr. N. A.Austin, and Dr. R. A. Broderick. Stipendiary DentalSurgeon: Mr. C. W. Randall. House Surgeon: Mr. A.Bernstein. Prosthetic Department : Mr. W. M. Knott andMr. S. H. Roe. Demonstrator in Orthodontics : (vacant).

Leeds Public Dispensary.-The Dental Department of the,Leeds Public Dispensary is fully equipped to provide dentaltreatment for the necessitous poor, and training for DentalStudents, and affords every opportunity for the student toprepare for any of the Dental Degrees or Diplomas. Thedepartment contains a suite of large, well-lighted rooms, inwhich every modern appliance has been called into requisi-tion in its equipment. The Demonstrator of OperativeDental Surgery instructs students during their probationarycourse. At the completion of this training students havepatients allotted to them by the Demonstrator, and haveevery opportunity of acquiring knowledge from the membersof the Staff, two of whom are in attendance each day. The

following prizes are awarded :-First year Students,, value2 guineas. The examination is partly written, practicaland oral-the practical part involving the treatment of teethby filling and extraction. Operative Dental Surgery Prize,value 5 guineas. The examination includes the treatment ofa mouth by crowns, inlays, and fillings. Two prizes inProsthetic Dentistry: (a) a prize, value 2 guineas, for firstyear pupils ; (b) a prize, value 5 guineas, open for competition

701

to both Students and second year pupils. A prize, value2 guineas, is offered to first and second years’ Students forproficiency in the extraction of teeth. A prize in Ortho-dontics, value 5 guineas, is open to all students. DentalStaff :-Consulting Dental Surgeon : Mr. Frederick Sherburn.Dental Surgeons: Mr. Percival T. Leigh, Mr. Walter

Marston, Mr. A. G. G. Plumley, Mr. Stephen D. Hey,Mr. David Saville, and Mr. J. Newsome Taylor. AssistantDental Surgeons : Mr. James W. Mawer, Mr. Geoffrey A.Phillips, Mr. J. Vollans Lambert, Mr. H. Alvin Mahoney,Mr. Harold R. Bentley, and Mr. Sidney H. Hole. Anæs-thetists : Dr. F. Whalley and Mr. E. Wrigley Braithwaite.Demonstrator and Tutor : Mr. W. Sinton Thorburn. Curatorof Dental Museum: Dr. A. G. G. Plumley. House Surgeon :Mr. Sidney H. Hole. Instructor of Dental Mechanics : Mr.C. E. Foster. Assistant Instructor: Mr. T. G. Green.Dental Hospital of Manchester.-This Hospital is in

association for teaching purposes with the University ofManchester and the Royal Infirmary, and is in the centre ofa very large population. Courses of study are provided tomeet the requirements of the various examining bodies,including those of the University of Manchester for thequalifications L.D.S. and B.D.S., and the L.D.S. of the

Royal College of Surgeons of England. Clinical instructionis given by the members of the staff and by the housesurgeons and demonstrators, and also by the honoraryanesthetists in the administration of nitrous oxide gas, a

special class in anesthetics is conducted by the clinicaltutor in that subject. A class for instruction in porcelainand gold inlay work is conducted by the demonstrator

specially appointed for that work. A Travelling Scholar-ship, value £100, will be awarded from time to time, anda number of prizes are awarded annually. The fee forthe whole course of hospital instruction for the L.D.S.

(including two years’ mechanical training) is f.100, or if

paid in instalments, £105. For the two years’ OperativeCourse only, R21, or if paid in two instalments, 21 guineas.For the whole course of hospital instruction for the B.D.S.degree (including mechanical training), £130, or if paid ininstalments, 130 guineas. Additional practice in DentalMechanics may be taken by pupils who have already receivedtheir mechanical training elsewhere, at a fee of f.20 for sixmonths. Women students are admitted to the practice of thehospital. Staff : Consulting Dental Surgeons : Mr. I. Renshaw,Mr. Thomas Tanner, and Alr. W. Dykes. Dental Surgeons :Mr. G. G, Campion, Mr. J. W. Dunkerley, Mr. J. W.Gibbons, Mr. W. A. Hooton, Mr. D. Headridge, Mr. P. A.Linnell, Mr. J. Hilditch Mathews, Mr. H. W. Norman, Mr.C. H. Preston, Mr. T. E. Sherratt, Mr. William Simms, Mr.J. Stephenson, and Mr. G. 0. Whittaker. Assistant Dental

Surgeons : Mr. S. S. Doran, Mr. T. Dykes, Mr. R. Howard,Mr. J. Theakston, Mr. Felix Rawsthorne, and Mr. H. Simms.Anaesthetists : Mr. A. Wilson, Mr. W. B. Pritchard, Mr. S. R.Wilson, and Mr. E. Moir. Prosthetic Dental Surgeons :Mr. Wm. Simms and Mr. J. Stephenson. Clinical Tutor inAnaesthetics : Mr. S. R. Wilson. Demonstrators in Opera-tive Dental Surgery : Mr. A. J. Jones and Mr. A. C. W.Hutchinson. Demonstrator in Orthodontia : Mr. E. A. T.Green. Demonstrator in Dental Prosthetics : Mr. F. B.Preston. Instructor in Dental Mechanics : Mr. H. W. Fillan.Assistant Instructor : Mr. S. H. Manihon. Tutor : Dr. C. H.Preston. Curator of Museum : Dr. C. H. Preston. Copiesof the Prospectus will be forwarded on application to Mr.J. Hilditch Mathews, Dean.

Nemcaitle-g,tpon- Tyne Dental Hospital and School.-ThisHospital is centrally situated (within five minutes of thevarious colleges, infirmary, and railway station) ; the roomsare well lighted and thoroughly equipped for carrying onthe work. Dental surgeons and an anaesthetist attend eachmorning and give demonstrations on the various methods oftreatment, &c. A tutorial dental surgeon is also in attend-ance. The Composition Fee for the special Dental Lectures,Demonstrations, and Dental Hospital Practice is jM3 Is. ifpaid in one sum, or £44, if paid in two instalments of i&22.The Composition Fee for the Lectures at the Colleges ofMedicine and Science is 34 guineas ; in addition to this thereis a library and an athletic fee. Particulars of the fee for IGeneral Hospital Practice may be obtained from the SeniorHouse Physician, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Medals and Certificates of Merit are granted tostudents showirg certain standards of proficiency in thevarious classes at the Dental School. Lecturers :-DentalAnatomy and Physiology : Mr. E. Y. Richardson. DentalSurgery and Pathology : Mr. J. Coltman. Operative Dental

Surgery: Mr. T. R. D. Walkinshaw. Dental Histology:Mr. C. L. Routledge. Dental Mechanics: Mr. J. W. Daniels.Dental Materia Medica: Mr. J. Bolam. Dental Metallurgy ,Mr. C. Lotinga. Orthodontia: Dr. L. M. Markham. DentalAnaesthetics : Dr. W. E. Alderson. The prospectus of theDental Hospital and School, containing full information, maybe obtained from either Mr. J. T. Jameson, 12, Windsor-crescent, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Dean, or Mr. JamesColtman, 13, Ellison-place, Newcastle-upon Tyne, Vice-Dean.

University of SheffieZd.- Specially and beautifully fittedrooms have been provided for the Dental Lectures in themedical block. Dental students are able to take full

advantage of the teaching of the various departments of theUniversity concerned in their special teaching. A course ofPractical Demonstrations in Dental Histology and Pathologyhas been added. Composition Fee for the Lectures, f.30.The Dental School forms part of the University of Sheffield.Professors and Lecturers :-Dental Metallurgy : Mr. F. K.Knowles and Mr. F. Ibbotson. Dental Mechanics: Mr.H. James Morris. Dental Anatomy and Physiology : Mr..W. J. Law. Dental Surgery and Pathology : Mr. F. G.Mordaunt. Dental Histology : Mr. W. J. Law. Dental

Bacteriology: Professor H. R. Dean and Dr. H. G. M.Henry. Dental Materia Medica : Mr. P. S. Stokes.

8h,-ffleld Royal HOilpital.-The Dental Hospital form-ing part of the General Hospital is a great advantage tostudents in many ways, and affords the student unusualfacilities for acquiring proficiency in his work. The depart-ment has a fully equipped Mechanical Laboratory, with anInstructor in daily attendance, where pupils receive the two-years’ instruction in Mechanical Dentistry required by thecurriculum. Two additional Dental Anaesthetists have been

appointed, and the whole department has been reorganisedand fitted with electric motors, &c. Fee for Dental Hospitalpractice, .621. Honorary Dental Surgeons: Mr. F. G.Mordaunt, Mr. D. Dathl Davies, Mr. H. James Morris, Mr.Percy S. Stokes, and Mr. W. J. Law. Honorary AssistantDental Surgeons: Mr. H. J. Stoner, Mr. R. C. Webster, Mr.J. H. Skerritt, Mr. W. Skerritt, and Mr. F. W. Goodwin.Further particulars with regard to the Dental, Medical, andSurgical studies may be obtained from the Calendar of theUniversity, or from the Dean of the Medical Faculty, orfrom W. J. Law, Hon. Secretary to the Committee ofClinical (Dental) Studies.Devon and Exeter Dental Hospital, 24, Soqtthernhay, West,

Exeter.-Established 1880.-The hospital is open daily(Sundays excepted) and patients are admitted between thehours of 9 and 11 A.M. Students attending the practice ofthe hospital must consider themselves strictly under thecontrol of the medical officers and must not undertake anyoperation without the consent of the dental surgeon for theday. Hon. treasurer, Mr. J. M. Ackland; secretary, Mr.W. Alfred Hooker.

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SCOTLAND.

The Ineorporated Edinb’//;rgh Dental Hospital and So7iooZ.-The Edinburgh Dental Hospital and School is located ina spacious and well-equipped building at 31, Chambers-street and offers special advantages to dental students.The General Courses required for the Dental Diplomamay be taken in the Medical School of the RoyalColleges of Physicians and Surgeons or in the Universityschools. The hospital attendance and clinical instructionare taken at the Royal Infirmary. The University, MedicalSchools, and Royal Infirmary are within three minutes’walk of the Dental Hospital. The special courses are takenin the hospital. The Dental Hospital practice, extendingover two years, affords a student ample opportunity fora full acquaintance with every branch of dentistry. The

hospital admits a limited number of indentured pupils. Theyreceive their instruction in Mechanical Dentistry concurrentlywith the general and special courses. A premium of 60guineas is payable with each such pupil. The practice andlectures of the hospital are recognised by, and qualify for,all the Licensing Boards. For the special classes, boththeoretical and practical, required by dental students thedirectors have the services of an efficient staff of dentalofficers and lecturers. There is a course of demonstrationsin Mechanical Dentistry. Students receive instructionin Practical Dental Mechanics under the mechanician.The cost of the hospital outfit of instruments isincluded in the Dental Hospital fee of £31 10s. The

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UL Uilr, wLlVlC

of dental instruction amounts to S90 7s. Those studentswho desire to take a Medical and Surgical Diplomain addition to the L.D.S. have in this school admirablefacilities for so doing. The triple qualification of theRoyal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Edinburghand the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgowis recommended. The minimum cost of Professional Educa-tion, the Triple Qualification, and the Licence in Dental

Surgery amounts to £169 7s. The mechanical depart-ment is large and airy and furnished with all moderntools and appliances. The Museum is open to students forstudy. Further particulars can be obtained from the Dean.Mr. W. Guy.Incorporated Glasgow -Dental Hospital and School,

158, Renfreqv-street and 15, Dalhousie-street, Garnethill,Qlasgoyv.-The winter session will begin in October andthe lectures will be delivered as follows. In DentalMechanics on Tuesday and Thursday at 7 P.M., by Dr. HughMcKay, and in Dental Metallurgy on Monday and Wednesdayat 7, by Mr. W. Bruce Hepburn, L.D.S. Fee for each ofthe above courses of lectures, £ 3s. Lectures will alsobe delivered on the following subjects: Dental Surgeryand Pathology, by Mr. J. Mason Noble ; Dental

Anatomy and Physiology, by Dr. W. Wallace; Dental

Bacteriology, by Mr. J. F. Webster; Anaesthetics, byDr. R. Home Henderson; Operative Technique, by Mr.Adam Cubie. The lectures and instruction at the

Glasgow Dental Hospital and School are recognised byall the licensing bodies in the United Kingdom. Thefees for two years’ hospital practice are f.15 15s. In-

tending students before commencing to attend the lecturesor hospital practice must produce evidence of havingpassed the preliminary examination prescribed by the

regulations of the General Medical Council for registrationof dental students. The hospital is opened daily from5 to 7 P.M. (Saturdays excepted). Students may only enrolduring the months of April or October. Summer sessionbegins in April. Winter session begins in October.

Glasgow Royal Infirmary (Dental Department).-Mr.W. Taylor attends at the Royal Infirmary at 3.30 P.M.

on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and gives a

course of instruction in Dental Surgery on these days.The following course in the curriculum can be taken atSt. Mungo’s College : Anatomy, six months ; PracticalAnatomy, nine months ; Physiology, six months ; Chemistry,six months ; Practical Chemistry with Metallurgy, threemonths ; Surgery, six months; Medicine, six months; MateriaMedica. three months; Clinical Surgery, six months ; DentalSurgery, six months, and attendance for two years on thedental department of the hospital. The attendance on theDental Clinic is free to students of the hospital.

IRELAND.

Incorporated JJental Hospital of lrelznd, Linco7n-plaee,Dublin.-The Dental School connected with this Hospitalhas been in existence since the year 1882. There is ampleaccommodation for pupils (26 benches) in the ProstheticLaboratory, under the charge of the chief of the departmentand a mechanical tutor. Students are assisted in theirDental Hospital Practice by special instructors, the housesurgeons, and members of the honorary visiting staif. TheDental Lectures necessary for the L. D. S. diploma are given inthe hospital. There is a special course of Practical Anaes-thetics. The hospital year begins on the first Monday inOctober, which is the best time for students to enter.Fees.-Dental Hospital Practice (each year), £12 12s.

Dental Lectures (each year), 16 6s. Composition fee (forboth) (each year), S15 15s. *Six months Dental HospitalPractice, q5 5 5s. *Three months Dental Hospital Practice,E3 3". In addition to these courses Registered Dentists, whoare members of the British Dental Association, will usuallybe permitted to take out a three months’ course for a fee of6 guineas. Laboratory for Dental Prosthesis.-Studentsmay take a course of tuition in Dental Prosthesis, which isaccepted by the various licensing bodies as equivalent toMechanical Pupilage with a Dentist. Each student pays afee of 9100 on joining the Laboratory for the usual term oftwo years, or E105 in two sums-viz., e60 on entrance andf.45 at the beginning of the second year. Registered Dental

* Courses marked thus are only for Surgeons intending to practise inthe Colonies or remote country districts, or in the Army or Navy; orfor Medical Students who have passed their half.

Students, who have completed pupilage elsewhere, on recom-mendation of the Committee of Management, are allowed totake out one year’s instruction in the Laboratory for a fee of.660.

Staff -Dentists : Dr. A. W. W. Baker, Dr. George WyclifYeates, Mr. George M. P. Murray, Mr. Shenstone J. Bishop,Dr. George P. Moore, Mr. G. J. Goldie, Mr. Murray F.Thomson, and Dr. W. G. T. Story. Assistant Dentists: Mr.J. Stanton, Mr. F. H. G. Pakenham, Mr. H. Winder, Mr. J.Cockburn, Mr. D. L. Rogers, Mr. Edward Sheridan, Mr.George Sheppard, Mr. E. T. Pasley, Mr. W. Matthews, Mr.J. Walker, and Mr. J. Smith. Extra Assistant Dentists:Mr. J. V. Byrne, Mr. J. E. Hogan, Mr. C. H. Hyland, Mr.J. I. Kelly, Mr. A. K. MacDonald, Mr. A. R. Mallett, Mr.L. J. Smyth, and Mr. F. C. Warren. Orthodontist: Dr.G P. Moore. Assistant Orthodontist: Mr. E. S. Friel,House Surgeon: Mr. A. A. Campbell. Assistant HouseSurgeon : Mr. W. P. Bole. Chief of Prosthetic Department:Mr. J. Cockburn. Prosthetic House Surgeon : Mr. H. F.Holmes. Instructors in Operative Dentistry: Mr. J. E,Hogan and Mr. Norman Stewart. Dean: Mr. GeorgeSheppard. Further particulars can be obtained from theDean, Mr. George Sheppard, F.R.C.S.I., L.D.S.Eng.

ANCILLARY SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS.IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,

London (including as integral parts the ROYAL COLLEGE OFSCIENCES, the ROYAL SCHOOL OF MINES, and the CITY ANDGUILDS (ENGINEERING) COLLEGE).-Mechanics and Mathe-matics : Professor A. R. Forsyth, F.R.S. ; Assistant Pro-fessors : A. R. Richardson, B Sc., and H. Klugh, B.A.Biology : Zoology, Professor E. W. MacBride, F.R.S. ;Entomology, H. Maxwell Lefroy, M.A., F.L.S. ; Plant Phy-siology and Pathology, Professor J. B. Farmer, M.A.,F.R.S. ; Botany, Professor V. H. Blackman, M.A., Sc.D.,F.R.S. ; Technology of Woods and Fibres, Professor PercyGroom, M.A., D.Sc. Chemistry : Professor H. BreretonBaker, F.R.S. ; Assistant Professors : M. 0. Forster,F.R.S., J. C. Philip, M.A., Ph.D., D.Sc., and B, M.Jones, M.A. Chemical Technology (Fuel and RefractoryMaterials): Professor W, A. Bone, F.R.S. Physics: Pro-fessors H. L. Callendar, F.R.S., and the HonourableR. J. Strutt, F.R.S. ; Assistant Professors: W. Watson,F.R.S., A. Fowler, F.R.S., and Dr. S. W. J. Smith.Geology : Professor W. W. Watts, F.R.S. ; AssistantProfessor: Dr. Cullis. Metallurgy: Professors W. Gowland,F.R.S., and H. C. H. Carpenter, M.A., Ph.D. ; AssistantProfessor: W. H. Merrett, A.R.S.M., F.I.C., M.I.M.M.Mining: Professor W. Frecheville, A.R.S.M., M.I.M.M.;Assistant Professors: L. H. Cooke, A.R.S.M., M.I.M.M.,and S. J. Truscott, A.R.S.M., M.I.M.M. Civil Engineering:Professor S. M. Dixon, M.A., M,Inst.C,E, - MechanicalEngineering and Motive Power : Professor W. E. Dalby,M.A, F.R.S. ; Assistant Professors : W. Hewson, A.R.C.S.,B.Sc., A.M.Inst.C.E., A. J. Margetson, M.Sc., A. Cruick-shank, and E. F. D. Mitchell, A.C.G.I., B Sc. Electrical

Engineering: Professor T. Mather, F.R.S. ; AssistantProfessor: G. W. 0. Howe, Wh.Sc., M.Sc. The Collegereopens on Tuesday, Oct. 7th, 1913. Communicationsshould be addressed to the Secretary, Imperial College,South Kensington, S.W.ELECTRICAL STANDARDIZING, TESTING, AND TRAINING

INSTITUTION, Faraday House, 62-70, Southampton-row, W.C.- Principal, Alexander Russell, M.A. Cantab, D.Sc. Glasg.,M.I.E.E. Instructor in Electrical Machine Design: F. T.Chapman, B.Sc., A.M.Inst.C.E. Instructor in Chemistry.:J. Thomas, B.Sc. Lond. Instructor in Mechanical Engi-neering : Walter H. Bell, A.M.Inst.C.E. This Institutionprovides a complete education in mechanical and electricalengineering, including a practical training in works andfactories associated with the College for the purpose. Thefull diploma course occupies four years, but special coursescan be arranged. There are Entrance Scholarships of the valueof 150 and 100 guineas. Particulars may be obtained onapplication to the Secretary, Faraday House, Southampton-row, W.C. Session begins Sept. 22nd.SCHOOL OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT

BRITAIN.—In order to qualify as a pharmacist in GreatBritain it is necessary to be 21 years of age, to have passedan approved preliminary examination, to have been for threeyears practically engaged in the translation and dispensingof prescriptions, and to have passed the Minor examinationof the Pharmaceutical Society. The subjects which must

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be included in the approved preliminary examination areEnglish, Latin, a modern foreign language, arithmetic,aigebra, and Euclid. No certificate can be accepted unlessit has been granted for the whole of these subjects. Tobecome eligible to enter for the Minor examination the can-didate must be registered as an "apprentice or student,"and such registration may be securecl through the Registrarof the Pharmaceutical Society, to whom a certificate ofthe preliminary examination must be sent. The subjects ofthe Minor examinations are botany, chemistry and physics,practical chemistry, materia medica, pharmacy, practicalpharmacy and dispensing, and prescription reading. Thefee for the examination is 10 guineas, but a candidate whohas attended and failed to pass may re-enter for the exami-nation on payment of a reduced fee of 3 guineas. Personswho pass this examination are registered as chemists anddruggists. The advanced or Major examination entitlesthose who pass it to registration as " pharmaceuticalchemists." The subjects of the examination are botany,chemistry and physics, practical chemistry, and materiamedica, and the entrance fee is 3 guineas. -Lectitrers.-

Chemistry and Physics : Professor Arthur W. Crossley,F.R.S. Botany : Mr. C. H. Warner, B.Sc. Pharmaceutics :Professor Greenish. The session commences on Wednesday,Oct. lst, on. which day the inaugural address will bedelivered. Medical students, or pupils intending to enterthe medical profession, are admitted to the lectures and

laboratory work in any or all the courses. Certificates ofinstruction in this school are received by the Conjoint Boardof the Royal Colleges. Application for admission to the.school, or for further information, may be made to theDean, Professor Greenish, 17, Bloomsbury-square, London,W.C.ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (WITH WHICH IS IN-

CORPORATED THE PARKES MUSEUM). 90, BuckinghamPalace-road, S.W.-The objects of the Royal SanitaryInstitute are to promote the advancement of sanitaryscience in all or any of its branches and to diffuseknowledge relating thereto. It was founded in 1876 andincorporated in 1888. Sessional meetings are held inLondon and in various provincial centres from time totime for the reading of papers and for discussions uponsubjects connected with sanitary science, and lectures anddemonstrations are arranged for sanitary officers ; for armyofficers and professional men on food and meat inspection ;for meat inspectors ; for women health visitors and schoolnurses ; and for school teachers. Examinations are held inLondon, and in provincial and colonial centres, and certifi-cates of competency in sanitary knowledge are granted. TheParkes Museum, which is maintained by the institute, con-tains a great variety of the most approved forms ofapparatus and appliances relating to health and domesticcomfort. Professors and teachers of hygiene are allowedthe use of the museum for demonstrations to their studentson application to the committee. The museum is open dailyfree of charge from 9.30 A.M. to 5.30 P.M. and on Mondaysto 8 P.M. There are also a large library of sanitary literaturewhich contains, in addition to standard works on sanitaryscience, a coiieccion or reports or meaical omcers or neaitnover the whole country, and a reading room supplied withthe principal sanitary periodicals, both home and foreign.The Institute is under the patronage of the King, and theofficers are: President, the Earl of Plymouth; chair-man of council, Sir Henry Tanner, C.B., I.S.O., F.R.I.B.A. ;treasurer, Colonel J. Lane Notter, R.A.M.O., M.A., M.D. ;registrar, Mr. A. Wynter Blyth, M.R.C.S. ; and secretary anddirector, Mr. E. White Wallis, F.S.S. The lecturers areDr. A. Wellesley Harris, Dr. A. Greenwood, Professor H. R.Kenwood, M.B.. Mr. J. F. Osborne Smith, F.R.I.B.A., Mr.AlanE. Munby,A.R.I.B.A., Mr. W. C. Tyndale, M.Inst.C.E.,Mr. A. Saxon Snell, A.R.I.B.A., Mr. Edward Willis,A.M.Inst.C.E., Mr. Henry C. Adams, A.M.Inst.C.E.,Mr. T. Dunlop Young, M.R.C.V.S., Mr. J. Hayhurst,M.R.C.V.S., Mr. W. Hunting, M.R.C.V.S,, Dr. A. R.Litteljohn, Dr. Eric C. Pritchard, Dr. A. BeresfordKingsford, Dr. James Kerr, Colonel J. Lane Notter, R.A.M.C.,Dr. E. H. T. Nash, and Miss Constance Barker, Formembers the annual subscription is f.2 2s. and for associates£ 1 1s., but members and associates holding certain qualifica-tions only pay half the ordinary rate of subscription. ’

THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH.-TheRoyal Institute of Public Health, 37, Russell-square, W.C.,was founded in the year 1886 with the object of obtainingthe registration of public health diplomas and the further

statutory requirement that all medical officers of healthshould possess such a qualification. In 1905 the Fellowsand members of the Institute, now numbering 2000,decided to create a central public health institution inLondon and have erected bacteriological, serological, andchemical laboratories in which researches of a publichealth character are undertaken for municipal and otherauthorities and for private medical practitioners and the neces-sary training for obtaining public health diplomas is provided,together with a library, museum, lecture room, and commonroom. The Royal Institute of Public Health is recognised bythe University of London as a public educational institution,and its course of instruction for the diploma by the univer-sities and other examining bodies of the United Kingdom.The council appointed four medical practitioners yearly whopossess a Diploma in Public Health as Assistant Demon-strators, and who are desirous of obtaining a more extendedknowledge of laboratory work in connexion with the dutiesof a medical officer of health. The Royal Institute of PublicHealth is a recognised place of research in connexionwith the Beit Memorial Fellowships for Medical Research.The Institute is under the patronage of His Majesty theKing ; and the Right Hon. the Earl Beauchamp, K.C.M.G.,is President. The teaching staff consists of-the Principal,Professor William R. Smith, M.D., F.R.S.Ed. ; demonstratorsof chemistry, Ernest Garratt, M.Sc., and Alan Stewart,D.Sc. ; demonstrator of bacteriology, Dr. A. Distaso.Occasional lectures are given by eminent sanitarians. Theofficial organ of the Institute is the Journal of State Medicine,which is a leading monthly review of preventive medicine inall its branches, and contributions are published in French,German, and English from the leading scientists in all partsof the world. The Harben lecturer for 1913 was ProfessorJ. Bordet, M.D. Brux., and the Harben lecturer for 1914is Inspecteur-General Dr. Vaillard (Paris). The Annual

Congress of the Institute was held in Paris in 1913 and willbe held in Edinburgh in 1914. Secretary : Ernest L. Ryley.

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ONCANCER RESEARCH.1

THE Third International Conference on Cancer Researchwas held in Brussels from August lst to 5th, ProfessorDEBAISIEUX (Louvain) being in the chair.

Dr. CZERNY (Heidelberg) read a paper in the course ofwhich he said that even the most extensive operations,carried to the limits of what was anatomically permissible,succeeded in producing recoveries in only about one-fourthof the cases, and that in the remaining three-fourths of thecases there were relapses of the disease.

Dr. WITZEL (Dusseldorf) said that there was a hope ofbetter results in the future from the close connexion of

surgery with radiotherapy. The large doses with whichtherapeutic successes had been obtained in gynaecologicalcases could be easily applied in surgical cases also. He didnot anticipate any difficulties of manipulation in the radia-tion treatment of carcinoma of the stomach, the oasophagus,the urinary bladder, or the intestine. After the establish-ment of oblique fistulas leaden tubes with radiation apparatuscould be introduced, and in the intervals of the treatmentthese tubes could be replaced by drainage or obturator tubes.In the case of somewhat large tumours the same end wouldbe attained by the making of numerous channels. Themethods formerly used for preliminary and palliative treat-ment would, therefore, with a little alteration, be applicableto radiotherapy.

Dr. A. PINKUSS (Berlin), Dr. GAUSS (Freiburg), and Dr.KLOTZ (Tiibingen) expressed the opinion that in order to

practise radiotherapy it was necessary not only to have inone’s possession a certain amount of radio-active substances,but also to be thoroughly acquainted with the nature ofradio-active substances and with the methods of filteringtheir emanations, so as to administer the quantity appro-priate for each individual case and to avoid the dangersassociated with radio-active treatment. The direct applica-tion of radium and mesothorium must in many instancesbe combined with the internal administration of chemicalremedies. Dr. Pinkuss believed that a heightening of the

1 A full report of the proceedings appears in our excellent contem-porary the Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift of August 21st, 1913.