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parts: (a) Physics, and (b) Radiology. The Exam-ination is held twice yearly-viz., July and October.Radiology can be taken as the special subject in

the examination for Membership of the Royal Collegeof Physicians of Edinburgh, which means thatan Honours standard has to be attained. Full .

particulars may be obtained from the Dean of theFaculty of Medicine.

DIPLOMA IN LARYNGOLOGY AND

OTOLOGY.

English Conjoint Board. ’ ’

The Board grants the D.L.O. after an examina-Ition held in two parts, in June and December. z,Part I. comprises anatomy, embryology, and physio- ilogy of the ear, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea andbronchi, and oesophagus. Part II. comprises themedicine, surgery, and pathology of the ear, nose, Ipharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi, and cesophagus, Iand the recognition and use of special instrumentsand appliances. The examination in each case is iwritten, oral, and practical or clinical. Candidates z,

may only enter for Part II. on completion of one yearof special study of the diseases of the ear, nose,’pharynx, and larynx, after obtaining a registrable iqualification, or a degree in medicine and surgery of Ia University recognised by the Board. The fee foradmission to each part is 6 guineas. ;

DIPLOMA IN TUBERCULOUS DISEASES.

University of Wales. iThe regulations governing the award of the I

diploma of T.D.D. prescribe that every candidate Imust have obtained a registrable qualification inMedicine, Surgery, and Midwifery for at least twovears before he can be admitted to the examination. ,’He must have held, for not less than 12 months,

ia resident medical or surgical appointment on the Istaff of a Tuberculosis Hospital or Sanatorium, or at

an Orthopaedic Institution providing not less thanone hundred beds for cases of surgical tuberculosis ;or shall satisfy the Faculty of Medicine that he haspursued a special study of Tuberculosis equivalentto the above for a period of not less than 12 months.Every candidate must have pursued a course ofinstruction in the epidemiology, pathology, andbacteriology of tuberculosis extending over one termin the Welsh National School of Medicine, or an

equivalent course of instruction extending over atleast the same period in an institution approved bythe University for this purpose, The examinationis held annually in the first week of June. Noticeof candidature, together with the entrance fee of910 10s., and the necessary certificates, must beforwarded to the Registrar of the University, Univer-sity Registry, Cathays Park, Cardiff, not later thanMay 1st.

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The Cecil Prosser Research Scholarship, of thevalue of 9250 for one year, is awarded triennially forresearch in Tuberculosis.

DIPLOMA IN BACTERIOLOGY.

University of London.The University of London grants an Academic

Diploma in Bacteriology, the Course being open to(a) Graduates in Medicine, Science and Pharmacyof this or another approved University, whose previoustraining has, in the opinion of the University, fittedthem to profit by the Course; and (b) registeredmedical practitioners and other students who.though not graduates, have obtained a qualificationand undergone a previous training which, in theopinion of the University, has fitted them to profitby the Course.A Course necessary to fufil the regulations of this

Diploma has been planned by the London School ofHygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel-street,London, W.C., and full particulars with regard to theDiploma may be obtained from the AcademicRegistrar, University of London, South Kensington,S.W.

DENTAL SURGERY

TEACHING INSTITUTIONS IN

DENTISTRY.

REGISTRATION on the Medical Register entitles a

practitioner to practise as a dentist, although hecannot register as such without degree or licence indentistry ; but few dental appointments at general orspecial hospitals or dispensaries are available save tothose with a special diploma, and, until registered IIon the Dentist Register, no dental work under theAdditional Benefit Scheme of the National HealthInsurance Act can be undertaken.The Examining Bodies in Dentistry which grant

degrees and diplomas in the subject are as follows:Royal College of Surgeons of England, Royal Collegeof Surgeons, Edinburgh, Royal Faculty of Physiciansand Surgeons of Glasgow, Royal College of Surgeonsin Ireland, and the following Universities : Birming-ham, Bristol, Durham, Leeds, Liverpool, London,Manchester, Sheffield, St. Andrews, Dublin (TrinityCollege), Queen’s University of Belfast, and theNational University of Ireland. The student shouldapply to the secretaries of the various Conjoint Boardsor to the Deans of the medical faculties or medicalsohools for a syllabus. -

TEACHING INSTITUTIONS IN LONDON. !

Royal Dental Hospital.The Royal Dental Hospital of London, School of IDental Surgery, Leicester-square, is a school of the

University of London. Women are admitted as i

students and are eligible for all hospital appointmentsand school prizes. The school provides the specialdental education required by the University of Londonfor the B.D.S. Degree and the Royal College of Surgeonsfor the Licence in Dental Surgery. The general partof the curriculum may be taken at any generalhospital. The hospital is open from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M.,there being one staff for the morning and another forthe afternoon of each day. Pupils are received forthe training in dental mechanics recognised by the

! curriculum. The instructors at the commence-

ment of each session give a course of lectures onOperative Dental Surgery. The five house surgeonciesare held for four months each and are open to allqualified students. The lecturers, in addition totheir lectures, give special demonstrations on theMicroscopy of Dental Anatomy and Dental Surgery.The lecturer on Dental Mechanics also gives practicaldemonstrations in the laboratory. There is an

Entrance Scholarship in Chemistry and Physics ofthe value of 225. One Entrance Scholarship inDental Mechanics and Metallurgy, value j625. Forfull information as to scholarships and prizes, andother matters connected with the course, applicationshould be made to the Dean.

University College Hospital Dental School.. This Hospital and School, situated at the corner ofGreat Portland and Devonshire-streets, W., hasrecently been thoroughly reorganised, and is nowfully equipped with all the most modern appliances.Students are entered as students of University CollegeHospital, and, as such, attend the classes of Anatomy

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and Physiology in University College, which is a fewminutes’ walk from the Dental Department in GreatPortland-street, hitherto known as the National DentalHospital, the first Dental School to admit WomenStudents. Practical courses to comply with theR.C.S. curriculum are held. Clinical Lectures andDemonstrations are given, and each student on

entering passes through a preliminary course undera demonstrator. A prospectus containing full infor-mation as to lectures, fees, and prizes may be had onapplication to the Sub-Dean for Dental Students,who attends at University College Hospital MedicalSchool, University-street, W.C.1, on Wednesdaymornings from 9.30 to 10.30, and at other times byappointment. ’ .

Guy’s Hospital Dental School.The work of the Dental Department begins daily at

9 A.M. both in the extraction rooms and in the con-

servation room. The Extraction Rooms: Thereis ample accommodation for both general andlocal anaesthetic extractions, together withwaiting- and retiring-rooms. Patients are admittedbetween 8.45 and 9.30 A.M., and are seen by thedental surgeon for the day, the staff demonstrators,the dental house surgeons, and the dressers. TheConservation Room is open from 9 A.M. till 5 P.M. Itaffords accommodation for about 100 dental chairs,with the necessary equipment of the most moderntype for the use of the Dressers, who, under thesupervision of the Staff, perform the various operationsof Dental Surgery. There is a separate room fordenture patients affording accommodation for 15 chairsand a separate department for children with accom-modation for 20 chairs. The Members of the staffattend every morning and afternoon to give demon-strations and otherwise assist students in their workin the Conservation Room and Prosthetic Laboratory.The Probationers’ Laboratory is supervised by threeof the staff demonstrators, and instruction is given inoperative dentistry on a " mannikin " to studentsduring their first three months of clinical study.Students in Dental Prosthetios are received, and agraded, systematic, and full course of instruction,extending over two years, is carried out under thesupervision of the Director of the Prosthetic Labora-tory, assisted by three demonstrators, a house surgeon,and seven mechanics.

Dental students have the opportunity of attending atthis hospital the whole course of instruction requiredby the examining board for the B.D.S. Lond. or

L.D.S. Eng.-viz., the complete course in dentalprosthetics, the special lectures and practice of theDental Department, and the general lectures andpractice of the Medical School. Students whoenter for a medical as well as a dental course areallowed to pursue their study of Dentistry duringany period of their medical course most convenientto themselves without further charge.Twelve house surgeons, 20 assistant house sur-

geons, and four student demonstrators of DentalHistology are appointed annually. The followingappointments are held by students : Full surgeon’sdresser, assistant surgeon’s dresser, dresser in thechildren’s department, casualty dresser, clerk to theanaesthetist, dresser in the gas extraction and localanaesthetic extraction rooms, and probationary dresser.For particulars as to scholarships and prizes, as wellas all information, application should be made tothe Dean of the Medical School, Guy’s Hospital,London Bridge, S.E. 1.

King’s College Hospital.The Dental School is part of the Medical School of

King’s College Hospital, and was opened in November,1923. The Dental Out-Patient Department of theHospital is used for the performance of dentalextractions. A large Conservation Room withprovision for 40 dental chairs has been equipped.Smaller rooms are used for clinical teaching andadministrative requirements, and a specially equippedlaboratory for training in the art of dental mechanics.An X ray apparatus has been installed for special use

in dental skiagraphy. A museum containing a largenumber of specimens illustrating oral, buccal, dental.and other diseases is available for teaching purposes.The library, lecture theatre, lecture rooms, commonrooms, and the refreshment room are all availablefor the use of students. Courses of study, includingpractical work, are provided for the degree of Bachelorof Dental Surgery of the University of London, andfor the Diploma in Dental Surgery of the RoyalCollege of Surgeons of England. Special arrangementsare made for those students who wish to take amedical degree or qualification in addition to a degreeor diploma in Dental Surgery.The following salaried appointments are open to

qualified members of the School: Registrar, ResidentHouse Surgeon, Non-Resident House Surgeon, andTutors in Dental Mechanics, Orthodontics, andDental Materia Medica.

Full particulars of the Dental School may beobtained on application to the Dean, or to theSecretary of the Medical School, King’s CollegeHospital, Denmark Hill, London, S.E. 5.London Hospital.

This school is a part of the London Hospital andMedical College, and is fully equipped on the mostmodern lines and with the latest appliances. Itprovides a complete curriculum in all subjects forthe B.D.S. Degree and for the L.D.S. Diploma, andis admirably adapted for the purpose of teaching.The Conservation Room is well lighted andventilated and fitted with pump chairs of thelatest pattern ; the fountain spittoons at many ofthe chairs have been specially designed. Eachspittoon has attached to it a saliva ejector, hot andcold water, compressed air, gas and electric currentalso a swing bracket to carry the students’ cabinet.Electric sterilisers are supplied in each departmentand motor engines where required. The Schoolpossesses, in addition to the Theatres, Laboratories,and Museums in the College, a special Museum ofDental Anatomy and Surgery, Operative Dentistry,Prosthetic and Extraction Rooms, and Laboratoriesfor Practical Metallurgy and Prosthesis. A systematiccourse of instruction is arranged for pupils. Theup-to-date Laboratory contains every modern apparatusand is in charge of a skilled curator and his assistants.Entrance Scholarship : Francis Farmer Scholarshipin Science, value jE25 ; no age limit. Subjects:Chemistry and Physics. Prizes : The Harold FinkPrize in Operative Dental Surgery, value 28 8s.;the " London" Prize in Dental Prosthesis, valueJE5 5s. Prizes are also offered for competition at theend of each of the courses of lectures in the curriculum.Connected with the Medical College and Dental Schoolare a Library, Athenaeum, Clubs’ Union, Dining Hallwith moderate tariff, Students’ Hostel, and an AthleticGround. For full particulars as to Scholarships andPrizes, fees and course of study advised, apply to theDean of the Medical School.

Royal Free Hospital : London School of Medicinefor Women.

Full courses are arranged for women students forthe study of dentistry and in preparation for theB.D.S. Degree of the University of London and theLicence in Dental Surgery of the Royal College ofSurgeons of England, at the London (Royal FreeHospital) School of Medicine for Women. TheEastman Dental Clinic will, when completed, providea Dental School for women students ; in the meantimethe course for dental students is arranged in con-junction with the Royal Dental Hospital.

TEACHING INSTITUTIONS OUTSIDE LONDON.

Birmingham Dental Hospital.Dean : Cyril Howkins, C.B.E., D.S.O., M.R.C.S.,

L.D.S. The Dental Hospital, Great Charles-street,has accommodation for 100 students. The equip-ment is in accordance with the most modern require-ments for the efficient teaching and practice of DentalSurgery, including Radiology and Ultra-Violet RayTherapy and a new department for Practical Pathology

499

and Bacteriology. The operations performedannually average 35,000, including gold and otherfillings, crowns, bridges, porcelain inlays, and injectionsfor block and infiltration anaesthesia. The ortho-dontic department is one of the foremost in thecountry. The Prosthetic and Mechanical Depart-ment is large and well lighted and under a highlyskilled instructor who is always present. Applica-tion for information as to fees and scholarships mustbe sent to the Dean of the Medical Faculty, Birming-ham University, or the Dean of the Dental Hospital,Birmingham.Leeds University School of Dentistry.The School of Dentistry is adequately equipped to

provide for the complete training of the dental student.It forms a part of the Leeds School of Medicine whilstthe instruction in clinical and mechanical dentistry iscarried out in the Dental Hospital. The School isnow in occupation of a spacious new buildingespecially designed to the requirements of moderndental teaching. The School is also the dentaldepartment of the General Infirmary, and its closeassociation with the work of that institution ensuresan adequate supply of clinical material, and enablesa fuller insight into the position dental surgeryholds in relation to general medicine and surgery,especially with regard to the major diseases andinjuries of the head and neck. The courses of studyare mainly designed to meet the requirements of theB.Ch.D. and L.D.S. Leeds, but every opportunity isafforded to students preparing for the degrees ordiplomas of other licensing bodies. Full-time demon-strators give the instruction in clinical dental surgery,prosthetic dentistry, and mechanics, which is carriedout under the supervision and direction of members ofthe Honorary Staff, two of whom are in attendanceeach day. Special facilities are provided for instructionin Orthodontia, Dental Radiography, Local andGeneral Anaesthetics. Prizes are offered for competi-tion to pupils and students in their respective yearsof study. Communications should be addressed tothe Warden, School of Dentistry, Leeds, from whoma prospectus may be obtained.Dental Hospital of Manchester.This hospital is in association for teaching purposes

with the University of Manchester and the RoyalInfirmary, and is in the centre of a very large popula-tion. Courses of study are provided to met therequirements of the various examining bodies,including those of the University of Manchester forthe qualifications L.D.S. and B.D.S., and the L.D.S.of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Clinicalinstruction is given in Dental Prosthetics, OperativeDentistry, Diagnosis and Extraction, Orthodontics,Dental Surgery, Radiography, and Anaesthetics byspecially appointed Clinical Teachers.

All the courses of instruction are open to womenstudents. Copies of the Prospectus will be forwardedon application to Mr. J. Hilditch Mathews, Dean.

Newcastle-upon-Tyne Dental Hospital and School.This hospital is centrally situated (within 5 minutes

of the various colleges, infirmary, and railway station) ;the rooms are well lighted and thoroughly equippedfor carrying on the work. Dental surgeons and ananaesthetist attend each morning. A tutorial dentalsurgeon is also in attendance. Medals and Certi-ficates of Merit are granted to students showingcertain standards of proficiency in the various classesat the Dental School. The prospectus of the DentalHospital and School, containing full information,may be obtained from Mr. James Coltman, 13, ’’Ellison-place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Dean. ;Devon and Exeter Dental Hospital. ’

The hospital at 24, Southernhay West, Exeter, isopen on Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays,Fridays, and Saturdays, and patients are admittedbetween the hours of 9.30 and 11 A.M. Studentsattend the practice of the hospital under the controlof the medical officers.

SCOTTISH TEACHING INSTITUTIONS.

Edinburgh Dental Hospital and School.The Edinburgh Dental Hospital and School is

located in spacious and well-equipped buildingsat 30, 31, and 32, Chambers-street, and offers specialadvantages to dental students. A large and importantextension of the existing buildings has now beenopened. The General Courses required for theDental Diploma may be taken in the MedicalSchool of the Royal Colleges of Physicians andSurgeons or in the University schools. The generalhospital attendance and clinical instruction are takenat the Royal Infirmary. The University, MedicalSchools, and Royal Infirmary are within three minutes’walk of the Dental Hospital. The special courses aretaken in the hospital. The Dental Hospital practice,extending over two years, affords a student ampleopportunity for a full acquaintance with every branchof dentistry. The hospital admits a limited numberof indentured pupils. They receive their instructionin Mechanical Dentistry concurrently with the generaland special courses. A premium of 60 guineas ispayable with each such pupil. The practice andlectures of the hospital are recognised by, and qualifyfor, all the Licensing Boards. Those students whodesire to take a Medical and Surgical Diploma inaddition to the L.D.S. have in this school admirablefacilities for so doing. The triple qualification of theRoyal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Edinburghand the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons ofGlasgow is recommended. The Higher DentalDiploma (H.D.D.) of the Royal College of Surgeonsaffords an opportunity of obtaining a higher qualifica-tion subsequent to registration. The Prospectus, withfull information, may be obtained by application tothe Dean or the Assistant Secretary.Incorporated Glasgow Dental Hospital.

This hospital is located at 158, Renfrew-street, and15, Dalhousie-street, Glasgow. The school is opento Men and Women Students, and Lectures are givenon Dental Surgery, Operative Dental Surgery,Orthodontia, Dental Anatomy and Physiology,Dental Histology, Dental Mechanics, Crown andBridge work, Dental Metallurgy, Dental Bacteriology,Radiology, Anaesthetics, and Dental Materia Medica.Lectures on general subjects required for Dentistrymay be taken at the University or at one of the extra-mural schools where special provision is made forDental Students. A new mechanical laboratory withbench accommodation for 60 pupils and fully equippedwith the most modern appliances for teaching practicaldental mechanics has recently been added. Fullinformation may be had on application to the Dean.Glasgow Royal Infirmary.Dental Department: The following course in the

curriculum can be taken at St. Mungo’s College :Anatomy, six months ; Practical Anatomy, ninemonths; Physiology, six months ; Chemistry, sixmonths ; Practical Chemistry, three months; Surgery,six months ; Medicine, six months ; Materia Medica,three months ; Dental Surgery, six months, andattendance for two years on the dental departmentof the hospital. Clinical Medicine (three months) andClinical Surgery (six months) are taken at the RoyalInfirmary.

IRELAND.

Dental Hospital of Ireland.4"1 Dental Students who have passed their SecondDental Examination in the Royal College of Surgeonsin Ireland (or an equivalent examination or examina-tions) are admissible to the Clinical Instruction ofthe Hospital. In addition to Clinical Instructionand Special Demonstrations, courses of lectures aregiven at the hospital on Dental Surgery and Pathology,Mechanical Dentistry, the Administration of Anaes-thetics, Orthodontia, Dental Anatomy, and DentalMateria Medica, and instruction in Anaesthetics. Thecourse in practical Dental Mechanics can be taken inthe Hospital Laboratory. Further particulars can beobtained from the Dean, at Lincoln-place. Dublin.