Tech Manual

CURTAIN WALLINGTECHNICAL MANUAL

Issue C July 2009Part No. 994634

MANUAL STRUCTURE

CURTAIN WALLING TECHNICAL MANUAL

ELITE 70TECHNICAL

MANUAL

ELITE 63TECHNICAL

MANUAL

REVERSIBLE 70TECHNICAL

MANUAL

Contains specific information common to the CURTAIN WALLING system i.e. Surveying, Design, Product Guide etc.

Individual product manuals contain information specific to that product ie. Detail sheets, Cutting calculations & Hardware fitting etc.

Issue C AmendmentsPage no. Amendment.1.1 Reference to standards for determining deign wind pressure added1.3 Reference to CP3 Chapter IV for determining deign wind pressure removed2.2 Reference to CP3 Chapter IV for determining deign wind pressure removed2.4 Reference to CP3 Chapter IV for determining deign wind pressure removed3.3 900571 & 900572 butyl tapes replaced with 9005704.2 900571 & 900572 butyl tapes replaced with 9005704.3 900571 & 900572 butyl tapes replaced with 9005704.4 900571 & 900572 butyl tapes replaced with 9005704.5 900571 & 900572 butyl tapes replaced with 90057011.1 BPF W362/2 replaced with BS 821311.10 900571 & 900572 butyl tapes replaced with 90057011.13 900571 & 900572 butyl tapes replaced with 900570

TERMINOLOGY

SYSTEMThe system consists of a number of extruded aluminium components, which, when connected together and fastened to the main structure of the building, provide an engineered grid or framework which receives PVCu windows inserts.

MULLIONMullion box sections vary in depth and are used to span floors vertically, the size being dependent on the distances between floors. Charts are used to arrive at the appropriate mullion according to span and given load conditions. Mullions are fixed at the head and cill and intermediate floor levels. They can incorporate expansion sleeves to accomodate movement.

TRANSOMTransom box sections are used to span horizontally between mullions. They are attached by means of a transom block fastened to the mullions. Transoms occur at the head and cills and any pre-determined point where necessary. Transoms vary in depth according to external forces and the direct load they support. Charts are used to arrive at the correct transom. Different “depth” transoms to mullions can be used for aesthetic reasons, but design considerations are paramount.

PRESSURE PLATEThe pressure plate is a mill finish aluminium extrusion which is fixed by means of screws to the mullion/transom. Its purpose is to retain and seal the PVCu window inserts into the curtain wall grid. The extrusion is pre-drilled for fixing and contains grooves to receive specially designed gaskets which compress under pressure.

The following terminology is used throughout this manual:

PVCu WINDOW INSERTPVCu window inserts are fitted between the mullions and transoms and are retained by the pressure plates. PVCu window inserts can be various depths and designs to suit the particular requirements of the contract.

POCKET FILLERPocket filler is an extruded aluminium section used to fill the void around the perimeter of the grid where mullions and transoms butt to the building structure. It also provides a seating for the pressure plate seal around the perimeter of the curtain wall.

FACE CAPSFace Caps are a PVC-U extrusion over the external pressure plate to complete the PVC-U exterior.

TRANSOM BLOCKAn Aluminium ‘U’ shaped block, pre-drilled, to connect transoms to mullions.

GLAZING TAPEA compressible butyl sealing tape. Inserted into the aluminium grid, and used to seal the grid internally.

THERMAL BREAKA semi rigid extrusion which reduces thermal transmission. Placed between the pressure plate and mullion nose.

PRESSURE PLATE GASKETSA flexible extrusion fed into grooves in the pressure plate, in order to achieve an external seal

INSERT DEPTH

TRANSOM OR MULLION NOSEP

RO

FILE

HE

IGH

T

PROFILE DEPTH

SWR670/C SWR670/C

1.1

SURVEY CURTAIN WALLING MANUAL

INTRODUCTIONThis manual contains information of a technical nature and consequently is only intended for use in the course of a business by persons who are skilled in the subject matter covered.

Although reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this manual, Spectus does not accept any liability for damage resulting (whether directly or indirectly) from the use of the information contained in this manual.

Accordingly this manual is supplied on the basis that the user accepts all risks associated with the use of the information contained within it.

Page No.s

Section 1 Survey 1.1 - 1.5

Section 2 Design 2.1 - 2.8

Section 3 Product Guide 3.1 - 3.3

Section 4 Estimation 4.1 - 4.7

Section 5 Detail Sheets 5.1 - 5.9

Section 6 Cutting Calculations 6.1 - 6.5

Section 7 Handling & Storage 7.1

Section 8 Mullion & Transom Preparation 8.1 - 8.2

Section 9 Mechanical Joints 9.1 - 9.4

Section 10 Quality Control 10.1

Section 11 Installation 11.1 - 11.14

Section 12 Finishing 12.1

Section 13 Appendices 13.1 - 13.5

Note :- Curtain walling should only be estimated, manufactured or installed by specialist commercial fabricators who are fully conversant with the curtain walling system. Please contact the commercial department for more information on curtain walling.

1.1

SURVEYThis section covers basic survey information and principles. Site surveys should only be carried out by experienced surveyors.

GENERAL INFORMATION

The Spectus curtain walling system consists of a number of extruded aluminium components, which, when connected together and fastened to the main structure of the building, provide an engineered grid or framework which receives PVC-U window inserts. Infill panels are used to provide external colour, insulation value, and to mask floor slabs and internal walls.

It should be emphasised that the grid is a severe rated system structurally designed for proper performance in its own right. Whilst able to support PVC-U inserts the grid does not rely on them for strength.

Internal box members are white epoxy coated (RAL9016 semi-gloss) to match the PVC-U.

SURVEY INFORMATION

The following information, which must be supplied, will allow the curtain walling designer to access which mullion or transom in the curtain wall system is suitable for a particular application (see pages 2.1 - 2.8).

(a) design wind pressure (see pages 1.3 - 1.5).

(b) vertical span. (= distance between vertical fixing points)

(c) transom span. (= distance between mullion centres)

(d) glass specification (e.g. 28mm d.g. units comprising 2 panes 6mm glass with a 16mm air space)

It is important when a mullion or transom is under consideration, that both the windload and transom dead load charts are read in conjunction with each other (see pages 2.1 - 2.8).

At this point consideration must be given to the minimum and maximum limitations of the window inserts that are to be used. A case might occur where the curtain wall mullion and transom spans are greater than the limitations of the window insert. If a case does arise, the architect/client must be consulted, and a new design submitted for approval.

PVC-U WINDOW INSERTS

PVC-U window inserts can be fixed windows , opening casements, tilt & turns or fully reversible windows. The curtain walling grid will accept PVC-U window inserts of either 63mm or 70mm frame depth. The table below gives the maximum sizes* for the various PVC-U window styles.

WindowStyle

Maximum Height

Maximum Width

Fixed 2000mm 2000mmTop Hung Casement 1356mm 1256mmSide Hung Casement 1356mm 756mm

Tilt & Turn 1584mm 1584mmFully Reversible 1600mm 1586mm

* -The table is only intended as a guideline, and more exact dimensions can be found in each product technical manual

When specifying PVC-U window inserts, care must be taken to ensure that any window hardware, for example on tilt & turn windows, will still function within the curtain walling grid (see page 6.1, Fig. 6.2). In this type of situation, frame packers can be fitted to the windows, but the frame packers must be deducted from the PVCu window insert sizes.

(a) DESIGN WIND PRESSUREThe design wind pressure will usually be specified by the engineer/architect and will be expressed as pa (i.e. 1200 pa). If the design wind pressure is not specified this can be determined from BS 6375-1 or BS 6399-2. If calculating the design wind pressure, the calculations and results must be agreed with the engineer/architect.

(b) VERTICAL SPANThe vertical span is defined as the distance between vertical fixing points.

On single level applications (i.e. structures without intermediate floors), the vertical span will be between the base and eaves of the structure.

On multiple level applications, the vertical span can be reduced by fixing a tie back to intermediate floor levels (see Fig 1.1).

(c) TRANSOM SPANThe transom span is defined as the distance between mullion centres. For information on mullion centres see pages 2.1 - 2.8.

1.2

SURVEY

1.3

SURVEY(d) GLASS SPECIFICATIONThe glass specification (type and thickness) is essential information as its weight can determine both the curtain walling construction and the PVCu window insert design suitability.

DOORSIf doors are installed in curtain walling, they are often high usage entrance doors. PVCu doors are not suitable for high usage and aluminium doors are more suitable. When installing aluminium doors into curtain walling, the perimeter cill transom is not required and the aluminium pocket filler should be used as the door surround (See Fig. 1.1)

Fig 1.2

CILLSAluminium pressings should be used at the cill detail with an approx 10mm allowance (depending upon site conditions) made for the aluminium pressing and bedding compound (See Fig 1.3). A further seal should be applied between the aluminium cill pressing and the bottom transom.

EDGE CLEARANCEA clearance of approx 10mm (depending upon site conditions) should be allowed at both the head (See Fig 1.4) and jamb (See Fig 1.5) details. Packers should be used at fixing points and an external silicone mastic pointing used.

IntermediatefloorFixing

bracket

Fixing

Fixi

ng

Fig 1.3

Aluminiumpressing

FloorSlab

BeddingCompound

Silicone mastic

pointing

10m

m

Fig 1.4

Head

Fixi

ng

Fig 1.5

Silicone mastic

pointing

10mm

Fixing

If PVCu doors are installed, the cill transom is not required and a 20mm packer should be fitted to the door jambs.

INTERMEDIATE FLOORSSpecial attention should be paid to the position of any intermediate floors or structural steelwork within the structure. These must be used to tie back the curtain wall (See Fig. 1.2) and therefore reduce the load span on wind-load calculations. They must also be used to allow long vertical mullions to be jointed where required.

PocketFiller

Typical Aluminium Door

Fig 1.1

1.2

SURVEY

1.3

SURVEYCORNER DETAILSCorner details, where required, should be designed to suit each individual contract. There are no specific corner posts or details for the curtain walling system. However, typical external (See Fig 1.6) and internal (See Fig 1.7) corner details using aluminium pressings, plywood and insulating material are commonly specified.

Fig 1.6

Fig 1.7

Aluminium pressing with plywood and insulation bonded

to the rear

Aluminium pressing with plywood and insulation bonded

to the rear

COMMENCEMENT ON SITE

PRE-START SURVEYPrior to commencement of installation a site survey should be carried out to check whether the site conditions agree with the details and sizes on the approved drawings (this is usually carried out approximately 10 days before site commencement).

The surveyor should arrive at site with a full set of up-to-date, approved drawings along with any measuring devices required.

SITE STORAGEThe surveyor should check that if required a storage area can be provided.

This is usually agreed earlier with sizes and details and is often mentioned in the preambles section of the bill of quantities on larger contracts, in the estimating and design stage. The surveyor should check that the storage area would protect the material from the elements and other construction trades.

OPENINGSUsing the drawings, the surveyor should check that the buildings opening sizes agree with those on the drawings. Check that the openings are plumb, level and square.

If there are any major discrepancies, outside normal tolerances, notify the builder in writing.

FLOOR SLABS / STEELWORKThe surveyor should check that the positions of floor slabs and structural steelwork, agree with the drawings.

SCAFFOLDINGOn site scaffolding is usually provided by the builder, for use by other trades. The surveyor should check that this is the case, at the same time checking its suitability for the contract along with any relevant health and safety requirements.

POWERThe surveyor should check the availability of 110 volt power and sufficient lighting.

LIFTING GEARThe surveyor should check that lifting gear, if required, can be located within easy reach of the curtain wall fixing area.

2.1

DESIGN

PerimeterMullion

PerimeterHead

Transom

IntermediateTransom

PerimeterCill Transom

TYPICAL CURTAIN WALL ELEVATION

PerimeterMullion

PerimeterHead

Transom

PerimeterHead

TransomIntermediate

MullionIntermediate

Mullion

IntermediateTransom

PerimeterCill Transom

MULLION DEFLECTIONBS EN 13830:2003 states that a maximum deflection ratio of length divided by 200 (L/200) or a maximum of 15mm must be used. For example, at a length of 2000mm the maximum allowed deflection would be 10mm (2000mm/200 = 10mm). The L/200 ratio can only be used up to a maximum length of 3000mm (3000mm/200 = 15mm). If the length of the mullion increases beyond 3000mm, then a different ratio must be used to ensure that the mullion

will not deflect beyond the maximum allowed 15mm. For example if the mullion length is 4000mm, the deflection ratio is L/267 (4000mm/267 = 14.98mm). These deflection ratios are shown in the tables on pages 2.2 & 2.3.

TRANSOM DEFLECTIONBS EN 13830:2003 states that a maximum deflection ratio of L/500 or a maximum deflection of 3mm must be used for transom dead loads.

2.2

DESIGN

2.3

DESIGN

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Load width ‘a’ or ‘b’ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900

L/200 2000 7.23 8.32 9.37 10.35 11.28 12.13 12.91 13.62 14.23 14.76 15.20 15.55 15.80

L/200 2100 8.40 9.68 10.91 12.08 13.18 14.21 15.17 16.03 16.81 17.50 18.08 18.57 18.95

L/200 2200 9.68 11.17 12.61 13.98 15.29 16.51 17.66 18.71 19.67 20.53 21.28 21.93 22.46

L/200 2300 11.09 12.81 14.48 16.07 17.60 19.04 20.39 21.65 22.81 23.87 24.81 25.64 26.35

L/200 2400 12.63 14.61 16.52 18.36 20.12 21.80 23.39 24.88 26.26 27.53 28.68 29.72 30.62

L/200 2500 14.31 16.55 18.73 20.84 22.87 24.81 26.65 28.39 30.02 31.53 32.92 34.18 35.30

L/200 2600 16.12 18.67 21.14 23.54 25.86 28.08 30.20 32.22 34.11 35.89 37.53 39.04 40.41

L/200 2700 18.09 20.95 23.74 26.46 29.09 31.62 34.04 36.36 38.55 40.61 42.53 44.32 45.95

L/200 2800 20.20 23.41 26.55 29.60 32.57 35.43 38.19 40.82 43.33 45.71 47.94 50.02 51.95

L/200 2900 22.47 26.05 29.56 32.98 36.31 39.54 42.65 45.63 48.49 51.20 53.77 56.18 58.43

L/200 3000 24.90 28.89 32.79 36.61 40.33 43.94 47.43 50.80 54.03 57.11 60.03 62.80 65.39

L/207 3100 28.42 32.98 37.46 41.84 46.11 50.27 54.31 58.20 61.95 65.55 68.97 72.23 75.29

L/213 3200 32.30 37.50 42.60 47.60 52.50 57.26 61.90 66.38 70.71 74.87 78.86 82.65 86.25

L/220 3300 36.57 42.46 48.25 53.94 59.51 64.95 70.25 75.39 80.36 85.15 89.75 94.15 98.34

L/227 3400 41.24 47.89 54.45 60.89 67.21 73.38 79.41 85.26 90.94 96.43 101.7 106.8 111.6

L/233 3500 46.34 53.83 61.22 68.49 75.62 82.61 89.43 96.07 102.5 108.8 114.8 120.6 126.2

L/240 3600 51.90 60.31 68.60 76.77 84.80 92.66 100.4 107.8 115.2 122.3 129.1 135.7 142.1

L/247 3700 57.95 67.35 76.63 85.78 94.78 103.6 112.3 120.7 128.9 136.9 144.7 152.2 159.5

L/253 3800 64.51 74.99 85.34 95.56 105.6 115.5 125.2 134.6 143.9 152.9 161.6 170.1 178.3

L/260 3900 71.61 83.26 94.77 106.1 117.3 128.4 139.2 149.7 160.1 170.2 180.0 189.6 198.8

L/267 4000 79.28 92.19 104.9 117.6 130.0 142.2 154.3 166.1 177.6 188.9 199.9 210.6

L/273 4100 87.55 101.8 115.9 129.9 143.7 157.3 170.6 183.7 196.5 209.1

L/280 4200 96.45 112.2 127.8 143.2 158.4 173.4 188.2

L/287 4300 106.0 123.3 140.5 157.5 174.2 190.8

L/293 4400 116.3 135.3 154.1 172.7

L/300 4500 127.2 148.0 168.7

L/307 4600 139.0

Can be achieved using SWR650/C with equal mullion centres (Max EIyy value = 80.2)




The maximum possible using SWR611/C with unequal mullion centres (Max EIyy value = 297.6)

LOADSPAN

‘L’

LengthRatio

WIND LOADINGWhen selecting a suitable mullion/transom for the application, a design wind load is required. If a design wind load is not specified, it must be calculated using either BS 6375-1 or BS 6399-2.

TRANSOM/MULLION SELECTIONOnce the design wind load is known, the tables on pages 2.2 and 2.3 can be used to establish the required strength in N.mm². The required strength for every unsupported member of the curtain walling must be worked out, see Fig 2.2

2bb

L

a2a

LIntermediateFixing

FIG 2.2

2aa

b

2.2

DESIGN

2.3

DESIGN

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Load width ‘a’ or ‘b’ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 1550

L/200 2000 15.95 16.00

L/200 2100 19.22 19.39 19.44

L/200 2200 22.88 23.18 23.36 23.42

L/200 2300 26.93 27.39 27.72 27.91 27.98

L/200 2400 31.39 32.03 32.53 32.89 33.10 33.17

L/200 2500 36.28 37.12 37.82 38.36 38.75 38.98 39.06

L/200 2600 41.62 42.69 43.60 44.35 44.94 45.36 45.61 45.69

L/200 2700 47.43 48.75 49.90 50.88 51.69 52.32 52.78 53.05 53.14

L/200 2800 53.71 55.31 56.73 57.97 59.03 59.90 60.58 61.07 61.36 61.46

L/200 2900 60.50 62.40 64.12 65.64 66.98 68.11 69.05 69.78 70.30 70.62 70.72

L/200 3000 67.81 70.04 72.08 73.92 75.55 76.98 78.20 79.20 79.99 80.55 80.88 81.00

L/207 3100 78.17 80.85 83.32 85.57 87.61 89.42 91.00 92.34 93.45 94.31 94.93 95.30 95.43

L/213 3200 89.64 92.82 95.78 98.50 101.0 103.2 105.2 107.0 108.4 109.7 110.6 111.3 111.7

L/220 3300 102.3 106.0 109.5 112.8 115.8 118.5 121.0 123.2 125.1 126.7 128.0 129.1 129.8

L/227 3400 116.2 120.6 124.7 128.5 132.1 135.4 138.4 141.1 143.5 145.6 147.3 148.8 150.0

L/233 3500 131.5 136.6 141.3 145.8 150.0 153.9 157.5 160.8 163.8 166.4 168.7 170.6 172.2

L/240 3600 148.2 154.0 159.5 164.8 169.7 174.3 178.5 182.5 186.0 189.3 192.1 194.6 196.7

L/247 3700 166.4 173.0 179.4 185.4 191.1 196.5 201.5 206.1 210.4 214.3 217.8 220.9

L/253 3800 186.2 193.8 201.0 207.9 214.5 220.7 226.5 231.9

L/260 3900 207.7 216.3 224.5

L/267 4000

L/273 4100

L/280 4200

L/287 4300

L/293 4400

L/300 4500

L/307 4600

REQUIRED RIGIDITY EIyy AT A DESIGN WIND LOAD OF 1200 Pa(BS EN 13830: 2003 STATES THAT A MAXIMUM DEFLECTION OF L/200 OR 15mm MUST BE USED)

L/200 can only be used up to a maximum length of 3000mm - Required ratios are listed in the tables

To determine the total EIyy required, add the respective EI values for the widths ‘a’ & ‘b’

Example: For a span of L= 2600; a = 700mm and b = 900mm Required EIyy = EIyy (a) + EIyy (b) EIyy = 34.11 + 40.41 = 74.52

Therefore SWR650/C (Max EIyy = 80.2) can achieve this value. However, as any transoms attached to the mullion must be the same depth (or smaller) than the mullion, and must achieve the required wind load and dead load for the transom, the transom values must be calculated before finally selecting the required mullion and transom.

LengthRatio

LOADSPAN

‘L’

The tables on page 2.2 and 2.3 have different shaded areas. This can be used as a quick reference to show which mullions and transoms are suitable if specifying equal mullion centres. E.g. If the curtain wall specifies 1200mm centres this means load width ‘a’ & ‘b’ are 600mm. If the distance between fixings is 3000mm, then EIyy = 47.43 for ‘a’ & ‘b’ and SWR670/C is suitable.

The key below the table on page 2.2 shows which mullions and transoms are suitable for different wind loads at various equal mullion centres.

The charts on page 2.4 show which mullions and transoms are suitable at different wind loadings with equal mullion centres.

EIyyThe tables shown are for 1200 Pa. If a different pressure is required e.g. 1600 Pa then EIyy = 1200 x 1600

2.4

DESIGN

2.5

DESIGNWIND LOAD CHARTSThe charts show the maximum allowable centres for mullions and transoms based on equal mullion centres.

The maximum limitation curve for each of the windloads specified is based upon an allowable deflection at the centre of the mullion span being not greater than L/200 with a maximum deflection of 15mm.

When a design windload is not specified it must be calculated using either BS 6375-1 or BS 6399-2.

The windload charts apply to the mullions and transoms in the system shown below.

The curves on the charts represent the limitation of each mullion at various windloads.

Note:When considering a mullion for a particular application, it is important that the windload charts are read in conjunction with the transom dead load information on pages 2.5 - 2.8.

50

70

88

110

CURVE ‘A’SWR650/C

CURVE ‘B’SWR670/C

CURVE ‘C’SWR688/C

CURVE ‘D’SWR611/C

CURVE ‘A’

CURVE ‘B’CURVE ‘C’CURVE ‘D’

SPAN BETWEEN MULLION CENTRES (m)

SPA

N B

ETW

EE

N M

ULL

ION

FIX

ING

CE

NTR

ES

(m)

1 2 3

4

3

2

1

5 WIND LOAD= 1200 Pa.

CURVE ‘A’CURVE ‘B’CURVE ‘C’CURVE ‘D’


SPA

N B

ETW

EE

N M

ULL

ION

FIX

ING

CE

NTR

ES

(m)

1 2 3

4

3

2

1




SPA

N B

ETW

EE

N M

ULL

ION

FIX

ING

CE

NTR

ES

(m)

1 2 3

4

3

2

1


2.4

DESIGN

2.5

DESIGNDEAD LOADSWhen selecting the correct transoms and mullions for the curtain walling, the transom dead loads must be taken into consideration. If a dead load is not specified, it can be calculated using the same method as described in the BPF Code of practice (REF. 323/1), Appendix 5, or any updates subsequent to this manual.

TRANSOM SELECTIONThe easiest way to establish the dead load is to calculate the PVCu window insert area, as though it were all glass. This method assumes that calculating the PVCu window insert area as though it were all glass will mean there is no requirement to include the weight of the PVCu profile, reinforcings and hardware. Using this method the required strength for every unsupported transom member can be worked out (see Fig 2.3).

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - PVCu window insert width in mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

PVC

u w

indo

w in

sert

hei

ght i

n m

m -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - 2000 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.6 2.1 2.7 3.4 4.2 5.0 6.1 7.2 8.5 10.0 11.6 13.3 15.2 17.3

2100 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.7 2.2 2.8 3.6 4.4 5.3 6.4 7.6 9.0 10.5 12.1 14.0 16.0 18.1

2200 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.8 2.3 3.0 3.7 4.6 5.6 6.7 8.0 9.4 11.0 12.7 14.6 16.7 19.0

2300 0.7 1.0 1.4 1.9 2.4 3.1 3.9 4.8 5.8 7.0 8.3 9.8 11.5 13.3 15.3 17.5 19.9

2400 0.7 1.1 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.2 4.1 5.0 6.1 7.3 8.7 10.3 12.0 13.9 16.0 18.2 20.7

2500 0.8 1.1 1.5 2.0 2.6 3.4 4.2 5.2 6.4 7.6 9.1 10.7 12.5 14.4 16.6 19.0 21.6

2600 0.8 1.1 1.6 2.1 2.8 3.5 4.4 5.4 6.6 7.9 9.4 11.1 13.0 15.0 17.3 19.8 22.5

2700 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.2 2.9 3.7 4.6 5.6 6.9 8.2 9.8 11.5 13.4 15.6 17.9 20.5 23.2

2800 0.9 1.2 1.7 2.3 3.0 3.8 4.8 5.9 7.1 8.6 10.2 12.0 14.0 16.2 18.6 21.3 24.2

2900 0.9 1.3 1.8 2.4 3.1 3.9 4.9 6.1 7.4 8.9 10.5 12.4 14.5 16.8 19.3 22.0 25.0

3000 0.9 1.3 1.8 2.4 3.2 4.1 5.1 6.3 7.6 9.2 10.9 12.8 15.0 17.3 19.9 22.8 25.9

3100 0.9 1.4 1.9 2.5 3.3 4.2 5.3 6.5 7.9 9.5 11.3 13.2 15.5 17.9 20.6 23.6 26.8

3200 1.0 1.4 1.9 2.6 3.4 4.3 5.4 6.7 8.1 9.8 11.6 13.7 16.0 18.5 21.3 24.3 27.6

3300 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.7 3.5 4.5 5.6 6.9 8.4 10.1 12.0 14.1 16.5 19.1 22.0 25.1 28.5

3400 1.0 1.5 2.1 2.8 3.6 4.6 5.8 7.1 8.6 10.4 12.3 14.5 17.0 19.6 22.6 25.8 29.4

3500 1.1 1.5 2.1 2.9 3.7 4.7 5.9 7.3 8.9 10.7 12.7 15.0 17.5 20.2 23.3 26.6 30.2

3600 1.1 1.6 2.2 2.9 3.8 4.9 6.1 7.5 9.2 11.0 13.1 15.4 18.0 20.8 23.9 27.4 31.1

3700 1.1 1.6 2.3 3.0 3.9 5.0 6.3 7.7 9.4 11.3 13.4 15.8 18.5 21.4 24.6 28.1 32.0

3800 1.2 1.7 2.3 3.1 4.0 5.2 6.4 7.9 9.7 11.6 13.8 16.2 19.0 22.0 25.3 28.9 32.8

3900 1.2 1.7 2.4 3.2 4.1 5.3 6.6 8.2 9.9 11.9 14.2 16.7 19.5 22.5 25.9 29.6 33.7

4000 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.3 4.3 5.4 6.8 8.4 10.2 12.2 14.5 17.1 19.9 23.1 26.6 30.4 34.6

Double glazing 4/20/4 Weight = 201 N/m²

Can be achieved using SWR650/C (Max EIxx value = 19.4)




EIxx = ------------------- x (3 x l² - 4 x a²) f = maximum deflection (3mm)gw = glass weight (N/m²)h = height of sealed unit (mm)l = length of sealed unit (mm)a = centre of support blocks (150mm)

48 x fgw x h x l x a

h =

heig

ht o

f sea

led

unit

l = length of sealed unit

a a

a a

glassweight

glassweight

FIG 2.3

support block support block

2.6

DESIGN

2.7

DESIGNREQUIRED RIGIDITY EIxx AT VARIOUS DEAD LOADS

(BS EN 13830: 2003 STATES THAT A MAXIMUM DEFLECTION OF L/500 OR 3mm MUST BE USED)

To determine the EIxx value required, use the calculation shown on page 2.5.

Example: Sealed Unit (6/16/6) gw = 301 N/m² h = 3200mm l = 1900mm

Calculation: 301 N/m² x 3200 x 1900 x 150 48 x 3

2745.12 144

EIyy = 19.06 x 1.074 = 20.47

Therefore SWR670/C (Max EIxx = 25.6) can achieve this value. However, as any transoms attached to a mullion must be the same depth (or smaller) than the mullion, and must achieve the required wind load and dead load, the transom values must be calculated before finally selecting the required mullion and transom.

Double glazing 6/16/6 Weight = 301 N/m² - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - PVCu window insert width in mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

PVC

u w

indo

w in

sert

hei

ght i

n m

m -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - 2000 0.9 1.3 1.8 2.4 3.2 4.1 5.1 6.2 7.6 9.1 10.9 12.8 14.9 17.3 19.9 22.8 25.9

2100 1.0 1.4 2.0 2.6 3.3 4.3 5.3 6.6 8.0 9.6 11.4 13.4 15.7 18.2 20.9 23.9 27.2

2200 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.7 3.5 4.5 5.6 6.9 8.4 10.0 12.0 14.1 16.4 19.0 21.9 25.0 28.5

2300 1.1 1.5 2.1 2.8 3.7 4.7 5.8 7.2 8.8 10.5 12.5 14.7 17.2 19.9 22.9 26.2 29.8

2400 1.1 1.6 2.2 2.9 3.8 4.9 6.1 7.5 9.1 11.0 13.0 15.4 17.9 20.8 23.9 27.3 31.0

2500 1.1 1.7 2.3 3.0 4.0 5.1 6.3 7.8 9.5 11.4 13.6 16.0 18.7 21.6 24.9 28.4 32.3

2600 1.2 1.7 2.4 3.2 4.1 5.3 6.6 8.1 9.9 11.9 14.1 16.6 19.4 22.5 25.9 29.6 33.6

2700 1.2 1.8 2.5 3.3 4.3 5.5 6.9 8.5 10.3 12.3 14.7 17.3 20.1 23.4 26.9 30.7 34.9

2800 1.3 1.8 2.6 3.4 4.5 5.7 7.1 8.8 10.7 12.8 15.2 17.9 20.9 24.2 27.9 31.9 36.2

2900 1.3 1.9 2.6 3.5 4.6 5.9 7.4 9.1 11.0 13.3 15.8 18.6 21.7 25.1 28.9 33.0 37.5

3000 1.4 2.0 2.7 3.7 4.8 6.1 7.6 9.4 11.4 13.7 16.3 19.2 22.4 26.0 29.9 34.1 38.8

3100 1.4 2.0 2.8 3.8 4.9 6.3 7.9 9.7 11.8 14.2 16.8 19.8 23.2 26.8 30.9 35.3

3200 1.5 2.1 2.9 3.9 5.1 6.5 8.1 10.0 12.2 14.6 17.4 20.5 23.9 27.7 31.9 36.4

3300 1.5 2.2 3.0 4.0 5.3 6.7 8.4 10.3 12.6 15.1 17.9 21.1 24.6 28.6 32.8 37.5

3400 1.6 2.2 3.1 4.1 5.4 6.9 8.6 10.6 12.9 15.6 18.5 21.8 25.4 29.4 33.8 38.7

3500 1.6 2.3 3.2 4.3 5.6 7.1 8.9 11.0 13.3 16.0 19.0 22.4 26.1 30.3 34.8 39.8

3600 1.7 2.4 3.3 4.4 5.7 7.3 9.1 11.3 13.7 16.5 19.6 23.1 26.9 31.1 35.8

3700 1.7 2.4 3.4 4.5 5.9 7.5 9.4 11.6 14.1 16.9 20.1 23.7 27.6 32.0 36.8

3800 1.7 2.5 3.5 4.6 6.0 7.7 9.7 11.9 14.5 17.4 20.7 24.3 28.4 32.8 37.8

3900 1.8 2.6 3.6 4.8 6.2 7.9 9.9 12.2 14.8 17.8 21.2 25.0 29.1 33.7 38.8

4000 1.8 2.6 3.7 4.9 6.4 8.1 10.1 12.5 15.2 18.3 21.7 25.6 29.9 34.6 39.8

The tables on pages 2.5 and 2.6 have different shaded areas. This can be used as a quick reference to show which transoms are suitable for different dead loads.E.G. If the PVCu window insert is 2000mm wide and 3000mm high using 6/16/6 double glazed units, then EIxx = 22.4. By using the table, SWR670/C is suitable. However, the wind load value must also be taken into consideration.

The key below the table on page 2.5 shows which transoms are suitable for different dead loads at various PVCu window insert sizes.

The charts on page 2.7 show which transoms are suitable for different glass specifications.

Page 2.8 shows the dead load and wind load properties for each curtain walling section.

x (3 x 1900² - 4 x 150²)

x (1.083 - 0.009)

2.6

DESIGN

2.7

DESIGNDEAD LOAD CHARTSThe charts show the maximum allowable lengths for transoms based on various mullion centres.

The maximum limitation curve for each of the dead loads specified is based upon an allowable deflection of the transom span being not greater than L/500 with a maximum deflection of 3mm.

When a dead load is not specified the relevant factors contained in the calculations in the BPF Code of practice (REF. 323/1), Appendix 5, will apply in assessing the dead load.

The dead load charts apply to the mullions and transoms in the system shown below.

The curves on the charts represent the limitation of each transom at various dead loads.

Note:When considering a transom for a particular application, it is important that the dead load charts are read in conjunction with the transom wind load information on pages 2.2 - 2.4.

50

70

88

110

CURVE ‘A’SWR650/C

CURVE ‘B’SWR670/C

CURVE ‘C’SWR688/C

CURVE ‘D’SWR611/C

CURVE ‘A’

CURVE ‘B’CURVE ‘C’

CURVE ‘D’

SPAN BETWEEN MULLION CENTRES (m)S

PAN

BE

TWE

EN

TR

AN

SO

M F

IXIN

G C

EN

TRE

S (m

)1 2 3

4

3

2

1

5 GLASS SPEC= 4/20/4



SPA

N B

ETW

EE

N T

RA

NS

OM

FIX

ING

CE

NTR

ES

(m)

1 2 3

4

3

2

1

5 GLASS SPEC= 6/16/6

2.8

DESIGN

3.1

PRODUCT GUIDE

DEAD LOAD PROPERTIES

WIND LOAD PROPERTIESILLUSTRATION

SWR650/C

SWR670/C

SWR688/C

SWR611/C

EIxx (x10 N.mm²)9 EIyy (x10 N.mm²)9

X

Y

X

Y

X

Y

X

Y

X

Y

X

Y

X

Y

X

Y

19.4 80.2

128.0

188.6

297.6

25.6

32.1

40.0

DEAD LOADS & WIND LOADINGThe Eixx and EIyy values for the curtain walling members are shown in the table below. To select the correct mullion or transom for each member see pages 2.1 - 2.7

2.8

DESIGN

3.1

PRODUCT GUIDE

TRANSOM/MULLION

POCKET FILLER

TRANSOM/MULLION AND POCKET FILLER

SWR650/C SWR670/C

SWR688/C SWR611/C

62

6950

119

62

7069

139

SWR603 SWR673

62

157

6988

62

6911

0

179

28.528.5

65 73

3.2

PRODUCT GUIDE

3.3

PRODUCT GUIDEFACE CAPS, PRESSURE PLATES & EXPANSION SLEEVES

ALUMINIUMVERTICAL

EXPANSION SLEEVES

(200mm)

PRESSURE PLATES

PVCuFACE CAPS

SW600MCC

650002 650001

650051 650071

650089 650111

61

18 24

61

56 56

55.5 55.5

55.5 55.5

42.461.8

79.299.8

3.2

PRODUCT GUIDE

3.3

PRODUCT GUIDETRANSOM BLOCKS, FACE CAP SLEEVE AND ANCILLARIES

42.562

79.5100.5

650050 650070 650088 650110

TRANSOM BLOCKS

FACE CAP EXPANSION

SLEEVE

SCREWS(note : screws are

not stocked by Spectus)

THERMAL BREAK AND

GASKETS

FRAME SETTING BLOCK

DRILLING JIGS

SW601

(TYPE 1)10 x 1⁄2”

posi pan self tap

(TYPE 2)10 x 11⁄4”

posi c/sk self tap

(TYPE 3)8 x 1⁄2”

posi c/sk self tap

(TYPE 4)12 x 20 hex head

‘B’ self tap

654001 105240/T 900570

655000

653001 653000

Screws are referred to throughout this manual as the following types:-

4.1

ESTIMATIONRECEIPT OF ENQUIRY/DRAWINGS

On receipt of an enquiry, the first task should be to determine if the contract is both feasible and practical.

On larger contracts the drawings may be accompanied by a bill of quantities. Check through the drawings and bill of quantities and determine the following:-

(a) overall style and design

(b) design wind pressure

(c) perimeter details

(d) position of floor slabs/steel to determine if intermediate tie backs are required.

(e) PVC-U window insert design

(f) hardware for window inserts

(g) glazing requirements

(h) special conditions

(i) that drawings and bill of quantities contain the same specifications.

Sometimes sectional details are not satisfactory in that they do not always show clearly the position of the tie backs. In these instances the estimator may have to assume positions of floors and steelwork etc, in order to cost for brackets and to establish which mullions and transoms to use. Details regarding the selection of the correct mullions and transoms are contained in section 2, design. The estimator should clearly state in the quotation exactly what is included and the reasons.

Note: Design windload, if not already in the specification, should be obtained from either the architect or structural engineer for the contract.

TRANSOMS & MULLIONSOnce the correct transoms and mullions have been identified, the estimator must include several other components. These can vary depending upon whether the transom or mullion is an intermediate transom/mullion or a perimeter transom/mullion and the frame depth of the PVCu window inserts. Pages 4.2 - 4.5 give details on what should be included in the quotation.

TIE BACKSThe estimator should include steel fixing brackets to tie back to the structure.

Regardless of whether the brackets are tied back to structural steel or pre-cast concrete floor slabs, the size of bracket will vary to suit site conditions.

The brackets should be mild steel with a heavy coat of zinc chromate sheradized, galvanized. and painted with a bituminous paint to avoid electrolytic contact with the aluminium mullions.

The brackets are attached to the mullion with two stainless steel bolts. The brackets are then fixed to the structural steel using stainless steel bolts, or bolted into the concrete floor slabs using special masonry bolts (see Fig 4.1)

If tie backs are required the estimator should include the following, to act as a fixing back up sleeve, per tie back position:-

1 No. expansion sleeve (650051/071/089/111)

4 No. expansion sleeve screws (TYPE 3)

Brackets and bolts are not available from Spectus and are to be sourced by the fabricator from alternative suppliers.

The architect or structural engineer involved in the contract should be able to give details on brackets and bolts. Alternatively, if no details are available from the architect or engineer, advice can be offered to the fabricator in the selection of the bolts and the design of the tie back brackets by the Spectus Technical Department.

Fig. 4.1

4.2

ESTIMATION

4.3

ESTIMATION

PressurePlateScrew

TYPE 4

PVCuFaceCapMCC

AluminiumPressure

Plate650002

70mmPocketFiller

SWR673

PressureGasket

105240/T

Tran

som

SW

R65

0/C

SW

R67

0/C

SW

R68

8/C

SW

R61

1/C

ButylTape

900570

70mm ProfilesHead & Cill Perimeter Transom

For each perimeter transom include the followingDescription Part No. Requirements

transom to suit requirements mullion centres - 62

butyl glazing tape 900570 transom length

pressure gasket 105240 transom length x 2

70mm pocket filler SWR673 transom length

thermal break 654001 transom length

aluminium pressure plate 650002 transom length

PVCu face cap MCC transom length

pressure plate screw TYPE 4 6 per metre + 1

PressureGasket

105240/T

ThermalBreak

65400150mm

70mm

88mm

110mm

PressurePlateScrew

TYPE 4

PVCuFaceCapMCC

AluminiumPressure

Plate650002

PressureGasket

105240/T

Tran

som

SW

R65

0/C

SW

R67

0/C

SW

R68

8/C

SW

R61

1/C

ButylTape

900570

70mm ProfilesIntermediate Transom

For each intermediate transom include the followingDescription Part No. Requirements


butyl glazing tape 900570 transom length x 2






PressureGasket

105240/T

ThermalBreak

65400150mm

70mm

88mm

110mm

ButylTape

900570

4.2

ESTIMATION

4.3

ESTIMATION

ButylTape

900570

70mm ProfilesPerimeter Mullion

70mm ProfilesIntermediate Mullion

TransomSWR650/C

SWR670/C

SWR688/C

SWR611/C

50m

m

70m

m

88m

m

110m

m

TransomSWR650/C

SWR670/C

SWR688/C

SWR611/C

50m

m

70m

m

88m

m

110m

m

ButylTape

900570

ButylTape

900570

PressureGasket

105240/T

ThermalBreak

654001

AluminiumPressure Plate

650002Pressure

PlateScrew

TYPE 4

PVCuFace CapSW600

PVCuFace CapSW600

PressurePlateScrew

TYPE 4


650002

ThermalBreak

654001

PressureGasket

105240/T

PressureGasket

105240/T

PressureGasket

105240/T

For each perimeter mullion include the followingDescription Part No. Requirements

mullion to suit requirements opening - tolerances

butyl glazing tape 900570 mullion length

pressure gasket 105240 mullion length x 2

70mm pocket filler SWR673 mullion length

thermal break 654001 mullion length

aluminium pressure plate 650002 mullion length

PVCu face cap SW600 mullion length


70mmPocketFiller

SWR673

For each intermediate mullion include the followingDescription Part No. Requirements


butyl glazing tape 900570 mullion length x 2






4.4

ESTIMATION

4.5

ESTIMATION

PressurePlateScrew

TYPE 4

PVCuFaceCapMCC

AluminiumPressure

Plate650001

62/63mmPocketFiller

SWR603

PressureGasket

105240/T

Tran

som

SW

R65

0/C

SW

R67

0/C

SW

R68

8/C

SW

R61

1/C

ButylTape

900570

63mm ProfilesHead & Cill Perimeter Transom

For each perimeter transom include the followingDescription Part No. Requirements


butyl glazing tape 900570 transom length


62/63mm pocket filler SWR603 transom length





PressureGasket

105240/T

ThermalBreak

65400150mm

70mm

88mm

110mm

PressurePlateScrew

TYPE 4

PVCuFaceCapMCC

AluminiumPressure

Plate650001

PressureGasket

105240/T

Tran

som

SW

R65

0/C

SW

R67

0/C

SW

R68

8/C

SW

R61

1/C

ButylTape

900570

63mm ProfilesIntermediate Transom

For each intermediate transom include the followingDescription Part No. Requirements


butyl glazing tape 900570 transom length x 2






PressureGasket

105240/T

ThermalBreak

65400150mm

70mm

88mm

110mm

ButylTape

900570

4.4

ESTIMATION

4.5

ESTIMATION

ButylTape

900570

63mm ProfilesPerimeter Mullion

63mm ProfilesIntermediate Mullion

TransomSWR650/C

SWR670/C

SWR688/C

SWR611/C

50m

m

70m

m

88m

m

110m

m

TransomSWR650/C

SWR670/C

SWR688/C

SWR611/C

50m

m

70m

m

88m

m

110m

m

ButylTape

900570

ButylTape

900570

PressureGasket

105240/T

ThermalBreak

654001


650001Pressure

PlateScrew

TYPE 4

PVCuFace CapSW600

PVCuFace CapSW600

PressurePlateScrew

TYPE 4


650001

ThermalBreak

654001

PressureGasket

105240/T

PressureGasket

105240/T

PressureGasket

105240/T

For each perimeter mullion include the followingDescription Part No. Requirements


butyl glazing tape 900570 mullion length


62/63mm pocket filler SWR603 mullion length





62/63mmPocketFiller

SWR603

For each intermediate mullion include the followingDescription Part No. Requirements


butyl glazing tape 900570 mullion length x 2






4.6

ESTIMATION

4.7

ESTIMATIONVERTICAL EXPANSION JOINTSIn cases where the curtain wall frame spans 6m or more than one floor vertically, a vertical expansion sleeve is used. This slides into the top of the lower mullion and is fixed in position. The upper mullion then slides over the sleeve and a 6mm gap is left for expansion. The joint is then sealed with silicone (see Fig 4.2).

ALUMINIUM CILL PRESSINGAllowance shall be made for an aluminium cill pressing, to run the full width of the curtain walling grid (see Fig 4.4). The size of the pressing may vary to suit the different site conditions.Note: In order to accomodate the drainage requirements of the curtain walling system, the cill transom must be the same depth as the mullion.

INTERNAL/EXTERNAL CORNERSThe estimator should include for Aluminium pressings, plywood, insulation and treated hardwood timber battens along with any other internal trims or covers that may be required at all internal and external corners (see Fig 4.5)

Fixi

ng

Fig 4.4

Aluminiumpressing

FloorSlab

BeddingCompound

Aluminium pressingwith plywood and insulation bonded

to the rear

Aluminium pressingwith plywood and insulation bonded

to the rear

EXTERNAL CORNER

Fig 4.5

INTERNAL CORNER

Care must be taken to ensure the joints of the mullion, thermal break, pressure plate and face cap are staggered. A 6mm gap must be left between the pressure plate ends, which must be sealed with silicone (see Fig 4.3). Where a face cap joint occurs, a back up sleeve (SW601) is utilised (see Fig 4.3)

The estimator should include the following per vertical expansion joint:-

1 No. expansion sleeve (650051/071/089/111)

4 No. expansion sleeve screws (TYPE 3)

1 No. face cap back up sleeve (SW601)

Silicone sealant

Verticalexpansion

sleeve

Siliconesealjoint

6mm

Fig 4.2

StaggeredPressure

platejoint

StaggeredFace cap

joint

Mullionjoint

Fig 4.3

4.6

ESTIMATION

4.7

ESTIMATIONHORIZONTAL EXPANSION JOINTSIn cases where the curtain wall spans more than 6m, the architect may specify a horizontal expansion joint. Horizontal expansion joints do not require any extra components for estimation purposes.

SUNDRIES

Finally, the estimator should take the following into account when compiling the quotation.

PERIMETER FIXINGSThese should be a minimum of No. 12 stainless steel screws used at 600mm centres (depending on site requirements).

SEALANTSAll silicones for aluminium to aluminium joints must be of low modulus type. For perimeter seals consult the architect for the specification.

WINDOW FRAME SETTING BLOCKSAllow 2 No. frame setting blocks (655000) per transom.

LOW TACK PROTECTION TAPEA low tack protection tape is required to protect all visible paint surfaces.

Spectus do not stock low tack protection tapes, they can be bought direct from UK Industrial Tapes Ltd, Unit A Station Approach, Earls Way, Team Valley Trading Estate, Gateshead, Tyne & Wear. NE11 0ZF - Tel: 0191 487 3255

SITE CONSIDERATIONSAlthough scaffolding, site storage, lifting gear, etc may not incur cost, the estimator should take them into consideration and check supply.

SCREWSSpectus do not stock curtain walling screws. They can be bought direct from RapierStar Ltd, Buxton Road, Bosley, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK11 0PS - Tel: 0870 3003313

PVCu WINDOW INSERTSThe size and design of the PVCu window inserts should be checked using the technical manual for the window system specified. The dimensions of any projecting hardware used on the windows should be checked to ensure that the windows can be installed into the curtain walling grid, or whether frame packers will be required (See Fig. 6.2, page 6.1)

The drawings below indicate the various designs of windows that can be manufactured from each of the window systems available.

Fixed Light Top Hung Casement

Side Hung Casement

*Fully Reversible

Tilt & Turn Window

*Note : The fully reversible window can only be manufactured using the Sightline 70+ window system.

SCREW IDENTIFICATION TABLE

TYPE LOCATION DESCRIPTION RAPIERSTAR

TYPE 1 Transom Block Fixing

10 x 1⁄2” Posi pan self tap FST 10 x 1/2 S

TYPE 2 Transom Fixing

10 x 11⁄4” Posi c/sk self tap GST 10 x 11⁄4 S

TYPE 3 Pocket Filler Fixing

8 x 1⁄2” Posic/sk self tap GST 8 x 1/2 S

TYPE 4 Pressure Plate Fixing

12 x 20 Hex Head ‘B’ self tap

Hex head B point self tap 6.3 x 20 S

5.1

DETAIL SHEETSDESIGN CRITERIAThe details on the following pages are based around the overlaps and clearances shown below.

3.0 3.0

12.0

18.5

5.2

DETAIL SHEETS

5.3

DETAIL SHEETSTypical curtain walling profiles are shown for illustration purposes only. Refer to section 2, design, to determine curtain walling application.

Typical window profiles and reinforcements are shown for illustration purposes only. Refer to the product technical manual to determine application.

51.5

61

FULL SIZE

654001

6251

SWR650/C

SWR673

650002

MCC

B50B03

70mm PROFILES

5.2

DETAIL SHEETS

5.3

DETAIL SHEETSFULL SIZE

51.5

61

654001

6251

SWR650/C

650002

MCC

B50B03

51.5 51

B03 B50

70mm PROFILES

5.4

DETAIL SHEETS

5.5


51.5 61

6251

SWR670/C

SWR673

650002

SW600

B50

B03

70mm PROFILES

5.4

DETAIL SHEETS

5.5


51.5 61

6251

SWR670/C

650002

SW600

B50

B03 B03

B50

51

51.5

70mm PROFILES

5.6

DETAIL SHEETS

5.7

DETAIL SHEETSFULL SIZE63mm PROFILES

51.5

61

654001

6251

SWR650/C

SWR603

6500

01

MCC

A50A03

5.6

DETAIL SHEETS

5.7

DETAIL SHEETSFULL SIZE63mm PROFILES

51.5

61

654001

6251

SWR650/C

6500

01

MCC

A50A03

A03 A50

51.5 51

5.8

DETAIL SHEETS

5.9

DETAIL SHEETS

51.5 61

6251

SWR670/C

SWR603

650001

SW600

A50

A03

FULL SIZE63mm PROFILES

5.8

DETAIL SHEETS

5.9

DETAIL SHEETS

51.5 61

6251

SWR670/C

650001

SW600

A50

A03

51

51.5

A03

A50

FULL SIZE63mm PROFILES

6.1

CUTTING CALCULATIONSPROFILESThe tables and calculated examples on pages 6.3 - 6.5 cover curtain walling with the following characteristics : SWR650/C - 119mm Deep Transom/Mullion. SWR670/C - 139mm Deep Transom/Mullion. SWR688/C - 157mm Deep Transom/Mullion. SWR611/C - 179mm Deep Transom/Mullion. SWR603 - 63mm Pocket Filler. SWR673 - 70mm Pocket Filler. MCC - Horizontal PVCu Face Cap. SW600 - Vertical PVCu Face Cap. 650001 - 63mm Pressure Plate. 650002 - 70mm Pressure Plate Frame clearance 6mm. (see fig. 6.1)

CRITERIABasic dimensions for manufacturing calculations are : - Overall curtain wall size. - Top left corner of outer jamb to the centre line of the first transom. - Centre to centre distances of transoms where more than one is required. - Top left corner of outer jamb to the centre line of the first mullion. - Centre to centre distances of mullions where more than one is required.

FRAME PACKERSFrame packers can be fitted to the windows within the curtain walling and are sometimes required to ensure correct operation of the hardware and openers. Allow for these when deriving basic dimensions for window manufacturing (see fig. 6.2)

EXPANSION JOINTSWhere required, cutting sizes for vertical mullions and horizontal transoms can include an expansion joint allowance of 6mm between mullions (see page 11.5).

DEDUCTIONSThe tables on pages 6.3 - 6.5 show the amounts to be subtracted from the basic dimensions. This will give the correct bar lengths for fabrication and the correct window insert sizes allowing clearance for frame setting blocks.

WINDOW INSERTSSizes given for window inserts are for finished outer frame sizes, including frame packers if required. Refer to the selected window system technical manual for cutting calculations for the particular window style required.

WINDOW REINFORCEMENTReinforcement requirements for the window style required are contained in the technical manual for the window system. However, window inserts in curtain walling may be subjected to greater wind-loads than usual.It is essential to check with the architect or engineer if any specific wind-load is required.

6mm

FR

AM

E

CLE

AR

AN

CE

Fig. 6.1

Fig. 6.2

20m

m F

RA

ME

PA

CK

ER

HINGEFIXING

6.2

CUTTING CALCULATIONS

6.3

CUTTING CALCULATIONSDATUMFig 6.3 details how the tables and examples on pages 6.3 - 6.5 relate to the profiles.

EXAMPLESThe examples on page 6.4 - 6.5 show the cutting sizes for a typical curtain wall contract.

TRANSOMS & MULLIONSIn Fig 6.3, the details for transoms are the same as for mullions.For example, the details for end mullion to mullion are the same as for head transom or cill transom to transom.

END MULLION TO END MULLION

END MULLION TO MULLION

MULLION TO MULLION

WINDOW INSERT DIMENSION

DIMENSION FOR ALLOWANCE





CL

CLCL

Fig 6.3

DATUM REFERENCE POINTS

6.2


6.3


CUTTING SIZES FOR ALUMINIUM TRANSOMS

BETWEEN SECTIONS DEDUCTIONEND MULLION TO END MULLION - 124

END MULLION TO MULLION - 93

MULLION TO MULLION - 62

CUTTING SIZES FOR ALUMINIUMPERIMETER POCKET FILLERSBETWEEN SECTIONS DEDUCTION

END MULLION TO END MULLION - 124



CUTTING SIZES FOR ALUMINIUM PRESSURE PLATES




CUTTING SIZES FOR PVCuFACE CAPS




CUTTING SIZES FOR PVCuWINDOW INSERTS




HORIZONTAL MEMBERSThe tables below show cutting calculations for horizontal members within curtain walling. The tables do not make any allowances for horizontal expansion joints (see page 11.11).

VERTICAL MEMBERS

ALUMINIUM MULLIONSAll vertical mullions should be cut to the site opening size minus tolerances and expansion joints if required (see page 11.5). All other components should be cut to the mullion length. If vertical expansion joints are required, the pressure plates and PVCu face caps should be cut to length to suit the position of the joint in the aluminium mullion (see page 11.10).

PVCu WINDOW INSERTSThe vertical deductions for PVCu window inserts are the same as the horizontal deductions for PVCu window inserts.

6.4


6.5

CUTTING CALCULATIONSTYPICAL SINGLE LEVEL

CURTAIN WALLING EXAMPLEW

U V XY

Z

H

MAIN PROFILE CUTTING CALCULATIONSQuantity Bar Calculation

4 No. SWR670/C H2 No. SWR670/C U - 931 No. SWR650/C U - 932 No. SWR670/C V - 621 No. SWR650/C V - 622 No. SWR670/C X - 931 No. SWR650/C X - 93

ALUMINIUM PERIMETER POCKET FILLER CUTTING CALCULATIONS

Quantity Bar Calculation2 No. SWR673 H2 No. SWR673 U - 932 No. SWR673 V - 622 No. SWR673 X - 93

PERIMETER

WINDOW INSERT

MULLION

TRANSOM

SWR670/C

70mm SYSTEM

SWR670/C

SWR650/C

4

1

5

2

6

3

PVCu WINDOW INSERTCUTTING CALCULATIONS

Panel 1 Panel 2 Panel 3Width=U-55 Width=V-24 Width=X-55Height=Y-55 Height=Y-55 Height=Y-55

Panel 4 Panel 5 Panel 6Width=U-55 Width=V-24 Width=X-55Height=Z-55 Height=Z-55 Height=Z-55

ALUMINIUM PRESSURE PLATECUTTING CALCULATIONS

Quantity Bar Calculation 4 No. 650002 H3 No. 650002 U - 963 No. 650002 V - 653 No. 650002 X - 96

PVCu FACE CAPSCUTTING CALCULATIONS

Quantity Bar Calculation 4 No. SW600 H3 No. MCC U - 953 No. MCC V - 643 No. MCC X - 95

Note: The perimeter main profiles and the mullions must be the same section. Transom profiles can also be the same section or a smaller section for aesthetic purposes, providing they are suitable for the required wind loads and dead loads (see pages 2.1 - 2.8).

Note: PVCu window insert calculations are for finished outer frame sizes. Refer to the selected window system technical manual for cutting calculations for the particular window style required.

6.4


6.5

CUTTING CALCULATIONSTYPICAL MULTIPLE LEVEL

CURTAIN WALLING EXAMPLE

PERIMETER

WINDOW INSERT

MULLION

TRANSOM

SWR611/C

63mm SYSTEM

SWR611/C

SWR688/C

Z

Q

1

R S T

YX

VU

2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16

17 18 19 20

PVCu WINDOW INSERT CUTTING CALCULATIONS

Panel 1 Panel 2 Panel 3 Panel 4Width=Q-55 Width=R-24 Width=S-24 Width=T-55

Height=Z-55 Height=Z-55 Height=Z-55 Height=Z-55


Height=Y-24 Height=Y-24 Height=Y-24 Height=Y-24


Height=X-24 Height=X-24 Height=X-24 Height=X-24


Height=V-24 Height=V-24 Height=V-24 Height=V-24


Height=U-55 Height=U-55 Height=U-55 Height=U-55

PVCu FACE CAPSCUTTING CALCULATIONS

Quantity Bar Calculation 5 No. SW600 H*

6 No. MCC Q - 95

6 No. MCC R - 64

6 No. MCC S - 64

6 No. MCC T - 95

W

H

MAIN PROFILE CUTTING CALCULATIONSQuantity Bar Calculation

5 No. SWR611/C H*

2 No. SWR611/C Q - 93

4 No. SWR688/C Q - 93

2 No. SWR611/C R - 62

4 No. SWR688/C R - 62

2 No. SWR611/C S - 62

4 No. SWR688/C S - 62

2 No. SWR611/C T - 93

4 No. SWR688/C T - 93

ALUMINIUM PERIMETER POCKET FILLER CUTTING CALCULATIONS

Quantity Bar Calculation2 No. SWR603 H*

2 No. SWR603 Q - 93

2 No. SWR603 R - 62

2 No. SWR603 S - 62

2 No. SWR603 T - 93

ALUMINIUM PRESSURE PLATECUTTING CALCULATIONS

Quantity Bar Calculation 5 No. 650001 H*

6 No. 650001 Q - 96

6 No. 650001 R - 65

6 No. 650001 S - 65

6 No. 650001 T - 96

* - In cases where the curtain wall frame spans 6m or more than one floor vertically, a vertical expansion sleeve is used and a 6mm gap left for expansion (see pages 4.6, 11.5 & 11.10)

7.1

HANDLING & STORAGEALUMINIUM SECTIONS

Aluminium sections should be stored on racks on a firm base with supports at a maximum of 1 metre centres.

When removing sections from boxes, open the box fully to avoid scratching. Do not pull out sections from part opened boxes.

Prior to cutting and preparation, it is recommended that all paint finished surfaces of aluminium sections are covered with a low tack protective tape. This will minimise damage that may be caused during manufacture, transportation and installation.

GASKETS AND ANCILLARIES

Gaskets and ancillaries should be stored in their plastic bags or boxes until ready for use.

PVCu FACE CAPS

PVCu profiles should be stored on racks on a firm base with supports at a maximum of 1 metre centres.

After cutting it is recommended all exposed surfaces of PVCu face caps are covered with a low tack protective tape. This will minimise damage that may be caused during transportation and installation.

PVCu WINDOW INSERTS

Refer to the the selected window system technical manual for guidance on handling and storage for PVCu window inserts.

LOW TACK PROTECTIVE TAPE

Spectus do not stock low tack protective tapes, however they can be bought direct from UK Industrial Tapes Ltd, Unit A Station Approach, Earls Way, Team Valley Trading Estate, Gateshead, Tyne & Wear. NE11 0ZFTel No: 0191 487 3255

8.1

MULLION & TRANSOM PREPARATIONPERIMETER MULLION/TRANSOM AND ALUMINIUM DOOR SURROUND

SWR603/SWR673 POCKET FILLER

The pocket filler can only be fitted to perimeter transoms and aluminium door heads after the transoms have been assembled.

Apply a silicone seal along the serrated face on the external side of the perimeter mullion or transom (see Fig. 8.1).

Mark and drill 3.75mm dia holes through the mullion/transom into the pocket filler at 30mm from each end of the mullion/transom and at maximum 600mm centres. Countersink the holes in the mullion/transom (see Fig. 8.3).

Locate the required pocket filler (SWR603 for 63mm frames or SWR673 for 70mm frames) in position on the external side of the perimeter mullion or transom (see Fig. 8.2).

SiliconeSeal

Fig. 8.1

Fig. 8.2

SWR603/SWR673PocketFiller

Fig. 8.3

600

max

600

max

600

max

3030

Silicone seal the countersinks in the mullion/transom and fix the pocket filler to the mullion/transom with TYPE 3 fixing screws (see Fig. 8.4).

SiliconeSeal

Countersinks

Fig. 8.4After the pocket filler has been fixed, and any transoms fixed and dismantled, the perimeter mullions/transoms should have a low tack tape applied to all visible faces for protection during transportation and installation.

8.2

MULLION & TRANSOM PREPARATION

9.1

MECHANICAL JOINTSMULLION PREPARATION

TIE BACK - FIXING BACK-UP SLEEVE

Mark the centre line of the tie back position on the mullion. Drill and countersink a 3.75mm dia hole 102mm below the centre line of the tie back position. Insert a TYPE 3 fixing screw ensuring the screw head is flush with the mullion face (see Fig. 8.5).

MULLION PREPARATION

VERTICAL EXPANSION JOINT

Insert the vertical expansion sleeve (650051/071/089/111) 100mm down the top of the mullion so 100mm of sleeve protrudes from the top of the mullion. Drill and countersink a 3.75mm dia hole, 25mm and 75mm below the top of the mullion, through the mullion and expansion sleeve. Silicone seal the countersinks and fix the expansion sleeve with TYPE 3 fixing screws ensuring the screw head is flush with the mullion face (see Fig. 8.7).

Centre

line

102

Fig. 8.5

Silicone Seal Countersinks

Centre

line

7575

Fig. 8.6

Insert the fixing back-up sleeve (650051/071/089/111) down the mullion until it rests on the screw. Drill and countersink a 3.75mm dia hole, 75mm above and below the centre line of the tie back position, through the mullion and back-up sleeve. Silicone seal the countersinks and fix the back-up sleeve with TYPE 3 fixing screws ensuring the screw head is flush with the mullion face (see Fig. 8.6).

FixingBack-upSleeve

VerticalExpansion

Sleeve


2575

100

100

After any fixing back-up sleeves or vertical expansion joints have been fixed, and any transoms fixed and dismantled, the mullions/transoms should have a low tack tape applied to all visible faces for protection during transportation and installation.

Fig. 8.7

8.2

MULLION & TRANSOM PREPARATION

9.1

MECHANICAL JOINTSMECHANICAL JOINT PREP DETAIL - 650050 & 650070 TRANSOM BLOCKS

Tran

som

Cen

tres

Tran

som

Cen

tres

3131

Mul

lion

Leng

th

Mul

lion

Leng

th31

Tran

som

Cen

tres

Tran

som

Cen

tres

31

SWR650/C SWR670/C

SWR650/C MULLION SWR670/C MULLION

Using the 653000 drilling jig, drill the required number of 4.2mm dia holes as shown above.

Preparation shown for intermediate mullions. Holes only required in one side for perimeter mullions.

16.5 20 16.5 20 20

HEAD

CILL


Note: Double check the number of holes required for intermediate transoms, as these may not be the same as the perimeter

9.2

MECHANICAL JOINTS

9.3

MECHANICAL JOINTSMECHANICAL JOINT PREP DETAIL - 650088 & 650110 TRANSOM BLOCKS

SWR688/C MULLION SWR611/C MULLIONPreparation shown for intermediate mullions. Holes only required in one side for perimeter mullions.

16.5 20 16.5 20 20Tr

anso

m C

entre

sTr

anso

m C

entre

s31

31M

ullio

n Le

ngth

Mul

lion

Leng

th31

Tran

som

Cen

tres

Tran

som

Cen

tres

31

SWR688/C SWR611/C

20 20 20 20

HEAD

CILL



Note: Double check the number of holes required for intermediate transoms, as these may not be the same as the perimeter

9.2

MECHANICAL JOINTS

9.3

MECHANICAL JOINTSMECHANICAL JOINT PREP DETAIL - TRANSOMSPreparation shown for SWR650/C transom. The same detail is required for all other transoms.

1414 14

14

20 20Transom Length

SWR650/C

Using the 653001 drilling jig, drill and countersink 2 No. 5mm dia holes at each end of the transom as shown.

Check the countersinks with screws (TYPE 2) so that the screw head will be flush in the transom when fixed into place.

Note :- Horizontal ExpansionWhen using horizontal expansion transoms, the above preparation is only required at one end of the transom.

9.4

MECHANICAL JOINTS

10.1

QUALITY CONTROLMECHANICAL JOINT ASSEMBLYThe curtain walling grid should be assembled in the factory and then dismantled for transportation.

Mechanical joints are carried out in the following manner:

Using the drilling jig, holes are drilled into the mullion / transom as shown on pages 9.1 - 9.3.

The required transom block (650050/070/088/110) is then secured to the mullion using TYPE 1 fixing screws (see Fig. 9.1).

Transom Transom Block No. screws/blockSWR650 650050 2SWR670 650070 3SWR688 650088 4SWR611 650110 5

Fig. 9.1

Fig. 9.2

Locate the required transom onto the screw fixed transom block (see Fig. 9.2).

Locate transom onto transom

block

The joint is then secured using 2 No. TYPE 2 screws (see Fig. 9.3).

DISMANTLING THE JOINT

Fig. 9.3

Remove the screws securing each transom to the transom block.

As each transom is dismantled, the mullion and transom should be referenced, in accordance with the approved drawings if possible, on a non-visible surface to aid re-assembly on site (see Fig. 9.4).

Check that the screws securing the transom block to the mullion are tightened adequately (see Fig. 9.4).

Apply a low tack tape to all visible faces for protection during transportation and installation.

Check screwsare tightened adequately

Fig. 9.4

MUL

-01

TRA-01

9.4

MECHANICAL JOINTS

10.1

QUALITY CONTROLQuality control checks should be carried out at intermediate stages of manufacture, to discover non-conformance at the earliest point in the process and so minimise costs due to defective work. Inspection should cover the following:

Dimensions

Preparations to mullions and transoms, pocket fillers, etc.

Transom block positions - check screws are tightened adequately.

Sealing points

Finish

Taping for despatch

References (if required)

Quality control checks of PVCu window inserts should be completed with reference to the product technical manual.

PREPARATION FOR DESPATCHCheck that all transoms and mullions have been taped adequately to avoid possible damage during transportation, site storage and site fixing. Ensure that mullions and transoms are referenced in accordance with approved drawings if required, and check the materials for quantity.

Quantities of the following materials for despatch should also be checked to avoid delays on site:

PVCu window inserts (including glass/panels)

Aluminium pressings

Mullion/transom pressure plates

Mullion/transom face caps

Perimeter fixings

Tie back brackets and fixings

Transom fixing screws

Setting blocks and glazing tape

Packing shims

Mastics and joint sealants

11.1

INSTALLATIONThe following section is designed to give guidance on the installation and maintenance of Spectus aluminium curtain walling and PVCu window inserts.

As curtain wall installation conditions on site can vary, this section gives the installers instructions for installing the curtain wall in typical applications, informing them of the necessary operations to ensure good installation practice.

The procedures in the Centre for window and cladding technology (CWCT) Guide to good practice for facades: Installation, and BS 8213-4 : 2007 - Code of practice for The Survey and Installation of Windows and External Doorsets, or any subsequent updates following this manual, should be followed.

PRE-START CHECK

ARRIVAL AT SITEOn arrival ensure that the following steps are carried out before proceeding with the installation of the curtain wall.

1) System RecognitionThe installers should have familiarised themselves completely with the curtain wall system prior to arrival on site.

2) Working DrawingsThe installers should have completely familiarised themselves with the working drawings and be fully aware of the fixing sequence required, i.e. which elevation to fix first.

3) Quantities and DamageCheck that the correct materials, quantities and types have been delivered. Careful checks should also be made for materials damaged in transit.

4) OpeningsFinally, before commencing, the installers should check that the openings are in accordance with the drawings, even though this may have been checked earlier by the surveyor. If on checking, work done by other trades is unacceptable, or the openings are not prepared satisfactorily, the installer should notify the builder or site foreman in writing before they proceed with installation. If not, it constitutes acceptance of other trades work.

USE OF SITE EQUIPMENTThe installers should check who is providing site equipment including scaffolding, power, lifting gear, etc and should check its suitability for the contract.

HEALTH AND SAFETYThe installers should be fully conversant with the following:-

British Standards Institute (BSI)BS 5974: 1990 - Code of practice for temporarily installed suspended scaffolds and access equipment.

Health and safety executive (HSE)Safe use of lifting equipment - Lifting operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1998, Approved code of practice and guidance L113.

Safe use of work equipment - Provision and use of work equipment regulations 1998, Approved code of practice and guidance L22.

The installers should also check with the builder or site foreman as to any other specific health and safety requirements of the site, and that they fully comply with these requirements. i.e. Hard hats, high-visibility vests, steel toe-capped footwear, gloves, eye protection, ear protection, warning signs, etc

METHOD STATEMENTOn larger curtain walling contracts there may be an agreed method statement along with the working drawings and contract documentation. This may contain information on preferred methods of installation, control procedures and details of co-ordination with other trades.

SEQUENCEThe installers should liase with the builder or site foreman as to any preferred sequence of installation for the curtain walling. This can prevent any delays when installation commences and minimise damage to materials.

NON-CONFORMANCEThe curtain walling should be installed to the dimensions in the working drawings with agreed permissible deviations. The permissible deviations should be agreed prior to installation and be appropriate for the materials used.All non-conforming work should be recorded. Remedial proposals should be reviewed and agreed upon as soon as possible.

11.2

INSTALLATION

11.3

INSTALLATIONINSTALLATION METHODS

There are two main installation methods for curtain walling, which are dependant on the site conditions, the size of the curtain walling screen and the transport available. The two installation methods (ladder installation and stick installation) can use different methods of site fixing (bracket fixing or perimeter).

LADDER INSTALLATION METHODThe ladder installation method can be used for smaller contracts or where suitable transport is available. The curtain walling is pre-assembled into sections in the factory before being transported to site. This method often reduces the site installation time.

STICK INSTALLATION METHODThe stick installation method is normally used on larger contracts where the ladder method is not suitable. The curtain walling is sent to site as individual members (see page 11.3)

FIXING METHODS

BRACKET FIXING METHODThe bracket fixing method uses pre-fabricated steel brackets to support the mullions if perimeter fixing is not suitable for the contract. For more information on installation brackets see Appendix 2.

LADDER INSTALLATION METHODThe following example gives guidance on a ladder installation method using bracket fixing.

STEP 1Apply and fix the cill pressing as shown on page 11.4.

STEP 2Lift the first ladder into position and align vertically ensuring at the same time it is square with the cill pressing. Fix the perimeter mullion as shown on page 11.4, and fix the 2nd mullion using steel brackets as shown on page 11.6.

STEP 3Silicone seal and fit the transoms to the end of the 2nd mullion as shown on page 11.5.

STEP 4Lift the second ladder into position and fix to the transoms ensuring the joints are silicone sealed. Fix the second ladder to the structure using steel brackets as shown on page 11.6.

Outline of opening

CillPressing

PerimeterMullion

FixingBracket

FixingBracket

Fit head transomFit

transomFit cill

transom

FixingBracket

FixingBracket

FixingBracket

2nd Ladder

Continue this method along the length of the curtain walling ensuring all joints are silicone sealed. Apply perimeter seal as shown on page 11.14.

PERIMETER FIXING METHODThe perimeter fixing method should, if possible, be used for perimeter mullions (see page 11.4). If a suitable fixing is available directly above the curtain walling, perimeter fixing can be used for the head transoms to support the mullions (see page 11.9).

TypicalFixing

BracketsTop

Bracket

BottomBracket

11.2

INSTALLATION

11.3

INSTALLATIONSTICK INSTALLATION METHODThe following example gives guidance on a stick installation method using perimeter fixing.

STEP 1Apply and fix the cill pressing as shown on page 11.4. Outline of opening

FloorSlab

CillPressing

STEP 2Assemble the upper and lower sections of the first perimeter mullion. Stand into position. Align vertically ensuring at the same time it is square with the cill pressing. Fix into position using the fixing details on page 11.4, ensuring the vertical expansion gap is maintained (see page 11.7).

FloorSlab

Perimeter Mullion

STEP 3Fit the transoms to the perimeter mullion as shown on page 11.5. Assemble and locate the first intermediate mullion and fix it to the transoms. Ensure mullions and transoms are sealed to the cill as shown on page 11.4.

FloorSlab

STEP 4Apply and fix the transoms to the second bay. Assemble and locate the second intermediate mullion and fix it to the transoms. Apply cill fixings to the first bay. Align the first intermediate mullion vertically and position and fix the intermediate tie back fixings as shown on pages 11.8 - 11.9. Fix the first bay at the head.

FloorSlab

STEP 5Work across the opening locating one bay and fixing the previous bay as detailed in step 4. Do not fix the last intermediate mullion until the last perimeter mullion has been sprung into place.

FloorSlab

STEP 6When all bays are fixed, work back across the opening checking all transom to mullion and mullion/transom to cill seals. Apply perimeter silicone seal as shown on page 11.14.

FloorSlab

Note: Depending upon the installation, other installation methods can be used.

11.4

INSTALLATION

11.5

INSTALLATIONCILL FIXING

Aluminium cill pressings should be designed for each individual contract as cill conditions can vary from site to site (see Appendix 1).

Bed down the aluminium cill full width of the opening (except where door openings occur) on butyl bedding compound. Fix at 600mm centres ensuring the screws are sealed with silicone (see Fig. 11.1).

Butyl Bedding Compound

6mm

6mm Packers

Fixi

ng

Fig. 11.1Cill packers must be placed below all mullion positions (see Fig. 11.2).

Butyl Bedding Compound

6mm Packers

6mm

Mullion

Fig. 11.2All joints in the aluminium cill pressing must be sealed as shown using a pre-pressed aluminium joint strap and sealed with silicone. Joints in the aluminium cill should not occur at mullion positions (see Fig. 11.3).

Fig. 11.3

3mm

Silicone Seal

PERIMETER MULLION FIXING

Assemble the upper and lower sections of the perimeter mullion, as shown on page 8.2, if required.

Mark and drill holes to suit the perimeter fixings, through the perimeter mullion and pocket filler, at 150mm from each end of the mullion and at maximum 600mm centres.

Stand into position and align vertically ensuring at the same time it is square with the cill pressing.

Insert packers between the opening and pocket filler at the fixing centres and fix the mullion using suitable perimeter fixings, ensuring any vertical expansion joints are maintained.

Silicone seal all joints between the mullion and aluminium cill pressing (see Fig. 11.4).

Fig. 11.4

Silicone Seal

Silicone Seal

Vertical Expansion

Joint

Transom Block

Transom Block

600

max

150

150

600

max

600

max

600

max

600

max

11.4

INSTALLATION

11.5

INSTALLATIONTRANSOM FIXING

The following method is used for both intermediate and perimeter transoms.

The transoms should be fixed to the mullions at both ends, except where a horizontal expansion joint is required (see below right & page 11.13).

Check that the screws securing the transom blocks to the mullions are tightened adequately

The transom blocks should be sealed around their perimeter with silicone (see Fig. 11.5). Silicone should only be applied when the transom is being fixed on site.

Silicone Seal Perimeter

Fig. 11.5

Fig. 11.6

Perimeter seal the transom end with silicone and slide the transom into position over the transom block (see Fig. 11.6).

Perimeter Seal Transom

ends with Silicone

Silicone seal the countersunk holes in the transom and fix the transoms into place using 2 No. TYPE 2 screws (see Fig. 11.7).


Fig. 11.7Clean off any excess silicone around the transom and mullion joint.

HORIZONTAL EXPANSION JOINTS

Horizontal expansion transoms are fixed to the mullions at one end as described previously.

At the expansion joint end of the transom, a 6mm spacing shim should be placed between the end of the transom and the mullion face. This will maintain a 6mm expansion joint once the transom is slid into position over the transom block (see Fig. 11.8).

Spacingshim

6mm

Fig. 11.8Silicone seal the 6mm gap between the transom and mullion face.

With the transom in position over the transom block check the countersunk holes in the transom line-up with the screwports in the transom block.

11.6

INSTALLATION

11.7

INSTALLATIONBRACKET FIXING

Fix the mullion to the transom and silicone seal the joint as shown on page 11.5, ensuring the mullion is aligned vertically and square to the transom (see Fig. 11.9).

With the mullion in the correct position, locate the bracket around the mullion ensuring a minimum 6mm gap between the mullion and bracket with the bracket projecting as required past the end of the mullion (see Fig. 11.10).

6mm

FixingBracket

6mm

6mm

Bra

cket

pro

ject

s as

requ

ired

Drill hole through bracket & mullion

Temporarily pack between the bracket and the mullion and drill through the slotted hole in the bracket through the mullion (see Fig. 11.10).

Insert nylon shims between the bracket and the mullion and fix the bracket to the mullion using minimum M10x100mm stainless steel bolts. (see Fig. 11.11).

Pack the bracket as necessary and bolt to the structure (see Fig. 11.12)

When exactly aligned, drill through the final fix hole in the bracket into the mullion. Insert nylon shims and fix the mullion using minimum M10x100mm stainless steel bolts through the brackets (see Fig. 11.13).

10m

m

Fig. 11.9

Fig. 11.10

Fig. 11.13

Fig. 11.12

Fig. 11.11

11.6

INSTALLATION

11.7

INSTALLATIONVERTICAL EXPANSION JOINTS

Where the mullions span more than one floor vertically or the elevation is more than 6m high, a 6mm expansion gap is required on the mullions, pressure plates and face caps.

The lower mullion should be supplied to site with the expansion sleeve fitted. Place the lower mullion into its correct position and fix to the structure as required. Seal around the perimeter of the expansion sleeve and mullion surface with silicone (see Fig. 11.14).

Expansion Sleeve

Silicone Seal

Fig. 11.14Slide the upper mullion over the expansion sleeve (see Fig. 11.15).

Fig. 11.15

UpperMullion

Maintaining a 6mm expansion gap between the upper and lower mullion (a 6mm spacing shim can be used to maintain the gap), tie back the upper mullion to the structure at the head.

If a temporary spacing shim has been used, remove it and seal the 6mm expansion joint with silicone (see Fig. 11.16).

Silicone Seal

6mm

Fig. 11.16The expansion joints in the pressure plates and PVCu face caps should be staggered (see Fig. 11.17 and page 11.12).

Staggered Pressure

platejoint

Staggered Face cap

joint

MullionJoint

Fig. 11.17

11.8

INSTALLATION

11.9

INSTALLATIONTYPICAL TIE BACK FIXING

The following details show a typical tie back fixing.

The mullion is placed in its correct position, fixed at the cill, and aligned vertically to ascertain the position of the tie back brackets (see Fig. 11.18).

With the mullion is in its correct position, angle brackets should be located either side of the mullion, allowing approx 6mm gap between mullion face and bracket (see Fig. 11.19).

Fig. 11.18

Fig. 11.19

BracketBracket

6mm 6mm

Pack the brackets as necessary and bolt them to the floor slab or structural steel (whichever is applicable (see Fig. 11.20)

Fig. 11.20All brackets must be shimmed with nylon shims between the mullion tie back brackets. With the mullion in exact alignment, drill through the slotted hole in the bracket into the mullion and back up sleeve. Fix the mullion using minimum M10x100mm stainless steel bolts through the brackets (see Fig. 11.21).

Fig. 11.21

NylonShims

11.8

INSTALLATION

11.9

INSTALLATIONTYPICAL TIE BACK FIXING (cont)

When exact alignment has been attained, drill through the final fix hole in the bracket into the mullion and back up sleeve. Insert the required nylon shims and fix the mullion using minimum M10x100mm stainless steel bolts through the brackets (see Fig. 11.22).

NylonShims

Fig. 11.22Note: The tie back fixing guidelines are to suit typical installation details only. If an alternative method of installation is required, the method must be agreed with the builder or site foreman. Fig. 11.23 shows a plan of a typical finished tie back installation.

Fig. 11.23

PERIMETER FIXINGS

The perimeter mullion fixing details are shown on page 11.4. The perimeter head transoms and perimeter cill transoms are fixed in the same manner as the perimeter mullions at 50mm from the end of the transom and at 600mm maximum centres (see Fig. 11.24)

50

50

600 max 600 max

50

600

max

150

600

max

600

max

600

max

600

max

150

50

600 max 600 max

50

50

Fig. 11.24Note: The above shows recommended typical fixing centres for perimeter mullions and transoms. The fixings, fixing centres and required method should be agreed with the builder or site foreman.

11.10

INSTALLATION

11.11

INSTALLATIONPVCu WINDOW INSERT FIXING

PREPARATIONBefore proceeding to install the PVCu window inserts check that all joints and fixing screw points have been sealed satisfactorily.

Clean down all surfaces of the aluminium grid, that are to receive the butyl tape, with a mild detergent and warm water. NEVER use any solvent based cleaners on the painted surfaces of the aluminium grid.

APPLICATION OF BUTYL TAPEApply the butyl tape (900570) to the serrated faces on the mullions and transoms (see Fig. 11.25). Position the tape 1mm in from the sight line of the mullion or transom. At this point do not remove the paper backing from the butyl tape. Pinch the tapes together at the tape joints and seal with silicone.

Pinch tapestogetherand seal

Butyl Tape(900570)

Fig. 11.25

FITTING THE THERMAL BREAKFit the thermal breaks (654001) into the nosing of all mullions and transoms (see Fig. 11.26), and locate the frame setting blocks (655000) in their correct positions (see Fig. 11.26 & 11.27).

Thermal Break(654001)

Thermal Break(654001)

Frame SettingBlock

(655000)Fig. 11.26

Max 150

Max 150

SETTING BLOCK LOCATIONThe location of the setting blocks is critical to ensure that the dead load is passed via the transoms onto the mullions of the curtain wall. Place the setting blocks maximum 150mm from the end of the transom (see Fig.11.26 & 11.27).

Fig. 11.27

PVCuInsert

AluminiumTransom

GlassPackers

SettingBlocks

Max150

Max150

11.10

INSTALLATION

11.11


INSTALLING THE WINDOW

Remove the paper backing from the butyl tape one opening at a time. Centralise the window insert within the opening, at the same time locating it onto the frame setting blocks. Apply pressure around the perimeter of the window, ensuring a good seal onto the tape. Secure in place, temporarily, using 200mm pieces of pressure plate (see Fig. 11.28) fixed onto the

PVCuWindowInsert

PVCuWindowInsert

Fig. 11.28

200

200

PVCu WindowInsert held temporarilyin position

by pieces ofpressure plate

When all the PVCu window inserts are in place, fit the pressure plate gasket (105240/T) into all the pressure plates, and working across the opening, fix the vertical pressure plates through the pre-drilled holes. Remove the temporary 200mm pressure plates and then fix the horizontal pressure plates through the pre-drilled holes (see Fig. 11.29).

HorizontalPressure

Plates

VerticalPressure

Plate

Fig. 11.29

11.12

INSTALLATION

11.13


INSTALLING THE WINDOW

Clip the PVCu face caps onto the pressure plates. The square face cap (SW600) should always be fitted to the vertical pressure plates. The angled face cap (MCC) can be fitted to the horizontal pressure plates (see Fig. 11.30). Glaze the PVCu window inserts in accordance with the relevant product technical manual.

SW600

MCC

MCC

Fig. 11.30

VERTICAL EXPANSION JOINTSWhen installing curtain walling with vertical expansion joints, the following procedure must be followed for the pressure plates and PVCu face caps.

PRESSURE PLATESFix the pressure plates as described on page 11.11, making sure that the expansion gap (6mm) in the pressure plates is offset by a minimum of 25mm from the expansion gap in the mullion (see Fig. 11.31). Seal the 6mm expansion gap with silicone.

PressurePlates

Fig. 11.31

256

6

PVCu FACE CAPSSnap the face cap expansion sleeve (SW601) into place over the gap in the pressure plates. Fit the face caps (SW600) making sure that the expansion gap (6mm) in the face caps is offset by a minimum of 25mm from the expansion gap in the pressure plates (see Fig. 11.32). Seal the 6mm expansion gap with silicone.

Fig. 11.32

625 6

31

ExpansionSleeve

FaceCap

11.12

INSTALLATION

11.13

INSTALLATIONHORIZONTAL EXPANSION JOINTSWhen installing curtain walling with horizontal expansion joints, the following procedure must be followed for the butyl tape,pressure plates and PVCu face caps.

APPLICATION OF BUTYL TAPEApply the butyl tape to the serrated faces on the mullions and transoms as shown on page 11.10. Run the butyl tape over the 6mm silicone sealed expansion joint (see page 11.5) to meet with the vertical tape (see Fig. 11.33).

Fig. 11.33

Run TapeOver JointTo MeetVerticalTape

SiliconeSealed

ExpansionJoint

PRESSURE PLATESFit the pressure plate gasket (105240/T) into the pressure plate ensuring the gasket extends 7mm past the end of the pressure plate. Fix the pressure plate, as shown on page 11.11, maintaining a 9mm gap at the expansion joint end (see Fig. 11.34).

Fig. 11.34

9

7ExtendedGasket

Join gasketsand seal

withsilicone

Seal between the pressure plates with silicone (see Fig. 11.35).

SealBetweenPressure

Plates

Fig. 11.35PVCu FACE CAPSSnap the vertical PVCu face cap (SW600) on to the mullion (see Fig. 11.36).

Fig. 11.36

SW600FaceCap

Snap the horizontal PVCu face cap (MCC) on to the transom pressure plate, ensuring that the 6mm expansion gap in the PVCu face cap is at the opposite end to the expansion gap in the pressure plate. Seal the 6mm gap at the end of the PVCu face cap with silicone.

11.14

INSTALLATION

12.1

FINISHINGSEALING THE PERIMETER

Care should be taken when sealing the perimeter to ensure the silicone is kept behind the PVCu face caps, to facilitate future removal.

The installers should consult the silicone supplier as to which type of silicone is suitable for any particular site application.

Note: Ensure that the cill has been sealed during the installation of the curtain wall grid (see page 11.4)

Fixi

ng

Ensure silicone seal is kept behind PVCu

face caps

Ensure silicone seal is kept behind PVCu

face caps

Fixing

HEAD DETAIL

JAMB DETAIL

11.14

INSTALLATION

12.1

FINISHINGINSPECTION DURING INSTALLATION

As the curtain walling is being installed, and if other trades are also present on site, it is possible for the curtain walling to become accidentally marked by substances used by other trades. If this occurs, it is essential that the builder or site foreman is immediately informed of this, to ensure that the curtain walling installer is not held responsible for the cleaning of these substances.

Before the final cleaning down of the curtain walling, the installer should check with the builder or site foreman if any other trades are to immediately follow on after the cleaning process. If other trades are to follow, it should be agreed with the builder or site foreman that the curtain walling be inspected prior to commencement of works by other trades.

FINAL CLEANING DOWN

Following fixing of the curtain walling, the following steps should be taken by the installer to ensure acceptance of the finished installation.

a) Clean down all surfaces of the PVCu and aluminium paint surfaces with recommended cleaners. For all PVCu surfaces, clean down with PVCu cleaner. For painted aluminium surfaces, only use a mild detergent to clean down. NEVER USE A SOLVENT BASED CLEANER.

b) The installers should satisfy themselves that all works have been carried out in accordance with the detailed working drawings.

c) If other trades are to follow on after completion of the curtain wall, the installer must ensure that all surfaces of the PVCu and aluminium paint surfaces are adequately protected.

d) Finally, once the installers have cleaned down and are satisfied with the workmanship, they should leave a copies of any maintenance information relating to the windows and doors, with the main contractor to eventually pass on to the client.

PVCu WINDOW MAINTENANCE

PVCu window inserts should be maintained strictly in accordance with the details contained in the relevant product technical manual.

PAINT FINISH PVCu FRAMES

If the contract has an external paint finish to the PVCu frames and cappings, the company who applied the paint to the PVCu surfaces should be contacted for guidance as to what cleaning agents are suitable.

CLEANING OF GLASS AREAS

Generally, glass should be cleaned using water with added mild cleaning agent or detergent, or with a proprietary glass cleaner. The glass manufacturers instructions should be strictly followed in the case of specialist or coated glass. If other trades are to follow, it is advised that, once the glass is cleaned a suitable protective film is applied to the glass.

GENERAL MAINTENANCE OF PAINT AND PVCu FINISHES

In order to maintain the best possible appearance of the Spectus Curtain Wall and PVCu window and door products, it is recommended that the surfaces are cleaned at regular intervals with a solution of mild detergent and warm water, using a soft cloth or sponge, but nothing harsher than a natural bristle brush.

13.1

APPENDIX 1 ALUMINIUM PRESSINGSALUMINIUM PRESSINGS

To colour match the aluminium curtain walling sections and the PVCu framing, Aluminium pressings should be powder coated to RAL 9016, semi gloss.

CORNER POST PRESSINGS

Corner post pressings should run the full height of the end mullion.

The dimensions for corner post pressings can be measured on site once the curtain walling screens have been installed. However, if the corner detail is known, the following calculations can be used to determine the dimensions of the pressing.

90° CORNERSThe size of pressing required for 90° corners can be determined as shown in Fig. 13.1.

Aluminium pressing = Frame depth + 3 + Mullion box depth + Pressing overlap

Example:

If using 70mm PVCu windows and the SWR670/C mullion, as shown above, then:-

Frame depth + 3 = 73mmMullion box depth = 70mmPressing overlap = 18mm

Aluminium pressing = 161mm x 161mm

If there is a gap between the mullions at the corner detail, this must be added to the size of the corner pressing.

Aluminium pressing = Dim C + Pressing overlap

Dim A = (Frame depth + 3) + Mullion box depthAngle B = Overall angle/2

Dim C = Dim A Tan Angle B

Example:

If using 70mm PVCu windows, SWR670/C mullion and the overall angle is 45°, as shown above, then:-

Dim A = 73mm + 70mm = 143mmAngle B = 45°/2 = 22.5°.

Dim C = 143 Tan 22.5 = 59.2mmPressing Overlap = 18mm

Aluminium pressing = (77.2)77mm x 77mm

If there is a gap between the mullions at the corner detail, this must be added to the size of the corner pressing.

OTHER ANGLESThe size of pressing required for other angles can be determined as shown in Fig.13.2.

Fig. 13.1

Fig. 13.2

Pre

ssin

g ov

erla

p

Alu

min

ium

pre

ssin

g

Mul

lion

box

dept

hFr

ame

dept

h+3

Pre

ssin

g ov

erla

p

Alu

min

ium

pres

sing

Dim

C

Overallangle

Dim A

Mullion box depth

Frame depth+3

Aluminium PressingsDetails shown are for guidance only. It is the responsibility of the surveyor / fabricator / installer to ensure that all items are suitable for each specific instance.

13.2

APPENDIX 1 ALUMINIUM PRESSINGS

13.3

APPENDIX 2 FIXING BRACKETSCILL PRESSINGS

Aluminium cill pressings should be determined for each individual contract, based on the site conditions.

CILL SIZEThe size of the pressing required for the cill detail can be determined as shown in Fig. 13.3.

Aluminium pressing = Required overhang + Set-back + Frame depth + 3 + Mullion box depth

Example:

If the required overhang is 30mm, the set-back is 40mm and if using 70mm PVCu windows and the SWR670/C cill transom, as shown above, then:-

Required overhang = 30mmSet-back = 40mmFrame depth + 3 = 73mmMullion box depth = 70mm

Aluminium cill depth = 213mm

Note: The cill pressing should be flat for the combined frame depth + 3 and mullion box depth (in this example 143mm) before being angled at a minimum of 5° for the depth of the required overhang and set-back as shown in Fig. 13.4.

INTERNAL CILL UPSTANDThe internal cill upstand should be formed at 90° to the cill pressing. The size of the internal cill upstand can be determined by several different factors (screeding, internal flooring thickness, etc) but should be a minimum of 20mm as shown in Fig. 13.5.

CILL END RETURNSWherever a perimeter mullion is being fitted or in certain situations, eg. an aluminium door opening, the aluminium cill should form an end return at 90° as shown in Fig. 13.6. The joint between the internal cill upstand and the end return should either be welded or silicone sealed.

Aluminium cill pressingFrame

depth + 3Set-back

Mullion box depth

Required overhang

Fig. 13.3.

Fig. 13.4.

Overhang& set-back

Minimum5°

Flat area

Frame depth + 3 & mullion box depth

90° Min

imum

20m

m

Fig. 13.5.

90°

Fig. 13.6.

Weld or silicone seal joint

Aluminium PressingsDetails shown are for guidance only. It is the responsibility of the surveyor / fabricator / installer to ensure that all items are suitable for each specific instance.

13.2

APPENDIX 1 ALUMINIUM PRESSINGS

13.3

APPENDIX 2 FIXING BRACKETSFIXING BRACKETS

MULLION BRACKETSDepending upon site conditions, it may be necessary to fix the curtain walling mullions using pre-fabricated steel brackets at the top and bottom of the mullions. Brackets should be determined for each individual contract.

FIXING PLATE SIZEThe size of the fixing plate can be determined as shown in Fig. 13.7.

Fixing plate height = Edge clearance + Transom height + Bracket clearance + Bracket height

Example:

If the edge clearance is 10mm, bracket clearance is 15mm and the bracket height is 60mm, as shown above, then:-

Edge clearance = 10mmTransom height = 62mmBracket clearance = 15mmBracket height = 60mm

Fixing plate height = 147mm

Note: The fixing plate depth should be big enough to allow the installer to drill through all fixing holes on site.

The fixing detail at the top of the mullion is sometimes different to the fixing detail at the bottom of the mullion, and the sizes must be determined separately. However, the same fixing plate height can be used for the top fixing bracket if the detail is suitable.

Edg

ecl

eara

nce

Bra

cket

clea

ranc

e

Fixing plate depth

Fig. 13.7.

Bra

cket

heig

ht

Tran

som

heig

ht

Fixi

ng p

late

hei

ght

BRACKET SIZEThe size of the bracket can be determined as shown in Fig. 13.8.

Fig. 13.8.

BackClearanceS

ide

Cle

aran

ceM

ullio

n W

idth

Inte

rnal

Bra

cket

Wid

th

Bra

cket

clea

ranc

eB

rack

et h

eigh

t

Internal bracket depth

Cover

Cover

Mullion box depth

Bracket height = Final fixing hole dia + Fixing slot dia + spacings

Internal bracket depth = Cover + Back clearance

Internal bracket width = Side clearance + Mullion width + Side clearance

The bracket manufacturer should be consulted regarding the fixing plate and bracket design.

Sid

eC

lear

ance

Fixing BracketsDetails shown are for guidance only. It is the responsibility of the surveyor / fabricator / installer to ensure that all items are suitable for each specific instance.

13.4

APPENDIX 2 FIXING BRACKETS

13.5

APPENDIX 3 ANGLED FRAMESFIXING BRACKETS

TIE-BACK BRACKETSThe size and design of brackets for fixing back to the structure at intermediate levels can vary depending upon site conditions. The fixings can vary whether the structure is tied-back to a concrete slab or steelwork. Tie-back brackets and appropriate fixings should be determined for each individual contract, based on the site conditions.

SLAB FIXING BRACKET SIZEThe size and design of brackets required for fixing back to a concrete slab can be determined as shown in Fig. 13.9.

Fixing BracketsDetails shown are for guidance only. It is the responsibility of the surveyor / fabricator / installer to ensure that all items are suitable for each specific instance.

Mullion box depth Back

clearanceCover

Bra

cket

he

ight

Bra

cket

w

idth

Bracket depth

Back clearanceCover

Bracket height = Final fixing hole dia + Fixing slot dia + spacings

Bracket depth = Cover + Back clearance

Note: The bracket width should be big enough to allow the installer to drill through all fixing holes on site.

STEELWORK FIXING BRACKET SIZEThe size and design of brackets required for fixing back to steelwork can be determined in a similar manner to the brackets required for fixing back to a concrete slab.

Depending upon the building design, the brackets can be fixed directly back to the steelwork using appropriate packing shims as shown in Fig. 13.10.

Fig. 13.9.

Fig. 13.10.

Bracket fixed directly back to steelwork

Alternatively, the brackets can be fixed to an intermediate steel angle, which is in turn fixed back to the steelwork as shown in Fig. 13.11.

Fig. 13.11.

Steelwork

Steelwork

Intermediate steel angle

Packing shims should always be used between the brackets and the intermediate steel angle, and between the steel angle and the steelwork.

13.4

APPENDIX 2 FIXING BRACKETS

13.5

APPENDIX 3 ANGLED FRAMESTRANSOM BLOCKSTypical angled top frames can be manufactured using the standard transom blocks fixed in staggered positions to the top of the mullions. However, for certain angles, a small section of the transom blocks must be removed as shown in Fig. 13.12. and in the table shown below.

The fixing position of the transom blocks varies depending upon the angle of the framing as shown in Fig. 13.13.

Frame Angle

Lower Block Fixing Centre

Higher Block Fixing Centre

Remove Corner

10° 32.5mm 30.5mm n/a12° 33mm 30mm n/a14° 34mm 30mm Remove16° 35mm 29.5mm Remove18° 36mm 29mm Remove20° 37mm 29mm Remove22° 38mm 29mm Remove24° 39mm 29mm Remove26° 40mm 29mm Remove28° 41mm 29.5mm Remove30° 42.5mm 29mm Remove32° 43mm 30mm Remove34° 44.5mm 30.5mm Remove36° 45.5mm 31mm n/a38° 47.5mm 31mm n/a40° 49.5mm 31.5mm n/a42° 52.5mm 31.5mm n/a44° 55mm 31.5mm n/a46° 58mm 31.5mm n/a48° 61mm 31.5mm n/a50° 65mm 31.5mm n/a

Angle Dim ‘A’ Dim ‘B’ Dim ‘C’ Dim ‘D’10° 22.5mm 11.5mm 17mm 17.5mm12° 23mm 11.5mm 17mm 17mm14° 23.5mm 12mm 17mm 16.5mm16° 24mm 12mm 17.5mm 16mm18° 25mm 12mm 18mm 15mm20° 25.5mm 12mm 18mm 14.5mm22° 26.5mm 12mm 18.5mm 14mm24° 27mm 12mm 19mm 13.5mm26° 28mm 12mm 19.5mm 12.5mm28° 29mm 12mm 20mm 12mm30° 30mm 12mm 20.5mm 11.5mm32° 31mm 11.5mm 21.5mm 10mm34° 32mm 11.5mm 22.5mm 9mm36° 33mm 11.5mm 23mm 8mm38° 34.5mm 12mm 23.5mm 7mm40° 36mm 12mm 24mm 6mm42° 38.5mm 13mm 24mm 5.5mm44° 41mm 13.5mm 24mm 4.5mm46° 43.5mm 14mm 24.5mm 3.5mm48° 46mm 14.5mm 24.5mm 3mm50° 49.5mm 15.5mm 25mm 1.5mm

4mm

2mm

Fig. 13.12.

Fig. 13.13.

Frame angle

Lower blockfixing centre

Higher blockfixing centre

TRANSOM END PREPARATIONThe preparation at the end of each angled transom varies depending upon the angle of the framing as shown in Fig. 13.4.

Remove corner

Remove corner

Frame angle Dim ‘A’

Dim ‘D’Dim

‘C’

Dim

‘B’

Dim ‘A’

Dim ‘D’

Dim

‘C’

Dim

‘B’

Fig. 13.14.Drill and countersink 5mm holes (as described on page 9.3) at each end of the transom as shown in Fig. 13.14. at the centres shown in the table below.

Drill 4.2mm holes (as described on pages 9.1 & 9.2) at the centres shown in the table below.

Note - The same dimensions are used at each end of the angled transom.

Transom blocks and transoms should be screw fixed as described on page 9.4.

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