TECHNICAL PUMP APPLICATIONS AND

HANDS-ON MAINTENANCEFOR

WATER & WASTEWATER

TREATMENT PLANTSTREATMENT PLANTS

An MWEA Maintenance Committee Seminar

LIQUID TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS:

Liquid Type Solids% Viscosity

Potable 0.0% . Low

Raw Primary .5 to 5.0 LowRaw Primary .5 to 5.0 Low

Secondary .3 to 4.0 Low

Chemical 1.0 to 10.0 Low/High

Stabilized .5 to 10.0 Low/High

Dewatered 10.0 to 40.0 High

PUMP SELECTION CRITERIA:

PIPING ARRANGEMENT

TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD

SOLIDSSOLIDS

MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION

PROPERTIES OF THE FLUID

MODE OF OPERATION

PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS

PUMP CLASSES & DESIGNSPUMP CLASSES & DESIGNS

END SUCTION/HORIZONTAL/VERTICAL (CLOSE COUPLED or FRAME MOUNTED)

CENTRIFUGAL

(CLOSE COUPLED or FRAME MOUNTED)

INCLUDES SUBMERSIBLE (WET & DRY PIT)

VERTICAL TURBINES

SPLIT CASE

CENTRIFUGAL IMPELLER PUMPS

PROS CONS NEUTRAL

FLOW:UP TO 100,000 GPM SHEAR SENSITIVE: YES

SCUM: YES AND/OR NO

HEADS: UP TO 250’ LEAKAGE: YES

SOLIDS: UP TO 10” DIA. ODORS: YES

ABRASIVES: YES SUCTION LIFT: NO

“Cutwater”

or ABRASIVES: YES SUCTION LIFT: NO

SLURRIES: 4-5% SOLIDS MAXIMUM

EFFICIENCY: LOW TO HIGH

RAGS & DEBRIS: YES COST: HIGH

WEAR: EXCELLENT

LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT

EXTERNAL VALVES: NONE REQUIRED

RUN DRY: YES & NO

or “Tongue”

Rotation creates velocity

C

E

N

T

R

I

F

U

G

A

LL

P

U

M

P

C

U

R

V

E

Various impeller designs

Single vane impeller

Multi vane impeller

Single vane impeller

Vortex impeller

Non - clogging impeller (2 or 3 vane)Raw sewageIndustrial waster waterActive & Return sludgeStorm waterBEP 86 %Free passage = / > 3 ”

Centrifugal Impellers

for Waste Water Application

Vortex Vortex -- impellerimpellerRaw sewage with large Raw sewage with large solids,solids,long fibrous admixture long fibrous admixture and and entrained or dissolved entrained or dissolved gassesgassesBEP 58 %BEP 58 %Free passage = / > 3 Free passage = / > 3 ””

SingleSingle--vane impeller vane impeller Raw sewage with large Raw sewage with large solidssolidsand fibrous material and fibrous material Digested sludgeDigested sludge

Return sludgeReturn sludgeBEP 75 %BEP 75 %Free passage = / > 3 Free passage = / > 3 ””

Configurations are engineeredConfigurations are engineeredto match your needsto match your needs

Submersible Wet & Dry Pit PumpsSubmersible Wet & Dry Pit Pumps

WET PITSUBMERSIBLE PUMPModel: KRTSince: 1961Major Redesign: 1993Design Review: 1995

DRY PIT SUBMERSIBLEModel: KRTBSince: 1982Major Redesign: 1993Design Review: 1995

Recessed Cupped Impeller

Creates a vortex, solids do not pass through the impeller

Turbine Pumps

Let’s look

Vertical Turbine Pumps

Let’s look

inside the bowl:

Horizontal Split Case Pump

Horizontal Split Case Pump

Chopper

PumpPump

CONFIGURATIONS

E-SERIES CHOPPER PUMPS

Externally adjustable

back pull-out design

All hardened

chopper

components

Oil lubricated

Ball bearings

Flushless

mechanical seal

BACK PULL-OUT DESIGN

No need to disconnect

from piping

Externally adjustable

back pull-outback pull-out

Adjust ALL cutting

clearances externally

FLUSHLESS SEAL OPTION

Helpful Links:www.pumpfundamentals.com/pump_glossary.htm

www.educypedia.be/education/mechanicsjavapumps.htm

www.animatedsoftware.com/pumpglos/forcepum.htm

www.maintenanceresources.com/index.html

www.omega.com/

www.machinerylubrication.com/www.machinerylubrication.com/

www.mt-online.com/

www.waterandwastewater.com/

www.reliableplant.com/

www.engineersedge.com/

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT

PUMP CLASSES & DESIGNSPUMP CLASSES & DESIGNS

PLUNGERPLUNGER

PROGRESSING CAVITY

ROTARY LOBE

DIAPHRAGM

DOUBLE DISC

PERISTALTIC

POSITIVEDIISPLACEMENT

Piston/Plunger

Pump

Check valve

Pump Body

Piston

Hydraulic Drive Piston Pump

PLUNGERPLUNGER--PISTON PUMPSPISTON PUMPSPROS CONS NEUTRAL

HEADS: UP TO 150 PSI, 346’ SCUM: NO FLOW: UP TO 500 GPM

WEAR: GOOD RAGS & DEBRIS: NO SOLIDS: YES

RUN DRY: YES SHEAR SENSITIVE: YES ABRASIVES: YES

SUCTION LIFT: YES LUBRICATION: ONCE A WEEK

SLURRIES: YES WEEK

EFFICIENCY: GOOD EXTERNAL VALVES: YES

LEAKAGE: YES

ODORS: YES

COST: HIGH

Inlet

Rotor and Stator

Discharge

Progressive

Cavity

Pump

PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMPSPROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMPS

PROS CONS NEUTRAL

FLOW: UP TO 2,200 GPM SCUM: NO SOLIDS: YES

HEADS: STANDARD TO RAGS & DEBRIS: NO ABRASIVES: YES HEADS: STANDARD TO

650 PSI

RAGS & DEBRIS: NO ABRASIVES: YES

SHEAR SENSITIVE:

MINIMAL SHEAR

LEAKAGE: YES SLURRIES: YES

LUBRICATION:

INFREQUENT

ODORS: YES WEAR: SATISFACTORY

EXTERNAL VALVES: NO RUN DRY: NO EFFICIENCY: GOOD

SUCTION LIFT: YES COST: HIGH

Screw Pumps

SCREW PUMPSPROS CONS

FLOW:UP TO 162 MGD SOLIDS: Good for raw sewage but bad for thick sludge

LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT LEAKAGE: YES

EXTERNAL VALVES: NONE ODORS: YES

ABRASIVES: YES SUCTION LIFT: NO

Imparts some D.O. into the sewage. EFFICIENCY: About 75%

RAGS & DEBRIS: YES COST: HIGH, must build concrete “ramp” structure

WEAR: EXCELLENT Looses efficiency with wear. Not be easily repaired. WEAR: EXCELLENT Looses efficiency with wear. Not be easily repaired.

Can pump variable flow without a VFD. Must be sized for MAX flow, but accepts all incoming rates

Head limited to angle (22-45 Degrees) and shaft length, but usually about 30 ft max. Higher lift requires “Series” of pump$$$$

Bottom submerged bearing required lubrication

RUN DRY: NO

Timing Gears

Tri-Lobes

Torque

Locking

Assembly

Stuffing

Box

Rotary Lobe Pump

ROTARY LOBE PUMPS

PROS CONS NEUTRAL

FLOW: UP TO 3,000 GPM RAGS & DEBRIS: NO SOLIDS: YES

SCUM: YES SHEAR SENSITIVE: YES ABRASIVES: YES

LUBRICATION:INFREQUENT

SUCTION LIFT: NO SLURRIES: YES

EXTERNAL VALVES: NO HEADS: UP TO 150 PSIEXTERNAL VALVES: NO HEADS: UP TO 150 PSI

RUN DRY: YES WEAR: GOOD

LEAKAGE: YES & NO

ODORS: YES & NO

EFFICIENCY: GOOD

COST: MEDIUM TOHIGH

Discharge

Check

Valve

Discharge

Diaphragm

Pump

Check

Valve

Suction

Suction

Check

Valve

Diaphragm

DIAPHRAGM PUMPS

PROS CONS NEUTRAL

SHEAR SENSITIVE: NO FLOW: UP TO 100 GPM SOLIDS: YES SHEAR SENSITIVE: NO FLOW: UP TO 100 GPM SOLIDS: YES

LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT

HEADS: UP TO 100 PSI ABRASIVES: YES

LEAKAGE: NO SCUM: NO SLURRIES: YES

ODORS: NO RAGS & DEBRIS: NO WEAR: DIAPHRAGMS AND CHECK VALVES SUBJECT TO WEAR

RUN DRY: YES EXTERNAL VALVES: YES

SUCTION LIFT: YES

EFFICIENCY: POOR

COST: LOW INITIAL, HIGH MAINTENANCE

Drive Shaft

Eccentric

Discs

Double Disc Pump

Double Disc Pump

DOUBLE DISC PUMPS

PROS CONS NEUTRAL

SCUM: YES HEADS: UP TO 45 PSI FLOW: UP TO 180 GPM

SHEAR SENSITIVE: N0 SOLIDS: 1 1/4” ROUND ABRASIVES: YES

EXTERNAL VALVES: NO

SLURRIES: YES NO

LEAKAGE: NO RAGS & DEBRIS: YES

ODORS: NO WEAR: GOOD

RUN DRY: YES LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT

SUCTION LIFT: YES

EFFICIENCY: GOOD

COST: LOW INITIAL COST

Hose

Outlet, Discharge

PERISTALTIC PUMPS PERISTALTIC PUMPS (Hose Pumps)(Hose Pumps)

Inlet, SuctionAs the drive turns, the “Shoe” or “Roller” pinches

the hose and pumps the sludge as it advances.

PERISTALTIC PUMPSPERISTALTIC PUMPS

PROS CONS NEUTRAL

HEADS: UP TO 188 PSI FLOW: UP TO 120 GPM SOLIDS: YES

SCUM: YES WEAR: SHORT HOSE LIFE - BIGGEST COMPLAINT

ABRASIVES: YES

COMPLAINT

SHEAR SENSITIVE: N0 SLURRIES: YES

EXTERNAL VALVES: NO RAGS & DEBRIS: YES

LEAKAGE: NO LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT

ODORS: NO SUCTION LIFT: YES

RUN DRY: YES EFFICIENCY: GOOD

COST: MEDIUM INITIAL COST

Let’s Look At Some

Metering Pumps!

Reciprocating Diaphragm Metering Pump Stroke Cycle

Suction Stroke

Complete.

Fluid chamber is

full.

Suction Stroke

Begins:

Discharge valve

closes, suction

valve opens,

chamber fills.

Discharge

Stroke Begins:

Discharge

valve opens,

suction valve

closes

Discharge

Stroke

Complete.

Fluid in

chamber is

displaced.

Gear Pump

Air Operated

Diaphragm Pump

Displacement per revolution not

adjustable. Not linear from high to low

RPMs due to slip at low speed.

Displacement per stroke not adjustable.

Not repeatable due to variable air

pressure, flexible diaphragm.

What claims to be a Metering Pump, but isn’t?

Peristaltic

Pump

Progressing

Cavity Pump

Displacement per revolution not

adjustable. Tube stretch prevents

repeatability.

Displacement per revolution not

adjustable. Chemical incompatibility

common w/ rotor.

Chemical Feed System Accessories

Back Pressure Valve

PulsationDampener

Pressure Gauge

PressureRelief

SuctionStrainer

JUST REMEMBER ONE THING:JUST REMEMBER ONE THING:

““IF THE PUMP DONIF THE PUMP DON’’T FIT, T FIT,

IT WONIT WON’’T PUMP THE T PUMP THE

..........................””!!..........................””!!

THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND ATTENTION.