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OBSERVATION

INFERENCE

CONTROLLING VARIABLES

1. WHAT TO CHANGE

(CV)

2. WHAT TO MEASURE

(OV)

3. WHAT KEEP THE

SAME

TESTED S.P.S

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MAKING A HYPOTHESIS

RELATIONSHIP

INTERPRETING DATA

4. CONCLUSION

1.TREND / PATTERN

2. AIM / PURPOSE

3. PREDICTION

TESTED S.P.S

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SECTIONB

GRAPH

TABLEDIAGRAM

STATEMENT

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A group of pupils doing afair test. They measured 10ml of water in a measuringcylinder. When they putmarbles the level of waterwill rise up. When they putone marble the level of

water is 12 ml, two marbles14 ml, three marbles 16 mland four marbles 18 ml.

STATEMENT

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NUMBER OF MARBLES LEVEL OF WATER / ml

1 12

2 14

3 16

4 18

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Number ofmarbles Level of water / ml

12

14

16

18

TABLE

CVOV

MV

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12

14

16

18

Number of

marbles

Level of water / ml OV/MV

CV

GRAPH

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1012

14

16 18

DIAGRAM

CV

OV

Number of marbles

Level of water / ml

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1. WHAT TO CHANGE

(CV)

2. WHAT TO MEASURE /

OBSERVE (OV / MV)

3. WHAT KEEP THE

SAME (KS)

CONTROLLING VARIABLES

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1.

2.

3.

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Number of eggs Weight of eggs/ gram

100

200

300

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Number ofmarbles

Level of water /ml

0 10

1 12

2 14

3 16

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Number of bricksThe distance of the toy car /meter

1 12 2

3 3

C

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A

B

C

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The height of theball fall/ cm

Numbers of bouncesmade

20 10

30 20

40 30

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30 minutes 35 minutes 40 minutes

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Size of the paracutes Time taken to land / minutes

Small 30

Medium 35

Large 40

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-

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

4 6 8 10 12

Ais

Number of ice cubes (CV)

Volume of

water

collected (ml)

(OV)

FROM THE GRAPH

Screen

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Torch light

Object

ScreenShadow

The dictance ofthe object fromtorch light / cm

Size of the shadow

10 Large

15 Medium

20 Small

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Parameter Objects

Volume of water

Size of sponge

Number of brick

Distance of toy car

Temperature of water

Type of soil

Except:

Time, Day, Week, Month and Year

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1) RELATIONSHIP / CONCLUSION

As the CV increase / decrease the OV increase / decrease

2) AIM / PURPOSE

To investigate the relationship between CV and OV

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Time taken /minutes

(WTC)

0 5 10 15 20 25

Reading of

temperature /0

(WTO)

100 75 60 45 30 15

1) What is the RELATIONSHIPbetween the things you

changed and observed?

As the time taken increases the reading of temperature

decreases.

2) What CONCLUSION can be drawn from this fair test?

As the CV the OV

THE ANSWER:

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{ Relationship/ conclusion }

1. Identify the two variables involved in the experiment

2. Study the trend of changes

3. Use the key words

No. of marbles Length of the spring (cm)

3

6

9

increaseincrease

B. State the relationship between the variables

As the ....................... ..................... the ............................... ...........

C. What conclusion can be made from the investigation?

As the ....................... ..................... the ................................................

5

10

15

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Time taken / minutes 0 5 10 15 20 25

Reading oftemperature / 0C

100 75 60 45 30 15

1) What is the AIM of this investigation?

2) What is the PURPOSE of this fair test?

To find out relationship between WTC and WTM.

To find out relationship between time taken

reading of temperature.

and

THE ANSWER:

{ AIM / PURPOSE }

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A In the investigation :

i. what to change .....................................................

ii. What to observe .....................................................

{ AIM / PURPOSE }

1. Identify the two variables involved in the experiment

2. Used the key words

No. of marbles Length of the Spring (cm)

3

6

9What tochangeWhat tomeasure

c) What is the aim of the investigation ?

To find out the relationship between................................and.............................

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