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WELCOME

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BASIC RULES

•PARTICIPATION IS ESSENTIAL

•LET US HAVE THE BENEFIT OF YOUR EXPERIENCE

•ENCOURAGE OTHERS TO PARTICIPATE

•ASK QUESTIONS IF YOU ARE UNSURE

•SAY WHAT YOU THINK

•ENJOY THE OPPORTUNITY

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SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIESSession 10930 – 0945 INTRODUCTION0945 – 1045 TECHNIQUES OF HAZARD IDENTIFICATION1045 – 1100 TEA BREAK

Session 21100 – 1200 - DEVIATIONS IN A CHEMICAL PLANT 1200 – 1245 - INTRODUCTION TO HAZOP1245 – 1300 - INTRODUCTION TO SYNDICATED EXERCISES1300 – 1345 - LUNCH BREAK

Session 31345 – 1500 - PREPARATION BY THE PARTICIPANTS  Session 4

1500 – 1730 - PRESENTATION BY THE PARTICIPANTS  

 

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TECHNIQUES OF HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

D.K. JOSHI

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What is an accident?

AN ACCIDENT IS AN UNINTENDED, UNEXPECTED OR

UNFORESEEN OCCURRENCE, WHICH HAS A PROBABILITY OF

CAUSING PERSONAL INJURY, PROPERTY DAMAGE OR

ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE

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HAZARDHAZARD IS A

PHYSICAL SITUATION WITH A POTENTIAL

FOR HUMAN INJURY, DAMAGE TO

PROPERTY, DAMAGE TO ENVIRONMENT OR

A COMBINATION OF THESE

RISKRISK IS A

MEASURE OF BOTH THE

PROBABILITY AND CONSEQUENCES

OF ALL HAZARDS IN AN ACTIVITY

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TYPES OF HAZARDS

• PHYSICAL HEAT, COLD, LIGHT, NOISE, RADIATIONS

• CHEMICALFLAMMABLE

EXPLOSIVE

TOXIC

•MECHANICALPROTRUDING / MOVING PARTSFALLING OBJECTSMATERIAL

HANDLING (MECH./MANUAL)

WORKING AT HEIGHT

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TYPES OF HAZARDS – cont.

• ELECTRICAL SHOCKS

BURNS

• PSYCHOLOGICALHOSTILITY

ANXIETY

AGGRESSIVENESS

DEPRESSION

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ELEMENTS OF ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROGRAM

• IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARD

• ELIMINATION OF HAZARD

• PROTECTION OF HAZARD

• TRANSFER OF HAZARD

• ACCEPTANCE OF HAZARD

• MITIGATION OF EFFECTS OF RESIDUAL HAZARD

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HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES

• BASIC SENSES• SAFETY SAMPLING• JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS• HAZOP• FAILURE MODE & EFFECT ANALYSIS• INCIDENCE RECALL TECHNIQUE• TREE ANALYSIS - FAULT / EVENT• SAFETY INSPECTION / AUDIT

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BASIC SENSESTHIS TECHNIQUE IS USED BY THE OPERATOR WHERE HE USES HIS SENSES SUCH AS

THOSE OF SEEING, HEARING, FEELING, SMELLING OR

TASTING

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SAFETY SAMPLINGTHE TECHNIQUE IS BASED

ON RANDOM SAMPLING APPLICATION OF

PROBABILITY THEORY, WHICH IS USED IN

PRODUCTION CONTROL

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JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

THIS TECHNIQUE INVOLVES

IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH STEP OF THE JOB AND

DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR HAZARD ELIMINATION

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HAZOP – HAZARD AND OPERABILITY STUDY

THE APPLICATION OF A FORMAL, SYSTEMATIC, CRITICAL EXAMINATION

OF THE PROCESS AND ENGINEERING INTENTIONS OF THE NEW FACILITIES, TO

ASSESS THE HAZARD POTENTIAL OF MALFUNCTION OR MALOPERATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT AND THE CONSEQUENTIAL EFFECTS ON

THE FACILITY AS A WHOLE

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FAULT TREE ANALYSIS

IT IS A

‘STRUCTURED COMMON SENSE DIAGRAM’

WHICH TRACES ALL THE EVENTS WHICH LEAD TO THE UNDESIRED

EVENT

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FAILURE MODE & EFFECT ANALYSIS

IN THIS ANALYSIS, FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION OF A COMPONENT OF THE SYSTEM IS CONSIDERED

ALONGWITH ITS MODE OF FAILURE.

CONSEQUENCES OF THE FAILURE ARE TRACED THROUGHOUOT THE

SYSTEM.

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INCIDENCE RECALL TECHNIQUE

IT INVOLVES SELECTION OF PARTICIPANTS FROM VARIOUS SECTIONS

OF AN AREA OR DEPARTMENT OF THE FACTORY.

THESE PARTICIPANTS ARE INTERVIEWED TO RECALL INCIDENTS WHICH COULD

HAVE GIVEN RISE TO ACCIDENT

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SAFETY AUDIT

SAFETY AUDIT IS A SYSTEMATIC, CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF AN

INDUSTRIAL OPERATION TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL HAZARDS AND LEVELS OF

RISK MANAGEMENT EVALUATION OF

COMPANY-WIDE HEALTH AND SAFETY CONTROL FROM WHICH TO DEVELOP LONG-TERM PLANS AND FINANCIAL

PROVISION

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SAFETY INSPECTION

IDENTIFYING THE CONDITIONS IN A GIVEN WORKPLACE TO ENABLE ACTION TO BE TAKEN SO THAT STANDARDS ARE MAINTAINED

THROUGH ONGOING PROGRAMMES AND BUDGETS IN BOTH THE SHORT

AND MEDIUM-TERM