Technology Interactions ‹ Chapter Title Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Technology Interactions
Air and space technologies rely on aerospace—the study of how things fly.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
To Fly Like a BirdHumans tried using feathers and wood to construct wings like a bird’s.
Humans don’t have the muscle power and hollow bone structure to fly like birds.
Humans learned to use technology to fly.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
What Makes Things Fly?An object will not change speed or direction unless a force acts on it.
Thrust is a forward force.
Lift is an upward force.
Fluid friction, or drag, slows down a moving object. Gravity pulls objects toward earth.
Momentum is the connection between how fast an object is moving and the mass of the object.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
ThrustOn jet airplanes, thrust is created by the plane’s engines.
On propeller planes, engines make the propellers spin, creating thrust.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
LiftThe Bernoulli effect: a fast-moving fluid exerts less pressure than a slow-moving fluid.
Airfoil: a shape designed to produce useful motion from the flow of air.
Wings and propellers are airfoils that help create lift.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Controlling Propeller Airplanes
Ailerons make the plane roll from side to side.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Controlling Propeller Airplanes
The rudder makes the plane turn left or right.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Controlling Propeller Airplanes
Elevators make the plane dive and climb.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Jet Engines
Jet engines use Newton’s third law of motion: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
RocketsRockets use Newton’s third law of motion.
Rockets carry their own oxygen with them so they can operate in space.
The nozzle at the base of a rocket’s engine can swivel to direct the hot gases in different directions, allowing the rocket to change direction.
Rockets are powered by solid fuel boosters or liquid fuel boosters.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Solid Fuel BoostersSolid fuel boosters contain a solid propellant.
Once solid fuel is ignited, it must burn completely.
Technology Interactions Chapter 7 Air and Space Technologies Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-HillA Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Liquid Fuel BoostersLiquid fuel boosters burn liquid hydrogen and oxygen.
Liquid fuel engines can be turned on and off.
