Date post: | 14-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | clifton-lynch |
View: | 213 times |
Download: | 1 times |
Technology Outlook and Market Transitions for Thin Film Disks
Presented by
Michael A. Russak, Ph.D., President and CTO
Komag, Inc
at
The IDEMA Financial Conference
Westin Hotel, Santa Clara, CA
November 4, 2004
Ever Shrinking Bit Size
• Consequences of Shrinking Bit Size – Loss of Signal SNR must improve– Less grains/bit SNR must improve– More sensitive to defects – Thermal stability problems
60 Gb/in2 2800 x 380 Å 170 (80 Å)
90 Gb/in2 2000 x 365 Å 150 (70 Å)
120 Gb/in2 1540 x 350 Å 128 (65 Å)
Areal Density Bit size # Grains (size)
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
10
100
1000
10
1520
3040
60
80120
160240
320480
640960
1280
1920
100% CAGR60% CAGR40% CAGRDTR @ MR160DTR @ MR240DTR @ MR320
PerpendicularPerpendicular
Areal Density & Capacity vs. Time
YearYear
Are
al D
ensi
ty (
Gb
/inA
real
Den
sity
(G
b/in
22 ))
ConventionalConventional
SAFSAF
PatternedPatterned
HAMRHAMR
Long. AD DemoLong. AD Demo135 Gb/in135 Gb/in22
853 kbpi, 158 ktpi853 kbpi, 158 ktpi
Perp. AD DemoPerp. AD Demo111Gb/in111Gb/in22
850 kbpi, 131 ktpi850 kbpi, 131 ktpi
Current Longitudinal Media Structure Comparison
Ru
Mag. 1
Mag. 2
Stabilizing Layer
SAF Longitudinal Media Design
Synthetic Anti-Ferromagnetic
Underlayer 1
Underlayer 2
Mag 1
Mag. 2
Conventional
Conventional LongitudinalMedia Design
Underlayer 1
Underlayer 2
Nucleation Layer
Carbon Film
Carbon Film\
Challenges of SAF Media Manufacturing
• Some capital expense to upgrade existing sputter equipment
• Addition of more sputter chambers and/cathodes for additional layer deposition
• Rebalance sputter throughputs
• Very evolutionary process
1
10
100
1000
10000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Are
al D
ensi
ty (
Gb
/in
2)
Year
Product Introductions
Areal Density Trend
100 %
20 GB
30 GB40 GB
60 GB80 GB
100 GB
120 GB
30 %
160 GB240 GB
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
Th
ick
nes
s S
epar
atio
n(Å
)
20 50 100 150
Areal Density (Gb/in2)
Fly height
Half Mag Thk
Disk O/C
Head O/C
PTR
PTP
Magnetic Spacing Budget
GMR Head
A New Tribology Environment
CONTACT
recession
Typical minimum fl y height
2- 3nmalumina protrusion
AlTiC/ Al O2 3
Al OGMR transducer
2 3
alumina protrusion
Design implications: Head-disk clearance improvement A more particle tolerant interface Magnetic design point must be selected to reduce Iw
requirement
CoCrPt-Oxide Perpendicular Media Structure
Inter-layers
Substrate (AlMg or Glass)Substrate (AlMg or Glass)
OvercoatOvercoat
CoCrPtOCoCrPtO Hard Magnetic Layer (~15 nm)Hard Magnetic Layer (~15 nm)
Seed LayerSeed LayerRu (10 – 40 nm)Ru (10 – 40 nm)
Ru layer(AFC – coupled)
Soft Magnetic Layer (100 – 200 nm)Soft Magnetic Layer (100 – 200 nm)
Challenges for Perpendicular Media Manufacturing
• More difficult than SAF evolution• Disparate film thickness, (SUL and multilayer
magnetic structures), present throughput challenges
• Approaches under consideration– Process development to accommodate existing
equipment
– Buy new equipment
– Two tool strategy
Discrete Track Recording (DTR) Technology
250nm 550nm
60nm
Land-groove cross-section
Cross-sectional TEM: Close-up
75 n
mMagneticlayers
NiP
Carbon Longitudinal – Oriented Media
BF TEM Image of DTR Disk
Perpendicular Media
Source: TrendFOCUS 2004 Rigid Disk Media Information System
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2004 2005 2006 2007
466.58
528.78
572.15
615.94
12.2%
13.3%
8.2%
7.7%10.3% CAGR
307.32
351.65
380.80
401.30
9%
14%
8%
5% 9.2% CAGR
107.94128.95
143.25 165.40
21%19%
11%15%
16.6% CAGR
37.25 29.50 23.40 19.70-2% -21% -21% -16% -15.1% CAGR
10.05 13.04 14.97 16.8097% 30% 15% 22% 34.7% CAGR4.02 5.64 9.73 12.74185% 40% 73% 31% 73.4% CAGR
Total Units
95mm
65-75mm
84mm48mm
<=27mm
Total Media Market Forecast (000) by Size
Disk Form Factor Migrations
• Desktop and Consumer Electronics (CE)– 95 mm Diameter is the mainstay of desktop
computer and large capacity CE applications– Exclusively AlMg media with micro-actuators
for heads and/or increased thickness to deal with TMR issues
Disk Form Factor Migrations
• Portable PC Applications– 65 mm Diameter; Mainstay of portable PC
applications– Exclusively glass based media
• AlMg may be lurking
– 48 mm based HDD gaining some traction in mini-portable PC applications
Disk Form Factor Migrations
• 48 mm: I-pod & Mini Portable PCs– Exclusively glass based media
• AlMg may be lurking
• 27 mm: Mini-I-pod, Cameras, etc.– Exclusively glass based media
• 21 mm: Cell phones and smaller consumer application – Exclusively glass based media
Summary & Conclusions
• While Areal Density Growth Rate has slowed, technology remains extendable and viable – The physics of recording remains the same
– Extend longitudinal recording
– Enable perpendicular recording
– Discreet track and/or patterned media
• Mechanical tolerances and requirements have become much more demanding.