TechSavvy mv

October 2010 Issue

THE IN-HOUSE MAGAZINE FOR THE STUDENTS OF HCL CDC MAYUR VIHAR

ivers do not drink their own water, nor do tree eat their own fruit, nor do rain clouds eat the

grains reared by them. The wealth of the noble is used solely for the benefit of others? Even

after accepting that giving is good and that one must learn to give, several questions need to be an-

swered. The first question is when should one give? We all know the famous incident from the Ma-

habharata. Yudhisthir, asks a beggar seeking alms to come the next day. On this, Bhim rejoices, that

Yudhisthir his brother, has conquered death! For he is sure that he will be around tomorrow to give.

Yudhisthir gets the message. One does not know really whether one will be there tomorrow to give!

The time to give therefore is now. The next question is how much to give. One recalls the famous inci-

dent from history. Rana Pratap was reeling after defeat from the Moghals. He had lost his army, he

had lost his wealth, and most important he had lost hope, his will to fight. At that time in his darkest

hour, his erstwhile minister Bhamasha came seeking him and placed his entire fortune at the disposal

of Rana Pratap. With this, Rana Pratap raised an army and lived to fight another day. The answer to

this question how much to give is "Give as much as you can!

The next question is what to give. It is not only money that can be given. It could be a flower or even

a smile. It is not how much one gives but how one gives that really matters. When you give a smile to

a stranger that may be the only good thing received by him in days and weeks! "You can give anything

but you must give with your heart! One also needs answer to this question whom to give.

Many times we avoid giving by finding fault with the person who is seeking. However, being judg-

mental and rejecting a person on the presumption that he may not be the most deserving is not justi-

fied. “Give without being judgmental!

Next we have to answer How to give? Coming to the manner of giving, one has to ensure that the re-

ceiver does not feel humiliated, nor does the giver feel proud by giving. In giving follow the advice,

’Let not your left hand know what your right hand gives? Charity without publicity and fanfare is the

highest form of charity. 'Give quietly!

While giving let not the recipient feel small or humiliated. After all what we give never really be-

longed to us. We come to this world with nothing and will go with nothing. The thing gifted was only

with us for a temporary period. Why then take pride in giving away something which really did not

belong to us? Give with grace and with a feeling of gratitude.

When you help someone in need, give it before he asks for it; for if you place him under the necessity

of stretching out his hand, you take away from him his self-respect which is worth more than the value

of your alms. What should one feel after giving? We all know the story of Eklavya. When Dro-

nacharya asked him for his right thumb as "Guru Dakshina", he unhesitatingly cut off the thumb and

gave it to Dronacharya. There is a little known sequel to this story. Eklavya was asked whether he ever

regretted the act of giving away his thumb. He replied, and the reply has to be believed to be true, as it

was asked to him when he was dying. His reply was "Yes! I regretted this only once in my life. It was

when Pandavas were coming in to kill Dronacharya who was broken hearted on the false news of

death of his son Ashwathama and had stopped fighting. It was then that I regretted the loss of my

thumb. If the thumb was there, no one could have dared hurt my Guru. The message to us is clear.

Give and never regret giving!

And the last question is How much should we provide for our heirs? Ask yourself 'are we taking away

from them the gift of work'? - A source of happiness! The answer is given by Warren Buffett: "Leave

your kids enough to do anything, but not enough to do nothing!

Let us learn the Art of Giving, and quoting Saint Kabir: “When the wealth in the house increases,

when water fills a boat, Throw them out with both hands."

Gyan Guru

In the mid-1990‟s, James Gosling, a Ca-nadian born computer programmer, in-vented Java– a new programming lan-guage that revolutionized the Internet. Although he had developed important programs before Java and has since gone on to do more groundbreaking work for Sun Microsystems, Java is Gos-ling‟s true legacy. Ironically, Java was never meant to be programming lan-guage. It actually started out as a simple solution to a problem in another of Sun‟s research project, the Green Project. However, with the help of Sun luminary Bill Joy, Java quickly emerged on its own and became the first universal program-ming language, able to run on almost any computer platform. Within a decade of its debut, Java had been used for everything from web pages to cell phones, and Gosling has become some-thing of a rock star in the computer world. At Sun, his early role was as lead engi-neer of the NeWS window system. He did the original design of the Java pro-gramming language and implemented its original compiler and virtual machine. He has been a contributor to the Real-Time Specification for Java, as well as a re-searcher at Sun labs, where his primary interest was software development tools. Mr. Gosling has a BS in Computer Sci-ence from the University of Calgary and a PhD in Computer Science from Carne-gie-Mellon University, where he did his thesis on "The Algebraic Manipulation of Constraints." He is an Officer of the Order of Canada, a Member of the National Academy of Engineering, and a Fellow of the Asso-ciation for the Advancement of Science." He has also made major contributions to several other software systems, such as NeWS and Gosling Emacs. He co-wrote the "bundle" program, a utility thoroughly detailed in Brian Kernighan and Rob Pike's book The Unix Programming Envi-ronment.

Simplicity and Power "evil twin brothers" - "Building systems that have a lot of power just attracts complexity. Because of the way that the world has become so interconnected it helps to have systems where it carries over from one do-main to another. You can do web presentation stuff really well in PHP but you couldn't write a library that does, say, interplanetary naviga-tion."

James Gosling

ames Gosling is a famous software developer and computer scientist, who is best known as the father of

the Java programming language.

Education and career In 1977, James Gosling received a B.Sc in Computer Science from the Univer-sity of Calgary. In 1983, he earned a PhD in Computer Science from Carne-gie Mellon University, and his doctoral thesis was titled “The Algebraic Manipu-lation of Constraints”. While working to-wards his doctorate, he wrote a version of emacs (gosmacs), and before joining Sun Microsystems he built a multi-processor version of Unix[1] while at Carnegie Mellon University, as well as several compilers and mail sys-tems. Since 1984, Gosling has been with Sun Microsystems, and is generally known best as the founder of the Java programming language.

Contributions He is generally credited as the inventor of the Java programming language in 1994. He did the original design of Java and implemented its original compiler and virtual machine. For this achieve-ment he was elected to the United States National Academy of Engineer-ing. He has also made major contributions to sev-eral other software systems, such as NeWS and Gosling Emacs. He also co wrote the “bundle” program, a utility thoroughly detailed in Brian Kernighan and Rob Pike‟s book The Unix Pro-gramming Environment. He also built a WYSIWYG text editor, a constraint based drawing editor and a text editor called „Emacs‟ for Unix systems. Over the years he has built satellite data

acquisition systems, a multiprocessor

version of Unix, several compilers, mail

systems and window managers, as well

At Carnegie-Mellon University in Phila-delphia, he did his doctorate where he developed a text editor called “Emacs,” which became the most widely used Unix text editor. After completing his doctorate in computer science in 1983, Dr. Gosling worked briefly as a re-searcher for IBM and then, in Septem-ber 1984, accepted an invitation to join a small startup company in California - Sun Microsystems. There he pursued his interest in networking techniques and products. In 1990 he became part of a team called the Green project that was developing new networking tools. The rise of the World Wide Web en-abled him to conjure up a system where “applets” of applications move through the Internet and provide multimedia ca-pabilities on any computer. Launched in 1995, Java has freed programmers from the confines of proprietary sys-tems. Applications can run on com-puters across the Internet regardless of the operating system they use. At Sun his early activity was as lead en-gineer of the NeWS window system. He did the original design of the Java pro-gramming language and implemented its original compiler and virtual machine. Currently, he is acting as Vice Presi-dent and Sun Fellow with Sun Micro-systems Inc. and actively contributing in sun‟s new innovations and products. He is still exploring the new java horizons.

Personal Corner He enjoys being an amateur chef and

living in Redwood City, halfway be-

tween San Francisco and San Jose,

with his wife Judy and daughters Kate

and Kelsey

HCL CDC Mayur Vihar held an

IT seminar on Windows Server

2008 and MCITP Certifications on

25th September 2010.

The students and their friends

attended the seminar conducted by

Mr. Sandeep Dahiya .

Vishvakarma

pooja

celebrations

How Many….????

How many first year engineering students does it take to change

a light bulb?

Ans: None. That's a second year subject.

How many second year engineering students does it take to

change a light bulb?

Ans: One, but the rest of the class copies the report.

How many third year engineering students does it take to change

a light bulb?

Ans:"Will this question be in the final examination?"

How many civil engineers does it take to change a light bulb?

Ans:Two. One to do it and one to steady the chandelier.

How many electrical engineers does it take to change a light

bulb?

Ans: None. They simply redefine darkness as the industry stan-

dard.

How many computer engineers does it take to change a light

bulb?

Ans: "Why bother? The socket will be obsolete in six months

anyway."

How many mechanical engineers does it take to change a light

bulb?

Ans: Five. One to decide which way the bulb ought to turn, one

to calculate the force required, one to design a tool with which to

turn the bulb, one to design a comfortable - but functional - hand

grip, and one to use all this equipment.

How many nuclear engineers does it take to change a light bulb?

Ans: Seven. One to install the new bulb and six to figure out

what to do with the old one for the next 10,000 years.

Arun ( HCNE-03)

The Tourist

A foreign tourist hired a guide to take him

around Delhi and Agra. At the Red Fort at

Delhi, he admired the architecture and asked

how many years it took to build. Twenty

years, replied the guide. You Indians are a

lazy lot, the tourist said. In my country, this

could have been built in five. At Agra he ad-

mired the Taj’s beauty and asked how many

years it took to build. Only ten years, said the

guide. The tourist retorted: You Indians are

slow! We can construct such buildings in two-

and-a-half. In this fashion the tourist claimed

that every building he admired could have

been built in his country in quarter the time.

Finally, when they reached the Qutab Minar,

and the tourist asked what it was, the guide

replied: I don't know. It wasn't there yesterday

evening.

Juhi Khan ( MSO-10)

Who shot Mahatma Gandhi?

A not-too-bright candidate for the police force

failed in the written examination. Since he

was the Chiefs nephew, the examiner decided

to go easy on him with the oral test. Who shot

Mahatma Gandhi?, asked the examiner. The

candidate pondered for a moment and then

asked if he could have sometime to come up

with the answer. The examiner told him to

come back the next morning.

When the would-be recruit went home, his

wife asked, Well, how did it go? Did you get

the job?. I think so, he replied. They have al-

ready got me working on a case.

Abhishek Kumar( HCNE-04)

Introduction The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used as one of the most common means of copying files between servers over the Internet. Most web based download sites use the built in FTP capabilities of web browsers and therefore most server oriented operating systems usually include an FTP server application as part of the software suite. Linux is no exception.

FTP Overview FTP relies on a pair of TCP ports to get the job done. It operates in two connection channels as I'll explain: FTP Control Channel, TCP Port 21: All com-mands you send and the ftp server's responses to those commands will go over the control connec-tion, but any data sent back (such as "ls" directory lists or actual file data in either direction) will go over the data connection. FTP Data Channel, TCP Port 20: This port is used for all subsequent data transfers between the client and server.

Types of FTP From a networking perspective, the two main types of FTP are active and passive. In active FTP, the FTP server initiates a data transfer connection back to the client. For passive FTP, the connection is initiated from the FTP client. These are illus-trated in Figure

Figure illustrates Active And Passive FTP

From a user management perspective there are also two types of FTP: regular FTP in which files are transferred using the username and password of a regular user FTP server, and anonymous FTP in which general access is provided to the FTP server using a well known universal login method. Take a closer look at each type.

Active FTP The sequence of events for active FTP is: 1. Your client connects to the FTP server by es-tablishing an FTP control connection to port 21 of the server. Your commands such as 'ls' and 'get' are sent over this connection. 2. Whenever the client requests data over the control connection, the server initiates data transfer connections back to the client. The source port of these data transfer connections is always port 20 on the server, and the destination port is a high port (greater than 1024) on the client.

1. Thus the ls listing that you asked for comes back over the port 20 to high port connection, not the port 21 control connection. FTP active mode therefore transfers data in a counter intuitive way to the TCP standard, as it selects port 20 as it's source port (not a random high port that's greater than 1024) and connects back to the client on a random high port that has been pre-negotiated on the port 21 control con-nection. Active FTP may fail in cases where the client is protected from the Internet via many to one NAT (masquerading). This is because the firewall will not know which of the many servers behind it should receive the return connection.

Passive FTP Passive FTP works differently: 1. Your client connects to the FTP server by es-tablishing an FTP control connection to port 21 of the server. Your commands such as ls and get are sent over that connection. 2. Whenever the client requests data over the control connection, the client initiates the data transfer connections to the server. The source port of these data transfer connections is always a high port on the client with a destination port of a high port on the server. Passive FTP should be viewed as the server never making an active attempt to connect to the client for FTP data transfers. Because client al-ways initiates the required connections, passive FTP works better for clients protected by a firewall. As Windows defaults to active FTP, and Linux de-faults to passive, you'll probably have to accom-modate both forms when deciding upon a security policy for your FTP server.

Regular FTP By default, the VSFTPD package allows regular Linux users to copy files to and from their home directories with an FTP client using their Linux usernames and passwords as their login creden-tials. VSFTPD also has the option of allowing this type of access to only a group of Linux users, enabling you to restrict the addition of new files to your sys-tem to authorized personnel. The disadvantage of regular FTP is that it isn't suitable for general download distribution of soft-ware as everyone either has to get a unique Linux user account or has to use a shared username and password. Anonymous FTP allows you to avoid this difficulty.

Anonymous FTP Anonymous FTP is the choice of Web sites that need to exchange files with numerous unknown remote users. Common uses include downloading software updates and MP3s and uploading diag-nostic information for a technical support engi-neers' attention. Unlike regular FTP where you login with a preconfigured Linux username and password, anonymous FTP requires only a user-name of anonymous and your email address for the password. Once logged in to a VSFTPD server, you automatically have access to only the default anonymous FTP directory (/var/ftp in the case of VSFTPD) and all its subdirectories.

How To Download And Install VSFTPD

Most Linux software products are available in a precompiled package format. Downloading and installing packages isn't hard. If you need a refresher When searching for the file, remember that the VSFTPD packages' filename usually starts with the word vsftpd followed by a version number, as in vsftpd-1.2.1-5.i386.rpm for Redhat/Fedora or vsftpd_2.0.4-0ubuntu4_i386.deb for Ubuntu.

How To Get VSFTPD Started With Fedora, Redhat, Ubunbtu and Debian You can start, stop, or restart VSFTPD after booting by using these commands: [root@server tmp]# /etc/init.d/vsftpd start With Redhat / Fedora you can configure VSFTPD to start at boot you can use the chkconfig command. [root@server tmp]# chkconfig vsftpd on With Ubuntu / Debian the sysv-rc-conf com-mand can be used like this: root@server :/tmp# sysv-rc-conf on

Testing the Status of VSFTPD You can always test whether the VSFTPD process is running by using the netstat -a com-mand which lists all the TCP and UDP ports on which the server is listening for traffic. This ex-ample shows the expected output. [root@server root]# netstat -a | grep ftp If VSFTPD wasn't running, there would be no output at all. Anonymous Upload

If you want remote users to write data to your FTP server, then you should create a write-only directory within /var/ftp/pub. This will allow your users to upload but not access other files up-loaded by other users. The commands you need are: [root@server tmp]# mkdir /var/ftp/pub/upload

By Rajan Prabha Bohra

FTP SERVER

andhi Jayanti celebrates the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi popularly known as the Father of the Nation. Born on the 2nd of Octo-ber 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. He is known for his invaluable con-tribution in India's freedom struggle. His principles of truth, non-

violence and honesty are still remembered today. Mahatma Gandhi was an in-tensely active personality. He was interested in everything that concerns the indi-vidual or society. He is best known as the matchless political leader who evolved the new technique of "satyagraha". His fight against untouchability and the no-tions of superiority and inferiority by birth are also fairly well known. For India, his greatest service was, perhaps, the emancipation of Indian women. While his stay in South Africa in the earlier part of his life, he protested against the colonial and racial discrimination and the Asiatic (Black) Act and the Transvaal Immigration Act with the aid of a brilliant strategic move of starting a non-violent civil disobedi-ence movement. Mahatma Gandhi's contribution towards bringing peace and non-violence to this world is unparalleled. His teachings must be promoted to re-solve current conflicts, avoid violence, find peaceful solutions and to make our world a better place to live. Here are some of unknown facts about the great leader...

(1) Mahatma Gandhi spoke English with an Irish accent, for one of his first teach-ers was an Irishman.

(2) He was educated at London University and became an attorney. But the first time he attempted to make a speech in court, his knees trembled, and he was so frightened that he had to sit down in confusion and defeat.

(3) As a lawyer in London, he got nowhere at all. He was practically a failure there. Years before, when he first came to England, his Irish teacher made him copy the Sermon on the Mount, over and over again, purely as an exercise in English. Hour after hour, Gandhi wrote “Blessed are the meek, for they shall in-herit the earth. . . . Blessed are the peacemakers for they shall be called the chil-dren of God,” and these words made a profound impression on him.

(4) Later, he was sent to South Africa to collect some huge debts; and he tried to apply there the philosophy of the Sermon on the Mount. And it worked. Clients flocked to Gandhi because he settled their claims peacefully out of court and saved them time and expense.

(5) His income during those days in South Africa touched fifteen thousand dollars a year! Something still a dream for most Indians !

(6) However, despite this worldly success he was not happy. On seeing the un-told misery of millions of his fellow countrymen; on seeing thousand of them dy-ing of starvation; the worldly success seemed cheap and unimportant to him. He gave up all his money and „took the vow of poverty, and since that time, he con-secrated his life to helping the poor and the downtrodden.

(7) On seeing the hopeless condition of one tenth of India which was living in a hungry and half-starved state, Mahatma Gandhi pleaded with them to cease bringing children into a world filled with so much misery and want.

(8) Mahatma Gandhi experimented with diets to see how cheaply he could live and remain healthy. He started living principally on fruit and goats‟ milk and olive oil.

(9) Mahatma Gandhi never visited the US, but he had many American fans and followers. One of his more unusual admirers was Henry Ford. Gandhi sent him an autographed charkha (spinning wheel) through a journalist emissary. During the darkest days of the Second World War, Ford, who was struck by the charkha‟s “mechanical simplicity and high moral purpose,” would often spin on “the symbol of economic independence that Gandhi had sent.

(10) Mahatma Gandhi inspired millions of people world over to take the path of non-violence and civil disobedience. 5 world leaders who got Noble Peace prize viz. Martin Luther King Jr. (USA), Dalai Lama (Tibet), Aung San Suu Kyi (Myanmar), Nelson Mandela (S. Africa) and Adolfo Perez Esquivel (Argentina) have acknowledged the fact that they were influenced by the philosophy of Gan-dhi. Yet, Mahatma Gandhi; the man who inspired these Nobel Peace Prize win-ners, never got a Noble Prize !

Gandhi Jayanti

he Commonwealth Games is an international, multi-sport event which has been held every 4 years and features competitions involving thousands of elite athletes from members of the Commonwealth of Nations. Since then, the Commonwealth

Games have been held every four years, except for the period during the Second World War. After Olympics, Commonwealth Games is the second largest sports festival in the world. The Games have been known by various names such as the British Empire Games, Friendly Games and British Commonwealth Games. Since 1978, they have been known as the Commonwealth Games. Reverend Ashley Cooper was the first person to propose the idea of having a Pan-Britannic sporting contest to foster a spirit of goodwill and under-standing within the British Empire. In 1928, a key Canadian athlete, Bobby Robinson, was given the task of organizing the first ever Commonwealth Games. These Games were held in 1930, in the city of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada and saw the participation of 400 athletes from eleven countries. Originally having only single competition sports, the 1998 Com-monwealth Games at Kuala Lumpur saw a major change when team sports such as cricket, hockey and netball made their first appearance.

In 2001, the Games Movement adopted the three values of Humanity, Equality and Des-tiny as the core values of the Commonwealth Games. These values inspire and connect thousands of people and signify the broad mandate for holding the Games within the Commonwealth.

The 2010 Commonwealth Games is the nineteenth Commonwealth Games, and the ninth to be held under that name. The Games are being held in Delhi, India from 3 to 14 Octo-ber 2010, the largest multi-sport event conducted to date in Delhi and India, which has previously hosted the Asian Games in 1951 and 1982. The opening ceremony is taking

place at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event. It is also the first time the Commonwealth Games is held in India and the second time the event has been

held in Asia.

Shera is the mascot for the 2010 Commonwealth Games. His name comes from the Hindi word Sher – meaning

tiger. Shera is said to represent the modern Indian; he is an achiever with a positive attitude, a global citizen but

justifiably proud of his nation’s ancient heritage, and a fierce competitor but with integrity and honesty. Shera is

also a ‘large-hearted gentleman’ who loves making friends and enthusing people to ‘come out and play’.

17 Sports to feature in XIX Commonwealth Games

The XIX Commonwealth Games

CWG LOGO

CWG Mascot-

SHERA

Scientific and spiritual truths of Navaratri

The word "Navaratri" denotes nine nights of special impor-

tance and significance. For these nine days, the Divine Shakti

principle (Devi) is worshipped until night time. The word

"ratri" (night) implies occult power from a spiritual perspec-

tive. Saints and seers in India (Bharat) have regarded night

time with more importance than day time.

The Navaratri fall in the twilight period between two natural

seasons. The scientific reason for this is that during the twi-

light period, when one season ends and the next one begins,

the position of the planets and atmosphere are both very con-

ducive for the spiritual progress of human beings. Due to the

change in seasons, the chemical compositions in the human

body also change. Therefore, it is most beneficial to do vari-

ous spiritual observances during this time.

D urga puja is regarded as the most important festival of West Bengal. The city of Kolkata dresses up in a new look

for the five days of the festival. The celebration lasts for five days starting from Maha Shashti (the sixth day) and

ends with Bijoya dashami (the tenth day). The first day of the celebration starts with Bodhon on Maha-Shashti,

which is like welcoming Goddess Durga and ends with immersing the idols in the nearby rivers, lakes and seas on

the evening of Dashami. However, it is considered to immerse the idols in the sacred waters of the River Ganges. According to

mythology Goddess Durga descends to the Earth on Shashthi and returns to her abode on Dashmi. The clear blue sky, the cool

pleasant air, the beautiful fragrance of Shiuli (a type of flower of this season), the lush green fields and chanting of mantras

and shlokas of Goddess Shakti, all sum up together to create the perfect ambience for the celebration of Durga Puja, the great-

est festival of the Bengalis. The preparations for the festival are done way in advance as beautiful pandals are build in different

areas of the city these are mainly community pujas, which are mainly financed by the local people or sponsorship from big

corporate houses. Even the idol making also starts way in advance. Clay idols of Bengal are famous worldwide for the tradi-

tional way in which they are made. The people of Bengal start preparing for the festival from Mahalaya (the starting of the fes-

tive season) they decorate homes, buy gifts for fiends and relatives and new clothes for themselves and relatives for the festi-

val. The shopping plaza and markets are totally packed up from one month before the festival.

Durga puja festival is regarded as one of the biggest social event of India. Today it is celebrated not only as a religious festival

but it has a cultural and social significance as everybody takes part in its celebration. People from all religious background par-

ticipate in it. It is celebrated as a secular festival. Cultural programmes are organized in different parts of the city. During this

festive time Kolkata attracts tourists not only from India but also from different regions of the world. There is feast and music

everywhere in the city. Durga puja is that time of the year when everybody enjoys irrespective of their social status. During

this time all the colleges, schools, offices and even government organizations are closed for the ceremony. Everybody is in a

festive mood. This year Duga puja will be celebrated on the following dates:

Durga Puja 2010 Calendar:

* October, 14, 2010 MahaSaptami

* October, 15, 2010 Mahashtami

* October, 16, 2010 MahaNavami

* October, 17, 2010 Vijaya Dasami

Durga puja festival

Identify the above person…

The most luminous Indian woman, who made India proud in

the world’s eye. She touched the stars and thought of living in a

colony in mars.

Send your answers to techsavvymv@gmail.com

Last months prize won

by Rahul Raj.

Ans: Juhi Chawla