3/22/2006
1
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 1/51
Tektonik
Program lektion 88.15-9.00 Rammen og buen
9.00–9.15 Pause
9.15–10.00 Formgivning af ramme-og buekonstruktioner
KursusholderPoul Henning Kirkegaard, institut 5, Aalborg Universitet
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 2/51
Strukturelle elementer.
Stang/GitterBjælkePlade/SkiveSøjleRammeBueKabelMembran
3/22/2006
2
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 3/51
Rammekonstruktioner/Buekonstruktioner
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 4/51
3/22/2006
3
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 5/51
Ramme konstruktion
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 6/51
Rammens virkemåde
3/22/2006
4
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 7/51
Rammens virkemådeVæg Ramme Statisk system
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 8/51
Rammens virkemåde
Stive rammehjørne medfører at deformationer i søjle overføres til bjælke.
3/22/2006
5
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 9/51
Momentstive samlinger - stål
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 10/51
Momentstive samlinger - beton
3/22/2006
6
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 11/51
Momentstive samlinger - betonSkole i Otaniemi - Aalvar Aalto Kirke i Riola - Aalvar Aalto
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 12/51
Momentstive samlinger – træ ?
3/22/2006
7
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 13/51
Momentstive samlinger – træ ?Great Coxwell Barn
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 14/51
Momentstiv samlinger
3/22/2006
8
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 15/51
Statisk bestemthed - ubestemthed
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 16/51
Statisk bestemthed - ubestemthed
3/22/2006
9
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 17/51
Kræfter i 3 charniere ramme
Anvender lodret ligevægt og symmetri
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 18/51
Bestemmer kræfter i pkt. C og vandret kraft i A.Det ses at Cy = 0. Der tages moment om pkt. C om laves vandret ligevægt.
3/22/2006
10
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 19/51
Snitkræfter bestemmes .
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 20/51
3/22/2006
11
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 21/51
Rammer med hhv. stiv og blød søjle
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 22/51
Sainsbury Center - Norman Foster
3/22/2006
12
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 23/51
L’Unité d’Habiation – Le Corbusier
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 24/51
Lyon-Satolas TGV Station - Calatrava
3/22/2006
13
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 25/51
Ramme konstruktion
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 26/51
Buekonstruktioner
3/22/2006
14
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 27/51
Buekonstruktioner
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 28/51
“Funicular….” kabel/kæde der hænger
3/22/2006
15
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 29/51
“Funicular….” kabel/kæde der hænger
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 30/51
Vandrette reaktioner
3/22/2006
16
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 31/51
Kings College Cambridge
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 32/51
“Funicular….” kabel/kæde der hænger
Ved at arrangere en konstruktion med omvendt form at en hængende kabel, er det muligt at lave en konstruktion, somkun tager tryk kræfter.
3/22/2006
17
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 33/51
Kræfter versus Materialevalg
Louis Kahn: National Assembly Building, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1983.
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 34/51
Ikke “funicular” last
Kabler ændret form efter last , hvilket en buekonstruktionikke gør.
Ikke “funicular” last kan medførerindre kræfter forskellig for trykkonstruktionen bliver ustabil
Buekonstruktioner laves med rene trykkræfter for egenlast. Variabel last optages som ikke rene trykkræfter.
3/22/2006
18
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 35/51
“Funicular….” kabel/kæde der hænger
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 36/51
Gaudis kædestudier
3/22/2006
19
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 37/51
Gaudis kædestudier 1:10 model
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 38/51
The Royal Horticultural Halls,London
3/22/2006
20
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 39/51
Hangar I & II - Pier Luigi Nervi
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 40/51
Udstillingshal,Torino - Pier Luigi Nervi
3/22/2006
21
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 41/51
Los Manantiales - Candela
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 42/51
3/22/2006
22
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 43/51
Hershey Hockey Arena - Tedesko
"The most impressive example in this country of the thin concrete shell roof has recently been completed in Hershey, Pa. Of barrel type, only 3-1/2-in. thick (except at the edges) and supported by two-hinged concrete arches, the roof covers an area 232-ft. wide by 340-ft. long within which 7,180 bleacher seats surround a standard 85x200-ft. ice skating floor. Known as the Hershey Sports Arena, the new building is the home of the Hershey Hockey Club. It is built entirely of concrete to a design developed to achieve both monumental appearance and permanence at a reasonable cost."
"The most impressive example in this country of the thin concrete shell roof has recently been completed in Hershey, Pa. Of barrel type, only 3-1/2-in. thick (except at the edges) and supported by two-hinged concrete arches, the roof covers an area 232-ft. wide by 340-ft. long within which 7,180 bleacher seats surround a standard 85x200-ft. ice skating floor. Known as the Hershey Sports Arena, the new building is the home of the Hershey Hockey Club. It is built entirely of concrete to a design developed to achieve both monumental appearance and permanence at a reasonable cost."
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 44/51
Skalkonstruktion - Isler
3/22/2006
23
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 45/51
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 46/51
British Museum, London - Foster
3/22/2006
24
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 47/51
Skalkonstruktioner ?
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 48/51
Water Pavilion - NOX
3/22/2006
25
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 49/51
BMW-Pavilion - B. Franken
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 50/51
Guggenheim Bilbao- Gehry
3/22/2006
26
22-03-2006 19:53 P.H. Kirkegaard - Department of Civil Engineering Slide 51/51
Thank Youfor
Your Attention