Telecommunication & Telecommunication & NetworkingNetworking

Rashedul HasanRashedul Hasan

What is it?What is it?

TelecommunicationTelecommunication is the is the transmission of signals over a transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of distance for the purpose of communication. communication.

telecommunication typically involves telecommunication typically involves the use of electronic transmitters the use of electronic transmitters such as the telephone, television, such as the telephone, television, radio or computer.radio or computer.

Copy of Alexander Graham Copy of Alexander Graham

Bell’s original telephoneBell’s original telephone

Different usagesDifferent usages

In cities throughout the world, home In cities throughout the world, home owners use their telephones to organize owners use their telephones to organize many home services ranging from pizza many home services ranging from pizza deliveries to electricians.deliveries to electricians.

In Bangladesh's Narshingdi district, In Bangladesh's Narshingdi district, isolated villagers use cell phones to speak isolated villagers use cell phones to speak directly to wholesalers and arrange a directly to wholesalers and arrange a better price for their goods. better price for their goods.

In Cote d'Ivoire, coffee growers share In Cote d'Ivoire, coffee growers share mobile phones to follow hourly variations mobile phones to follow hourly variations in coffee prices and sell at the best price. in coffee prices and sell at the best price.

Application Application

Video conferencing & Video phoneVideo conferencing & Video phone Conference callConference call Telecommuting & virtual office.Telecommuting & virtual office.

videoconferencevideoconference

A A videoconferencevideoconference is a set of interactive is a set of interactive telecommunication technologies which allow telecommunication technologies which allow two or more locations to interact via two-way two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions video and audio transmissions simultaneously. It has also been called simultaneously. It has also been called visual visual collaboration.collaboration.

It differs from It differs from Video PhoneVideo Phone in that it is in that it is designed to serve a conference rather than designed to serve a conference rather than individuals. individuals.

Video conferencingVideo conferencing

Is the use of television video and sound Is the use of television video and sound technology as well as computers to enable technology as well as computers to enable people in different location to see, hear people in different location to see, hear and talk with one another. and talk with one another.

For a video conference, equipments can For a video conference, equipments can be set up on people’s desk, with a camera be set up on people’s desk, with a camera and microphone to capture the person and microphone to capture the person speaking and monitors and speakers for speaking and monitors and speakers for the person being spoken to. the person being spoken to.

Dual plasma display videoconferencing system. Dual plasma display videoconferencing system. The screen on the left is primarily used to show The screen on the left is primarily used to show

people during the conference or the user people during the conference or the user interface when setting up the call. The one on interface when setting up the call. The one on

the right shows data in this case but can display the right shows data in this case but can display a 2nd 'far site' in a multipoint call. a 2nd 'far site' in a multipoint call.

Video PhoneVideo Phone

President George W. Bush President George W. Bush conducting a video conference conducting a video conference

at a Air Force Baseat a Air Force Base

Components required for a VTC Components required for a VTC system include:system include:

Video inputVideo input : video camera or web cam : video camera or web cam Video outputVideo output: computer monitor , : computer monitor ,

television or projector television or projector Audio inputAudio input: microphones : microphones Audio outputAudio output: usually loudspeakers : usually loudspeakers

associated with the display device or associated with the display device or telephone telephone

Data transferData transfer: analog or digital telephone : analog or digital telephone network, LAN or Internetnetwork, LAN or Internet

There are basically two kinds There are basically two kinds of VTC systems:of VTC systems:

Dedicated systemsDedicated systems have all required have all required components packaged into a single piece of components packaged into a single piece of equipment, usually a console with a high equipment, usually a console with a high quality remote controlled video camera. quality remote controlled video camera.

Desktop systemsDesktop systems are add-ons to normal are add-ons to normal PCs, transforming them into VTC devices. A PCs, transforming them into VTC devices. A range of different cameras like web cam range of different cameras like web cam and microphones can be used with the and microphones can be used with the board, which contains the necessary codec board, which contains the necessary codec and transmission interfaces. and transmission interfaces.

Useful in Business when…..Useful in Business when…..

a live conversation is needed; a live conversation is needed; meetings on short notice.meetings on short notice. visual information is an important visual information is an important

component of the conversation; component of the conversation; the parties of the conversation can't the parties of the conversation can't

physically come to the same location; or physically come to the same location; or Time and money that used to be spent in Time and money that used to be spent in

traveling can be used to have short traveling can be used to have short meetings. meetings.

Advantages for businessAdvantages for business

Video Conferencing Increases Video Conferencing Increases ProductivityProductivity

Improves CommunicationImproves Communication Video Conferencing Saves TimeVideo Conferencing Saves Time Video Conferencing Saves MoneyVideo Conferencing Saves Money Improves EffectivenessImproves Effectiveness

Video Conferencing Video Conferencing Increases ProductivityIncreases Productivity

The ability to be in several places The ability to be in several places at once without leaving your office at once without leaving your office is the prime advantage of video is the prime advantage of video conferencing. Managers will be conferencing. Managers will be able to keep in closer contact with able to keep in closer contact with customers. This closeness will lead customers. This closeness will lead to new ideas on how to speed up to new ideas on how to speed up the development of new products the development of new products and services.and services.

Improves Communication Improves Communication

During a videoconference you can see the During a videoconference you can see the facial expressions and body language of facial expressions and body language of conference participants. These are both conference participants. These are both important aspects of communication that important aspects of communication that are lost with a basic telephone call. are lost with a basic telephone call.

From the customer’s perspective, the only From the customer’s perspective, the only person ever seen is the salesperson from person ever seen is the salesperson from your company. Wouldn’t it improve your your company. Wouldn’t it improve your business relationship with your best business relationship with your best customers if they got to meet more of your customers if they got to meet more of your internal employees? internal employees?

Video Conferencing Saves Video Conferencing Saves TimeTime

Videoconferencing lets you put together a Videoconferencing lets you put together a meeting of various people, from different meeting of various people, from different locations, for a common discussion. locations, for a common discussion. Participants can be across the country or on Participants can be across the country or on the other side of the globe. For example, you the other side of the globe. For example, you can have sites in London, New York and can have sites in London, New York and Tokyo, all with multiple personnel, participate Tokyo, all with multiple personnel, participate in the same videoconference. Otherwise you in the same videoconference. Otherwise you have to go physically the above mentioned have to go physically the above mentioned three cities. three cities.

Video Conferencing Saves Video Conferencing Saves MoneyMoney

There are, however, numerous There are, however, numerous situations where you can save a lot situations where you can save a lot of money on airfare and hotel costs, of money on airfare and hotel costs, not to mention saving the loss in not to mention saving the loss in productivity from being out of the productivity from being out of the office. office.

Improves EffectivenessImproves Effectiveness

We all know that "a picture is worth a We all know that "a picture is worth a thousand words." thousand words."

A live video call is much more effective A live video call is much more effective than a phone call in many situations. For than a phone call in many situations. For example, your engineering staff needs to example, your engineering staff needs to show one of your vendors a problem with show one of your vendors a problem with a purchased component. Visually seeing a purchased component. Visually seeing the part during a videoconference is far the part during a videoconference is far more effective and meaningful than trying more effective and meaningful than trying to describe it over the phone. to describe it over the phone.

Impact on education Impact on education faculty member keeps in touch with class while

away for a week at a conference guest lecturer brought into a class from another

institution researcher collaborates with colleagues at other

institutions on a regular basis without loss of time due to travel

faculty member participates in a thesis defense at another institution

faculty committee auditions a scholarship candidate

student interviews with an employer in another city Connects educational facilities worldwide for

distance learning and employee training

Impact on medicine and Impact on medicine and health health

Videoconferencing is a very useful technology for telemedicine and telenursing applications, such as diagnosis, consulting, transmission of medical images, etc. Using VTC, patients may contact nurses and physicians in emergency or routine situations, physicians and other paramedical professionals can discuss cases across large distances. Rural areas can use this technology for diagnostic purposes, thus saving lives and making more efficient use of health care money.

Special peripherals such as microscopes fitted with digital cameras, video endoscopes, medical ultrasound imaging devices etc., can be used in conjunction with VTC equipment to transmit data about a patient.

ProblemProblem

Appearance Consciousness:Appearance Consciousness: The problem The problem with videoconferencing is that one is on with videoconferencing is that one is on camera, with the video stream possibly camera, with the video stream possibly even being recorded. The burden of even being recorded. The burden of presenting an acceptable on-screen presenting an acceptable on-screen appearance is not present in audio-only appearance is not present in audio-only communication. communication.

Research found that the addition of video Research found that the addition of video camera actually impaired communication, camera actually impaired communication, possibly because of the consciousness of possibly because of the consciousness of being on camera. being on camera.

ProblemProblem

Quality of service: In some countries it is Quality of service: In some countries it is difficult or expensive to get a high quality difficult or expensive to get a high quality connection that is fast enough for good-connection that is fast enough for good-quality video conferencing. quality video conferencing.

Technologies such as Technologies such as ADSLADSL have limited have limited upload speeds and cannot upload and upload speeds and cannot upload and download simultaneously at full speed. download simultaneously at full speed.

As Internet speeds increase higher quality As Internet speeds increase higher quality and high definition video conferencing will and high definition video conferencing will become more readily available. become more readily available.