Temporal In Frat Amp Oral Fosse

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Wanida Sripairojthikoon, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University

Outline of contentOutline of content

Temporal fossa

Infratemporal fossa Pterygopalatine fossa

Terminal branches of external carotid artery Pterygoid venous plexus

Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

Chorda tympani and otic ganglion

Boundary

Content Communication


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Depression in the lateral

skull, above zygomatic

arch and infratemporalcrest of sphenoid bone

Bounded by

Processes of frontal &zygomatic bones

superior temporal line

Supramastoid crest Zygomatic arch

TemporalTemporal fossafossa


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Floor

Parietal bone

Frontal bone

Greater wing of sphenoid bone

Squamous part of temporal

bone

Pterion :

A thin-boned area on lateral

side of head, where those 4bones articulate

Clinical landmark overlies

anterior branch of middlemeningeal artery, within skull


Frontal Parietal

Temporal

Maxilla

Sphenoid


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PterionPterion

about 4 cm from zygomatic arch about 3 cm from zygomatic frontal bone

landmark forfrontal / anterior branch of middlemeningeal artery


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Trauma to the pterion can lead to tearing of the

meningeal branches of the middle meningeal

arteries.

The middle meningeal vessels lie between the dura

mater and the periosteum of the internal aspect of

the skull.

The build up of blood in this extradural space maylead to:

PterionPterion

brain shift away from hematoma

compress against midbrain and displace downwardthrough opening of tentorium

compress vasculature of midbrain and reticular formation

decrease level of consciousness untreated hemorrhage may cause death in a few hour


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Contents of temporalContents of temporal fossafossa

Skin & superficial fascia

Auricularis muscles (anterior,

superior & posterior)

Auriculotemporal nerve &zygomaticotemporal nerve

Superficial temporal vessels Temporal & parietal branches

of facial nerve

Temporal fascia

(Intermediate temporal vessels)

Temporal muscle

Deep temporal vessels


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superficial temporal vls

auriculotemporal br ofCN V3

zygomaticotemporal br

of CN V2

5 branches of facialnerve


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temporal fascia temporal muscle

deep temporal vessels deep temporal branch(SVE & GSA) of CN V3


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Temporal fascia


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Transverse Sections of Head

A B

AB


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Transverse & Coronal Sections of Head


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Communication of TemporalCommunication of Temporal FossaFossa

Communicate withinfratemporal fossa

Interval between Zygomatic arch, laterally

Infratemporal crest of

greater wing of sphenoid

bone, medially Temporal muscle pass

downward to insert

coronoid process of

mandible


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InfratemporalInfratemporal fossafossa

Irregular space belowtemporal fossa

Inferior to zygomatic arch Medial to ramus of

mandible

Posterior to maxilla

Boundary Lateral mandible

Medial sphenoid bone

Roof sphenoid bone

Anterior maxilla

Posterior - free


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Contents Lower part of temporal

muscle Medial & lateral pterygoid

muscles

Maxillary artery & vein

Pterygoid venous plexus Mandibular division of

trigeminal nerve

Chorda tympani CN VII

Otic ganglion CN IX


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Contents Lower part of temporal

muscle Medial & lateral pterygoid

muscles

Maxillary artery & vein

Pterygoid venous plexus Mandibular division of

trigeminal nerve

Chorda tympani CN VII

Otic ganglion CN IX


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Coronal Sections of Head


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Maxillary arteryMaxillary artery

Terminal branch of

external carotid artery

3 parts related to

lateral pterygoidmuscle

Mandibular part

Pterygoid part

Pterygopalatine part


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PterygoidPterygoid venous plexusvenous plexus

Network of vein in

infratemporal fossa,

surrounding maxillary

artery

Situate between

temporal and external

pterygoid muscles, partly

between 2 pterygoidmuscles

Receives numerous

veins corresponding withbranches of maxillaryartery


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Tributaries PterygoidPterygoid Venous PlexusVenous Plexus

Maxillary veinMaxillary vein

(& superficial temporal vein)(& superficial temporal vein)

RetromandibularRetromandibularveinvein

Internal jugular vein

Common facial vein

(& facial vein) (& posteriorauricular vein)

External jugular vein

CavernousCavernous

sinussinus

Facial veinFacial vein

Subclavian vein


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PterygoidPterygoid venous plexusvenous plexus

Continuous with

Cavernous venoussinus

Veins of orbit Veins of superficial

face

These connections

have clinicalimportance,

Veins of head,

including pterygoid

venous sinus, do not

have valve

Thus infection may

spread from face tocavernous sinus


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MandibularMandibulardivision ofdivision ofTrigeminalTrigeminal nervenerve

Formed by union ofsensory and motor roots

Motor fiber to muscles

derived from firstpharyngeal arch

Exit cranial cavity,through foramen ovale

Undivided trunk

Anterior division

Long buccal nerve

Posterior division

Lingual nerve

Inferior alveolar nerve

Auriculotemporal nerve


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Undivided trunk of CN V3

Meningeal branch, enter

foramen spinosum Nerve to medial pterygoid

muscle,

Nerve to tensor palatine

muscle Nerve to tensor tympani

muscle


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Branches of anterior division of CN V3

Masseter nerve

Deep temporal nerves

Nerve to lateral pterygoidmuscle

Long buccal nerve


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Branches of posterior division of CN V3

Lingual nerve

supply floor of mouth, lingual

gingiva, ant 2/3 tongue

& chordae tympani

taste (ant.2/3 of tongue)

submandibular ganglion

Inferior alveolar nerve

mylohyoid branch

inferior dental branch

incisive branch

mental branch

Auriculotemporal nerve parotid branch

articular branch

anterior auricular branch

superficial temporal branch


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Chorda tympani (CN VII) & Otic ganglion (CN IX)

Otic ganglion

parasympathetic ganglion ofCN IX; supply parotid gland

Chorda tympani

taste fiber (SVA) from ant 2/3 of tongue parasympathetic fiber (GVE) to

submandibular ganglion

supply sublingual & submandibular

salivary glands


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Communications of Infratemporal Fossa


CranialCranial fossafossa : foramen ovale

& foramen spinosum

Orbital cavityOrbital cavity : inferior orbital

fissure

PterygopalatinePterygopalatine fossafossa :

pterygomaxillary fissure

Posterior superior alveolarPosterior superior alveolar

canalcanal


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PterygopalatinePterygopalatine ((ororsphenopalatinesphenopalatine)) FossaFossa

Small pyramidal space,inferior to apex of orbit

Between pterygoid processof sphenoid bone andtuberosity of maxilla

Medial wall - vertical plate of

palatine bone Lateral - pterygomaxillary

fissure

Roof - greater wing ofsphenoid bone

Floor pyramidal process ofpalatine bone


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Contents of Pterygopalatine Fossa

Third part of maxilllary artery & its branches

Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

Pterygopalatine (or sphenopalatine) ganglion


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Communications of Pterygopalatine Fossa

InfratemporalInfratemporal fossafossa :: pterygomaxillary fissure

Nasal cavityNasal cavity :: sphenopalatine foramen

Orbital cavityOrbital cavity :: inferior orbital fissure

Oral cavityOral cavity :: palatine canal

Cranial cavityCranial cavity :: foramen rotundum

PharynxPharynx :: pterygoid canal

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Temporal In Frat Amp Oral Fosse

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