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Terrestrial decomposition

Date post: 16-May-2015
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Prepared by: Nikki Rose D. Dapanas BS Environmental Science III Prof. Magdalyna Dulay Terrestrial Decomposition
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Page 1: Terrestrial decomposition

Prepared by: Nikki Rose D. DapanasBS Environmental Science III

Prof. Magdalyna Dulay

Terrestrial Decompositio

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Page 2: Terrestrial decomposition

Chapter 7: Terrestrial DecompositionTypes of Processes in DecompositionLeaching of LitterLitter FragmentationChemical Alteration

Course Outline:

Page 3: Terrestrial decomposition

Chapter 7: Terrestrial DecompositionTemporal and Spatial Heterogeneity Decomposition

Temporal PatternSpatial Pattern

Course Outline:

Page 4: Terrestrial decomposition

Chapter 7: Terrestrial DecompositionFactors Controlling Decomposition

Physical EnvironmentSubstrate Quality & Quantity

Microbial Community

Course Outline:

Page 5: Terrestrial decomposition

Chapter 7: Terrestrial Decomposition

Decomposition at the Ecosystem ScaleAnaerobic Heterotrophic Respiration

Course Outline:

Page 6: Terrestrial decomposition

Decomposition breaks down dead organic matter, releasing carbon to the atmosphere and nutrients in forms that can be used for plant and microbial production.

Overiew:

Page 7: Terrestrial decomposition

This chapter describes the key controls over decomposition and soil organic matter accumulation by ecosystems.

Overiew:

Page 8: Terrestrial decomposition

Conversion of dead OM into CO2 & inorganic nutrients

Decomposition…

Page 9: Terrestrial decomposition

Physical & Chemical breakdown of detritus

Decomposition…

Page 10: Terrestrial decomposition

LeachingFragmentation

Chemical Alteration

Types Of Processes

Page 11: Terrestrial decomposition

Removes soluble materials from decomposing organic material by water transfers.

Leaching…

Page 12: Terrestrial decomposition

Physical process by w/c mineral ions & small water-soluble org. cpd. Dissolved in water & move through the soils.

Leaching…

Page 13: Terrestrial decomposition

Soil animalsBreaks large pieces of organic matter into smaller ones

provide a food source for soil animals

create fresh surfaces for microbial colonization

Fragmentation…

Page 14: Terrestrial decomposition

dead organic matter is primarily a consequence of the activity of bacteria and fungi

occur spontaneously in the soil without microbial mediation

Chemical Alteration…

Page 15: Terrestrial decomposition

Fungimain initial decomposers of terrestrial dead plant material

80 to 90% of the total decomposer biomass & respiration

Chemical Alteration…

Page 16: Terrestrial decomposition

Bacteriasmall size & large surface to volume ratio of bacteria enable them to absorb soluble substrates rapidly & to grow & divide quickly in substrate-rich zones

lysing & breaking down live & dead bacterial & fungal cells

Chemical Alteration…

Page 17: Terrestrial decomposition

Litter & animal residues are gradually decomposed until their original identity is no longer recognizable

Soil Organic Matter…

Page 18: Terrestrial decomposition

Temporal patternThe predominant controls over decomposition change with time.

In seasonal environments, microbial respiration often occurs over a longer time period.

Temporal and Spatial…

Page 19: Terrestrial decomposition

Spatial PatternMost decomposition occurs near the soil surface, where litter inputs are concentrated

Decomposition rate is spatially heterogeneous at several scales.

Temporal and Spatial…

Page 20: Terrestrial decomposition

Physical EnvironmentTemperature MoistureSoil Properties

Soil Disturbance

Factors Controlling Decomposition…

Page 21: Terrestrial decomposition

affects decompositionDirectly promoting microbial activity

indirectly by altering soil moisture and the quantity & quality of organic matter inputs to the soil.

Temperature…

Page 22: Terrestrial decomposition

Carbon accumulation is greatest in wet soils because decomposition is more restricted by high soil moisture

Moisture…

Page 23: Terrestrial decomposition

Sufficient oxygen is available

Decomposers (plant) are most productive under warm moist conditions.

Moisture…

Page 24: Terrestrial decomposition

decomposition occurs more rapidly in neutral than in acidic soils due to a variety of interacting factors.

Soil Properties…

Page 25: Terrestrial decomposition

increases decomposition by promoting aeration

exposing new surfaces to microbial attack.

Soil Disturbance…

Page 26: Terrestrial decomposition

Litter

Substrate Quality and Quantity…

Page 27: Terrestrial decomposition

Soil Organic Matter

Substrate Quality and Quantity…

Page 28: Terrestrial decomposition

Microbial Community…

Page 29: Terrestrial decomposition

HUMUS..

Page 30: Terrestrial decomposition

Decomposition at the Ecosystem Scale…

Page 31: Terrestrial decomposition

Decomposition in anaerobic environments occurs slowly and produces energy inefficiently.

Anaerobic Heterotrophic Respiration…

Page 32: Terrestrial decomposition

God Speed

Thank You For Listening…


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