Creating Tessellating Art

• Artwork inspired by M.C. Escher

Tessellations are arrangement of shapes that cover the picture without overlapping and without leaving spaces.

Typically, the shapes making up a tessellation

are simple similar regular shapes, such as the square.

Tessellations

* He was born Maurits Cornelis Escher

in 1898, in Leeuwarden, Holland.

M.C. Escher developed the tessellating shape as an art form

*Escher was a graphic artist, who specialized in

woodcuts and lithographs.

* His father wanted him to be an architect, but bad

grades in school and a love of drawing and design led him to a career in the graphic arts.

Escher Self-portrait

He was unknown until the 1950’s

* But by 1956 he had given his first important

exhibition, was written up in Time magazine, and acquired a world-wide reputation.

* Among his greatest admirers were

mathematicians, who recognized his work as pictures of mathematical ideas. This was amazing because he had no formal math training.

His interest began in 1936, when he traveled to Spain and saw the tile patterns used in the Alhambra.

Escher saw tile patterns that gave him ideas for his art work

He spent many days sketching these tile patterns, and later claimed that this “was the richest source of inspiration that I have ever tapped.”

Alhambra Palace

* The Alhambra is a walled city and fortress

in Granada, Spain. It was built during the last Islamic Dynasty (1238-1492).

* The palace is lavishly decorated with stone

and wood carvings and tile patterns on most of the ceilings, walls, and floors.

Alhambra CastleAlhambra consists of palacesbuilt by several rulers, each had his own.castle.

The Alhambra Palace is afamous example ofMoorish architecture.It may be the most well

known Muslim construction. Islamic art does not usuallyuse representations of livingbeings, but usesgeometric patterns,especially symmetric(repeating) patterns.

The idea behind several of the buildings of Alhambra was to create a Paradise on earth.

Escher used the geometry in his art that he saw at Alhambra

* As his work developed, he drew great

inspiration from mathematical ideas he read about, often working directly from geometric shapes.

* He was also fascinated with paradox and

"impossible" figures, and developed many intriguing works of art.

Convex ConcaveLithograph, March 1955

* In 1957 he wrote an essay on tessellations.

Mathematicians, had shown that only theregular polygons,

Escher was fascinated by every kind of tessellation

triangle, square, and hexagon

* could be used for a tessellation . Escher used

these basic shapes in his tessellations.

Sometimes Escher changed the basic shapes

By “distorting” the basic shapes he changed them into animals, birds, andother figures.The effect can beboth startling and beautiful.

Escher Horses

Lets make a simple tessellating shape

Begin with a simple geometric shape - the square

Change the shape of one side

Copy this line on the opposite side

Rotate the line and repeat it on the remaining edges

Erase the original shape

Add lines to the inside of the shapes to turn them into pictures.

Add color to enhance your picture.

By repeating your shape you create a tessellated picture

.

Escher likedwhat he called“metamorphoses,”

where shapeschanged andinteracted witheach other.

Another example of metamorphosis

Lets make a simple tessellating shape

Begin with a simple geometric shape - the square

Change the shape of one side

Repeat the line on the opposite side

Change the shape of the top

Repeat this line on the bottom

Erase the square

Turn shape looking for two hidden animals, flowers, fish,

insects, or birds.

Draw a line that separates the two hidden shapes you have found.

Add a few lines that bring out your hidden shapes.

Separate the two shapes so you can use them one at a time

Make four versions of each shape, each version with more detail

The most detailed shape can be changed

quite a bit

Make four versions of each shape with more detail

The most detailed shape can be changed quite a bit

Color all of one type of shape the same basic color

scheme

Line up the simplest shape with the most complex along the

bottom

Line up the next most complex with the next simplest

Add the next row in the same way

Completed Tessellation

Completed Tessellation

Completed Tessellation

Completed Tessellation

If you find Escher too challenging, here are examples of

another type of project for tessellations that you can also do:

LETS GET STARTED!