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Jar Testing of Chemical
Dosages
Prepared By
Michigan Department of Environmental Quality
Operator Training and Certification Unit
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Jar Testing• Determination of most effective chemical
• Determination of most effective dosage
• Determination of optimum point of
application
• Evaluation of
polymers
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Jar Testing
Equipment Needed:
Gang Stirrer
6 Graduated Beakers, 1500 ml
2 Graduated ipets, 10 ml
1 Graduated !"linder, 1000 ml
S#ale $%r &eig'ing #'emi#als
(nal"ti#al Equipment
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Jar Testing
Preparation of Stock SolutionsFor alum, lime, other dry materials:
Use a ! solution" Dissolve # gramsinto ### ml distilled $ater"
% ml & # mg'l in ### ml(
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For Ferric )hloride, other li*uid materials:
Use a ! solution" +tain ! solution and
specific gravity from supplier"
Dilute appropriate volume up to ### ml to
make a ! %#,### mg'-( solution"
%ml&# mg'l in ### ml(
Preparation of Stock Solutions
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S%luti%n )iluti%nS%luti%n )iluti%n
./ ! 0 ".1 0 2 & ! 0 ### ml
) & ./ ! %$eighs ".1 grams'ml(
2 & 3 ml
)4 & ! %$eighs "## grams'ml
24 & ### ml
5ave ./ ! Ferric )hloride Solution
%Specific 6ravity ".1(
7eed ### mls of a ! %#,### mg'-( Sol"
) 0 2 & )4 0 24
& ."1 ml ! 0 ### ml
./ ! 0 ".1
2 &
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Jar Testing
For Dry or -i*uid Polymers:
Use a #"# ! %## mg'-( solution" 8eigh
#" gram and dissolve in ### ml distilled
$ater"
% ml & #" mg'l in ### ml(
Preparation of Stock Solutions
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Blank 5 mg*+ 10 mg*+ 15 mg*+ 20 mg*+ 25 mg*+
)alculate the volume of a ! Ferric
)hloride solution that $ould e added to
get the dosage re*uired"
1000 ml
! & #,### mg'-
#,### mg'- 0 3 ml & / mg'- 0 ### ml
3 ml & / mg'- 0 ### ml #,### mg'-
3 ml & / 0 #" & #"/ ml
# 0 #" & "# ml/ 0 #" & "/ ml
4# 0 #" & 4"# ml
4/ 0 #" & 4"/ ml
Jar Testing !al#ulati%ns
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Jar Testing )alculations
9 ar test indicates that the re*uired amount of
phosphorus removal can e achieved using a dosage of
; ml of a ! ferric chloride solution in a liter of
$aste$ater" 8hat is the dosage in mg'-3
) 0 2 & )4 0 24
#,### mg'- 0 ; ml & 3 mg'- 0 ### ml
#,### mg'- 0 ; ml
### ml& ;# mg'-
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Jar Testing
Using the ### ml graduated cylinder, add ###
ml $aste$ater to each eaker"
Using the graduated pipets, dose each eaker
$ith the desired concentration of metal salt orpolymer, increasing concentration from left to
right"
+perate stirrer to simulate plant process"
Determine est dosage level y analysis of
supernatant
Procedure
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6ang Stirrer
9ddition of )hemicals
Slo$ =i> ? Flocculate
Settle
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Determine $hich dosage is est for meeting re*uirements
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)hemical 5andling)hemical 5andling9fter ar testing has een used to determine est
chemical dosage in mg'-, pounds of chemicalneeded per day into a given flo$ or volume can
e calculated"
ls'day & =6D 0 @";. ls'gal 0 mg'-
ie( 9 dosage of 4/ mg'- Ferric )hloride is
needed" The flo$ to e treated is ;/#,###
gallons per day" 5o$ many ls of Ferric
)hloride $ill have to e fed each day3
ls'D & #";/ =6D 0 @";. ls'gal 0 4/ mg'-
& A; ls'D Fe)-;
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!'emi#al andling!'emi#al andling
6iven ls'd of dry chemical to feed, need tocalculate the gallons of solution to feed"
Specific 6ravity & the numer of times
heavier or lighter the solution is than $ater
gallon of $ater $eighs @";. ls
Specific gravity of $ater & "###
Specific 6ravity
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Bf a solution has a Specific 6ravity of "/#,
then this solution is "/# times heavier than$ater"
@";. ls'gal 0 "/# & 4"/1 ls'gal
9 solution $ith a Specific 6ravity of #"A/#
$ould $eigh:
@";. ls'gal 0 #"A/# & C"4// ls'gal
Specific 6ravity
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+tain S"6" from Supplier
or y Using a 5ydrometer
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)hemical 5andling)hemical 5andling
Strength of )oncentrated Solutions are
usually given as Percent y 8eight
Bn ## ls of a ;/ ! solution there are ;/ ls of
dry chemical
;/ ! &;/ ls dry chem
## ls solution;/ ! & ;/ per ##
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Bf the $eight of a gallon of solution is kno$n, the
$eight of dry chemical in each gallon of the
solution can e calculated:
9 .#! solution has a specific gravity of ".;
9" Determine the $eight of a gallon of the solution"
@";. ls'gallon 0 ".; & "1; ls per gallon li*uid
" Determine the ls of dry chemical in each gallon"
"1; ls 0 & ."AA ls dry chem' gal.# ls dry chem## ls solution
+<"1; ls 0 & ."AA ls dry chem' gal#".#
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!'emi#al andling!'emi#al andling
Feed
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ie( /# ls per day ferric chloride are to e fed"
The solution to e used is ;@! $ith aspecific gravity of ".;" )alculate the
gallons of solution to feed each day"
@";. ls'gal 0 ".; & "A@ ls'gal
#";@ 0 "A@ ls'gal & .".@ ls dry chem'gal
/# ls'd dry chem needed
.".@ ls dry chem'gal& ;;"/ gal'day
!'emi#al andling!'emi#al andling
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!'emi#al andling!'emi#al andling
Pumping
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mls
Sec0 6al
;A@/ mls 0 C# Sec
=in& 6al
=in
)aliration of )hemical Feed Pump
" Set pump at kno$n setting4" Start pump and collect at the application
point a measured amount in a kno$n
period of time"
;"
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!'emi#al -eed Summar"
" Determine ls'day of dry chemical needed"
4" Determine the $eight %ls'gal( of the soln"
;" Determine $eight of dry chem in each gallon"
." Determine gallons per day to e fed"
/" To Determine pumping rate in gallons'minute:
gal
Day0 Day
4. 5rs0 5r
C# =in& 6al
=in
mg'- 0 =6D 0 @";. ls'gal & ls'd dry chem
@";. ls'gal 0 Sp"6r" & ls'gal %li*uid $eight(
ls'gal %li*uid $t( 0 ! soln & ls dry'gallon
-s dry needed per day & gal'day to e fed
ls dry'gallon
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)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem
1. !al#ulate t'e p%unds per da" %$ -e!l/ t'at must e added t% t'e &aste&ater $l%&.
Jar Test
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)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem
1. !al#ulate t'e p%unds per da" %$ -e!l/ t'at must
e added t% t'e &aste&ater $l%&.
Jar Test
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;" )alculate the pounds of dry Fe)l; per gallonof the solution"
4"/ ls'gal 0 #"./ & /"C; ls dry'gallon
@";. ls'gal 0 "/## & 4"/ ls'gal
4" )alculate the $eight in pounds of a gallon of
the Fe)l; solution"
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." )alculate the numer of gallons of the Fe)l;
solution that must e fed per day"
/" 5o$ many gallons per minute must thechemical feed pump e set to deliver 3
/A"// ls'day needed
/"C; ls dry'gallon& #"4 gallons'day
#"4 gal
Day
0 Day
4. 5rs0 5r
C# =in& #"##A 6al
=in
#"##A gal
min0 ;A@/ mls
gal4C"4 ml'min&
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)alculate the numer of milliliters per minute that must e
fed of a .1 ! 9luminum Sulfate solution $ith a specificgravity of ";; to dose a flo$ of /#,### gallons per day at
4/ mg'-"
)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem 4
%rk !al#ulati%ns %n Separate aper (ns&ers Gien %n Ne3t Slide
)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem 4
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)alculate the numer of milliliters per minute that must e
fed of a .1 ! 9luminum Sulfate solution $ith a specificgravity of ";; to dose a flo$ of /#,### gallons per day at
4/ mg'-"
4/ mg'- 0 #"/ =6D 0 @";. ls'gal & ;"4@ ls'd
@";. ls'gal 0 ";; 0 #".1 & /".. ls dry'gal
;"4@ ls dry needed'day
/".. ls dry'gallon
& /"A/ gal'day
/" ml'min/"A/ gal
day0 ;A@/ mls
gal
day
..# min0 &
)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem 4
)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem ;
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4# gallons'day of a ferric chloride solution $as
fed into a flo$ of 4"/ =6D" The ferric chloride
solution had a concentration of .# ! and a
specific gravity of ".;#" )alculate the chemical
dosage in mg'-"
)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem ;
%rk !al#ulati%ns %n Separate aper
(ns&ers Gien %n Ne3t Slide
)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem ;
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4# gallons'day of a ferric chloride solution $as
fed into a flo$ of 4"/ =6D" The ferric chloride
solution had a concentration of .# ! and a
specific gravity of ".;#" )alculate the chemical
dosage in mg'-"
@";. ls'gal 0 ".;# 0 #".# & ."AA ls dry'gal
4# gal 0 ."AA ls dry'gal & /A4"/ ls dry'day
/A4 ls'day & 4"/ =6D 0 @";. ls'gal 0 mg'-
/A4 ls'day
4"/ =6D 0 @";. ls'gal
& 4A"/ mg'-
)hemical 5andling )alculations E>ample Prolem ;
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Jar Testing of Chemical
Dosages
Prepared By
Michigan Department of Environmental Quality
Operator Training and Certification Unit
