Thailand Biomass and Thailand Biomass and
Waste to Energy OverviewWaste to Energy Overview
Dr. Dr. PrasertPrasert SinsukprasertSinsukprasertDirector of Planning DivisionDirector of Planning Division
Seminar: Italian Technologies
on Renewable Energy
“Italian innovative and best practices”
Bangkok, Thailand
22 March 2012
Presentation Contents
� Thailand’s Renewable Energy Development
� Biomass
� Biogas from wastewater and animal waste
2
� Municipality Solid Waste (MSW)
� Measures for alternative energy promotion
Thailand’s Renewable Energy DevelopmentThailand’s Renewable Energy Development
Committed to the development of low-carbon society
Government Funding On R & DActivities
Encouraging Private-Led Investment
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP : 2012-2021)
Target 25 % of RE in Total Energy Consumption By 2021
Solar
2,000 MW
100 ktoe(Heat)
Small + Mini Hydro
1608 MW
Bio Energy
Biomass Biogas MSW
3,630 MW 600 MW 160 MW
8,200 ktoe(Heat)
1,000 ktoe(Heat)
35 ktoe(Heat)
Biofuels
• Ethanol
9 Million l/d
• Biodiesel
5.97 Million l/d
• 2nd generation
biofuels
25 Million l/d
Wind
1,200 MW
Others
• Tidal wave
2 MW
• Geothermal
1 MW
4. Biomass
• Research & Demonstration Projects • focusing on community-based size/technologies• heat generation from for small scale industries
• Developing potential biomass data base • Research on increasing agriculture productivity• Research for non-food energy crops
� Important Projects
� Current Status
Target in 2022: Electricity 3,700 MW/Heat 6,760 Ktoe
4
� Current Status
� Next Steps
• Promoting High Pressure Boiler to enhance
power generation efficiency in sugar factories • Data survey on biomass potential
with geographical information system by provinces
• Setting up Promotion Zone to create the balance of
energy supply• Creating awareness and understanding to people in the communities
Submitted : 373 Projects 2,842 MW
• VSPP 341 Projects 2,207 MW• SPP 32 Projects 635 MW
Signed : 221 Projects 1,586 MW
• VSPP 219 Projects 1,560 MW• SPP 2 Projects 26 MW
Heat Generation 3,258.98 Ktoe
5. Biogas
• Biogas from animal dropping.
• Household biogas production system (Thailand-China’s cooperation)
• Pilot project on biogas production in the zoos• Biogas containers/high pressure biomethane• Safety manual for biogas production
� Important projects
� Current Status
•Major raw materials sources comes fromwaste water of theagro industries and agroprocessed factories
• In 2010, the power plant
installed capacity was 137.98 MW.
Target in 2022: Electricity 120 MW /Heat 600 Ktoe
Cassava* 18.86 14.90 33.76
Palm Oil 40.22 34.64 74.86
Ethanol 4.25 - 4.25
Domestic Animal Farm 4.22 19.48 23.70
Food - 1.00 1.00
Total 67.55 70.02 137.57
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• Safety manual for biogas production
• Development of biogas quality system to be used
in vehicles (CBG)
� Next Steps
• Developing safety standard/regulations
• Developing technology and spare parts to lowerthe cost
*Production capacity of Cassava Factories alone is more than 300 tons/day.
Types of Factory
Heat (ktoe)
Cassava 259.75
Ethanol** 97.31
Food 11.67
Palm Oil 5.55
Livestocks 4.38
Total 378.66
** Only the Ethanol Factories that have production capacity more than150,000 liters/day.
Total 67.55 70.02 137.57
• Pilot Projects on community-based biomas• Developing and promoting the Biogas Fermented Tank frominstant organic wastes in education institutions, military camps, and localities in 540 places
• Demonstration Projects and Promotion of RDF. • Cooperation with municipalities to promote waste-to-energy projects
� Important projects
6. Waste to Energy
Target in 2022 : Electricity 160 MW /Heat 35 Ktoe
6
� Current status of Electricity sales
� Next movement
•Researching, developing, and promoting the process of wastes to petrol
•Supporting policy on financial measures•Modifying/improving regulations for investors’facilitation
Submitted :34 Projects (455 MW)• VSPP 29 projects 125 Mw• SPP 5 projects 330 Mw
Signed : 19 projects (103 MW)• All are VSPP projects
On grid : 14 projects
Capacity 13.45 MW
Measures for alternative energy promotion
Fuel typeAdder
(Baht/kWh)
Periods
(years)
1. Biomass
- Install capacity <= 1 MW 0.50 7
- Install capacity > 1 MW 0.30 7
2. Biogas
Adder cost to be a supplement of normal purchasing tariff
of electricity to the national grid
Adder cost to be a supplement of normal purchasing tariff
of electricity to the national grid
7
- Install capacity <= 1 MW 0.50 7
- Install capacity > 1 MW 0.30 7
3. Municipal waste
- Fermentation or Landfill 2.50 7
- Thermal Process 3.50 7
4. Wind
- Install capacity <= 50 MW 4.50 10
- Install capacity > 50 MW 3.50 10
5. Mini Hydro
- Install capacity 50 kW - <200 kW 0.80 7
- Install capacity < 50 kW 1.50 7
6. Solar 8.00 10
Measures for alternative energy promotion
BOI Privilege
- The investors will receive the exemption of
8
- The investors will receive the exemption of imported duty of equipment or machines
- Any income-corporate taxes resulting form selling RE or saving energy will be exempted for a certain periods to maximum 8 years
DISTRIBUTED GREEN GENERATION : DGG
� Conceptual Framework
•Implementation and management by the community•Benefits to the community•Consume local materials/fuel available •Promotion and cooperation through Government and Private sectors
Price Price Price Price
GuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuarantee
Price Price Price Price
GuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuarantee Biomass Power Plant
AddAddAddAdd
erererer
AddAddAddAdd
erererer
Financing Model
� Promotional roles
•Providing credit/co-investment/ investment subsidy•Developing the CDMProgram•Developing human resource and community•Supporting equipment producers, RE and EE spareparts manufacturers in the country
9
Upgrade and Compressing System
Cooperative/Community enterprises
Cooperative/Community enterprises
Promotion through government, private sectors, and International
Organizations
GuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuarantee
FuelRaw materials
CBG
AddAddAddAdd
erererer
AddAddAddAdd
erererer
Plant
erererererererer
Electricity
Heat
AddAddAddAdd
erererer
AddAddAddAdd
ererererFuel
Biogas
Measures for alternative energy promotion
Project feature: set up to joint capital promote investment inenergy conservation and renewable energydevelopment projects
ESCO Venture Capital
Equity Investment
Investor
Investor
Investor
Investment Committee
ESCO FundESCO Fund
Consider and approve
return
10
Technical Assistance
Credit Guarantee Facility
Carbon Credit (CDM)
Equipment LeasingInvestor
Investor
control
Fund ManagerFund Manager
Financial support
return
Thank youThank you
www.dede.go.th
Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE) Ministry of Energy
17 Rama 1 Road, Patumwan Bangkok 10330