BELLRINGERBELLRINGERAnticipation GuideAnticipation Guide

Agree Disagree 1. The central Agree Agree Disagree 1. The central Agree DisagreeDisagree

____ ____ authority during ____ ____ ____ ____ authority during ____ ____ the Middle Agesthe Middle Ages

was the Catholic Church.was the Catholic Church. Pg.32 (A European Story)Pg.32 (A European Story)

____ ____ 2. The Caravel ____ ____ ____ ____ 2. The Caravel ____ ____ was a ship.was a ship.

Pg.36 Pg.36

Chapter One:Chapter One: Converging Converging CulturesCultures

Section Four:Section Four: European Cultures European Cultures

A. European SocietyA. European Society

For hundreds ofFor hundreds of

years, Europe was years, Europe was

ruled by the ruled by the Roman EmpireRoman Empire..

When the Roman Empire fell apart around When the Roman Empire fell apart around 500 A.D.500 A.D.,, Europe was left Europe was left disorganizeddisorganized and and

isolatedisolated..

This period was known as This period was known as thethe Middle AgesMiddle Ages..

The The Black PlagueBlack Plague occurred occurred during this time. during this time. Bad sanitary conditionsBad sanitary conditions caused an increase in rats.caused an increase in rats. The The plague virusplague virus was was passed from fleas, passed from fleas, to rats, then to humans.to rats, then to humans.

To organize society, the system of To organize society, the system of feudalismfeudalism was developed. was developed.

FeudalismFeudalism - a system in which a king - a system in which a king gives out parts of his lands to nobles in gives out parts of his lands to nobles in exchange for their exchange for their

loyalty.loyalty.

These lands were farmed These lands were farmed

by by peasants peasants or or serfsserfs..

ReligionReligion

The central authority in the Middle The central authority in the Middle Ages was the Ages was the Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church..

Why was religion so important to Why was religion so important to society in the Middle Ages?society in the Middle Ages?

What made the What made the

Catholic Church so powerful?Catholic Church so powerful?

B. Causes of ExplorationB. Causes of Exploration

Europe began coming out of its Europe began coming out of its isolationisolation around 1100.around 1100.

1. The Crusades1. The Crusades Series of Series of Holy WarsHoly Wars, ,

lasting hundreds of years.lasting hundreds of years.

TheThe European ChristiansEuropean Christians attempted attempted to take the to take the Holy LandsHoly Lands (Middle East) (Middle East) from from thethe MuslimsMuslims. .

The Crusades were a The Crusades were a failurefailure, yet , yet had many positive effects on Europe.had many positive effects on Europe.

The Crusades broughtThe Crusades brought

Europe Europe out of isolationout of isolation

and into contact with and into contact with

other parts of the world.other parts of the world.

They exposed Europeans They exposed Europeans

to Asian goods such to Asian goods such

as as spicesspices and and silkssilks. .

Europeans soon wanted to find a Europeans soon wanted to find a faster, easier, way to get to Asiafaster, easier, way to get to Asia..

2. New States Emerge2. New States Emerge Feudalism began to Feudalism began to declinedecline..

Powerful rulers emergedPowerful rulers emerged

who united many kingdomswho united many kingdoms

into strong and powerful into strong and powerful

countries. countries.

Soon, four strong countries existed: Soon, four strong countries existed: PortugalPortugal, , FranceFrance, , SpainSpain, and , and EnglandEngland..

These countries would compete for These countries would compete for tradetrade and and powerpower..

TRADE ROUTES FOR TRADE ROUTES FOR EUROPEANSEUROPEANS

3. The Renaissance3. The Renaissance

Literally means Literally means rebirthrebirth..

A new interest in A new interest in artart,, cultureculture, , writingwriting, , sciencescience, , etc.etc.

This fueled the desire for This fueled the desire for explorationexploration to learn and trade to learn and tradewith other cultures. with other cultures.

Chunk # 3Chunk # 3Turn to page 36-37 in your book. Turn to page 36-37 in your book.

Read New Technology and name and Read New Technology and name and describe the describe the four four new types of new types of technology used to navigate ships technology used to navigate ships in the early 1400’s.in the early 1400’s.

1.1. __________________________________________________________

2.2. __________________________________________________________

3.3. __________________________________________________________

4.4. __________________________________________________________

4. New Technology4. New Technology

Exploration became possible because Exploration became possible because of of new inventionsnew inventions..

These inventions made navigation These inventions made navigation easier and Europeans began easier and Europeans began exploring the World.exploring the World.

AstrolabeAstrolabe Caravel Caravel CompassCompass

Lateen sailsLateen sails

C. Portuguese ExplorationC. Portuguese Exploration

Portugal led the way in exploration.Portugal led the way in exploration.

Prince HenryPrince Henry, or , or Henry the Henry the NavigatorNavigator is considered the father is considered the father of exploration.of exploration.

He set up a He set up a

navigation schoolnavigation school..

Brought together sailors and Brought together sailors and navigators to plan expeditions.navigators to plan expeditions.

Goal:Goal: To find a water route to To find a water route to Asia.Asia.

Vasco da GamaVasco da Gama – –

11stst explorer to sail explorer to sail

around Africaaround Africa

to India. to India.

REVIEWREVIEW

1. The Renaissance literally means 1. The Renaissance literally means ________. What did Europe start ________. What did Europe start showing an interest in at this point showing an interest in at this point in history? in history?

2. Why did the discovery of silks and 2. Why did the discovery of silks and spices during the Crusades lead to spices during the Crusades lead to more sea expeditions?more sea expeditions?

3. Which country owns the sea 3. Which country owns the sea route around Africa?route around Africa?