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 Lactating Breast and

Breast Care

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a s a ac a ng reas/Lactation??

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Lactation describes the secretion of milk from the mammary glands afterthe activation of the milk-producingglands (prolactin &oxytocin)

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• Lactation is the medical term forbreastfeeding, a natural method of 

feeding an infant from birth to thetime he or she can eat supplementfeeds. Human milk contains the idealamount of nutrients for the infant, and

provides important protection from

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CAN YOU GUESS IT RIGHT???

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   THEN LABEL THE NUMBERS……..

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• 1 intercoastal muscle

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• 2 Pectoralis muscle

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• 3 Lobules

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• 4 Nipple

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• 5 Areola

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• 6 Ampulla with Lactiferousduct

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Congratulations!!

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e mpor ance oKnowing????

• As a nurse, it is very important that we

should know the anatomy andphysiology of a lactating breast sothat:

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we can account for accurate and properestablishment of breastfeeding afterdelivery

• We provide accurate and factual

information about breast attachmentto mothers

• Educate and demonstrate breastfeedingto mothers who find it difficult tobreastfeed

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Pathophysiology !!!• Under the influence of the hormones

prolactin and oxytocin, womenproduce milk before childbirth to feedtheir baby. The initial milk produced isoften referred to as colostrum, whichis high in the immunoglobulin IgA,which coats the gastrointestinal tract.

 This helps to protect the newbornuntil its own immune system isfunctioning properly, and creates a

mild laxative effect, expellingmeconium and helping to prevent thebuild up of bilirubin (a contributoryfactor in jaundice). Breastfeedingsoon after giving birth increases themother's oxytocin levels, making her

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Care of the Lactatingbreast!!!!

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• Avoid pressure on your breasts: Sleeping in a face downposition(prone) may squeeze yourbreasts and block milk ducts. Donot wear underwire bras, andavoid wearing bras that are too

tight and clothes that are tightover your breasts. Avoid wearingor carrying items that cansqueeze or press on your breasts.

 These include big purses, baby

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cont

• Breast support: Wear a supportivebra. This can be a regular bra that youtake off when you breastfeed or anursing bra with breast flaps. Cottonbras are best as they will not trapmoisture that can irritate yournipples. Avoid wearing underwirebras. Your milk ducts extend up

towards your armpits. Underwire brascan squeeze your breasts and pinchon milk ducts, and cause pluggedducts or mastitis (breast infection).Make sure your bra fits correctly and

does not squeeze your breasts

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• Cleaning your breasts: Wash yourbreasts with warm water once

every day. Do not use soap or othercleansing agents. These can irritateyour nipples. You need to have

clean hands when touching yourbreasts to help prevent gettinginfections. Always wash yourhands thoroughly for 15 secondsbefore breastfeeding, expressing,or pumping. Then dry themcompletely and always use a clean

paper towel after every washing.

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• Keep your nipples dry: Do not wear

plastic nipple shells or plastic-linednursing pads. These can trap moistureand do not allow air flow to the nipple.Placing fabric breast pads inside your brawill let air inside. Change breast pads

often to prevent irritation. If nipples aredamaged, nursing pads may stick to yournipple. Soak the pads in warm water tohelp remove them. 

• Nipple conditioning: Let your nipples airdry after breastfeeding. Use breast milk orpure lanolin ointment on your nipples if 

needed to keep them from gettingchapped and dried out. Some creams and

li i i i h h

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Eliminating practices that harmbreastfeeding

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Develop evidence-based policies that arecommunicated to all staff and disciplines• Hospitals that have a written breastfeeding

policy(baby friendly hospitals)

• Develop a specific policy for supplementingbreastfed infants

• Restrict formula use to bottle-fed babiesunless if any medical complications

indicated• Formula use should be followed up with

teaching of staff & patients as needed

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Avoid using herbal remedies unlessrescribed b a medical ersonnel

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L b l D i i

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Labels Description

Intercoastalmuscles

supports and holds the breasttissues

Lobules Milk producing gland

Nipple Sensitive area @ which the baby suckles

on. (triggers hormonesecretion)Areola Pink or brown pigmentedregion around

the nipple. (landmark 4Ampulla) and

also 4 lubrication of thenipple

Duct Milk passage(mammary duct)

AdiposeTissue

Holds the milk duct systemwithin them

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Advantages!!!!

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Disadvantages

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 Thank You!!!

 ANY QUESTIONS OR ADDITIONS