The Ancient Greeks

City-States and Greek

Culture

The Rise of City-States

During the Dark Age in the 1100s B.C., developments of the Aegean civilization were lost.

The Rise of City-StatesThe development of ___________ Greek civilization began with the rise of _______________.

Classical

City-states

The Rise of City-States

Each city-state built walled forts on hilltops called an ____________, which means “high city” in Greek

acropolis

The Rise of City-States

An ________ is an open-air market that stood below the acropolis.

agora

SpartaThe city-state of ________ was located inland on the Peloponnesian Peninsula. It developed a _________ economy where people lived simple lives of hard work and physical activity. It had a standing army led by two kings who were part of a governing council.

Sparta

military

Spartan Government

Sparta used a governing system known as an _________, which is when a few people from the ruling class make decisions for everyone.

oligarchy

Spartan Military Way of Life

• Spartan citizens ______ the lower classes because they outnumbered the citizens more than 10 to 1. Fear of _________ from within and ________ from outside led the Spartan citizens to focus on their military.

feared

rebellion attack

Athens• The city-state of _________ was located

on Attica, a part of the Balkan Peninsula northeast of the Peloponnesus.

Athens

Athenian Government

Athens was ruled by an ____________, or a small group of leaders from wealthy landowning families who inherit the right to rule. They often struggledwith each other forcontrol of Athens.

aristocracy

Where Does Our Government Come From?

Reforms in 508 B.C. made the Athenian city-state into the world’s first ___________, a system of government in which the people rule. Government was opened by Cleisthenes to all free men 18 years of age or older.

democracy

“Power to the People!!!!”

AthensHe also created a new council who suggested laws for the assembly and decided on government __________, or plans of action.

policies

To Be Greek…

Although the city-states were independent, according to their mythology, the people of all the city-states shared a common __________. His name was _________.For this reason, they called themselves Hellenes. In English, their language and civilization are known as Greek.Their mythology, religion, activities, and language united them.

ancestor Hellene

Greek Heritage

Greeks were united also by activities such as the __________________, which were held every four years to honor Zeus Olympic Games

Olympic Games

A Familiar CivilizationWriting also helped bring the city-states together. They developed a writing system based on the one used by _____________ traders.

Phoenician

Alpha and Beta = the first 2 Greek letters = alphabet

Uncivilized?

The Greeks called anyone who could not speak Greek a ___________.

Today a barbarian is a person who is considered uncivilized, or rough-mannered.

barbarian

Think About It

• What parts of Greek culture helped form a Greek identity?

MythologyLanguageAncestry Olympic Games