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Foreword 06
Contemporary TrendTHE NEW ERA OF INTERIOR DESIGN 08
Modern HomeTHE ART OF LIGHT 12
Tips from the ExpertLET THERE BE LIGHT 14
TAKING CONTROL OF YOUR LIGHTS 16
THE FUTURE OF LIGHTING DESIGN 20
THE LUXURY OF AMBIENCE CONTROL 22
MINIMAL LIGHTING 24
PLAYING TRICKS WITH LIGHTS 26
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Fine LightingFINE LIGHTING FOR NEW SPATIAL DIMENSION IN LIVING ROOM 28
3 PRINCIPLES FOR A PERFECT HOME THEATRE 30
EXUDING A SOFT AND PEACEFUL AURA IN THE BEDROOM 32
COOKING IN STYLE WITH PERFECT LIGHTING 34
SOFT LIGHTING FOR THAT LUXURIANT SOAK 36
DESIGN FOR AN IMPRESSIVE ENTRANCE 38
TIPS FOR PATIO LIGHTING DESIGN 39
Home of the FutureSMART HOME CONTROL FOR ULTIMATE LIVING 40
Useful Information 42
5
Cover/Inside : dreamstime.com
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F O R E W O R D
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Sitting high on a hill in eastern France, the R oncham p C hapel by the father of
m odern architecture, Le C orbusier, is a m asterpiece of late 19th
-century architecturew hich plays w ith the m agic of light. Japanese architect Tadao Ando w as inspired by
Le C orbusier to fully utilize both natural and interior lighting in his signature w ork, the
C hurch of Light. H e dem onstrated and em phasized the holiness and solem nity of
the church by having light seeping through a cruciform cut in its concrete w all.
TH E N EW ER A O FIN TER IO R D ESIG N
C ontem porary Trend
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The key reasons for the current popularity of LED lamps are their
durability and versatility when used together with a dimmer. LED lamps are
the answer to the needs of contemporary architects and designers around
the globe who seek to create home intelligence platforms, ambience systems,
concept exhibitions, display systems, events and entertainment systems.
Lighting design is undoubtedly an essential part of interior design.
Only those who are able to manage lighting can master the art of vision
and create extraordinary lighting scenes, turning daily experiences into
harmonious, artful experiences.
The Beauty of Fine Lighting
Lighting design is playing an increasingly important role in the home,
where serious efforts are given to ensure that both interior and exterior
lighting meet the modern needs for comfort, aesthetics and decoration. The
look and form of a light fitting is also very important. Functionality apart, it
must also fulfill the designers vision for aesthetics and ambience. Thats
why Fine Lighting is always the synthesis of art and science, embracing both
modern technology and cultural distinctions. To put it simply, Fine Lighting
starts with identifying the right light sources and light fittings, coupled with
the appropriate brightness to create different moods and to suit different
needs. Its where form and function meet to express individuality.
The Interplay of Shadows and Light
Natural light is beyond our control as it is dependent on the hour of day
or night and on weather conditions. Interior lighting, on the other hand, is
entirely within our control, and can revolutionize the look of a room instantly,
free of natural constraints.
You can achieve different scenes and moods at home by well
balanced design of ambient lighting and task lighting. Finding exactly theright lamp for a room is an important task, as it will both contribute to
the overall feel of the space and offer the right shade of lighting.
Whether you choose the highly romantic Black Zenith Chandelier by
Philippe Starck, the extraordinary Ingo MaurerBulblamp or even the
nostalgic Verner PantonGlobecollection, the lamp you pick will help you
create a range of different scenes and moods as well as decorating the room.
The LED lamps that have been widely used in recent years have gone
a long way to expanding the possibilities of interior lighting. The biennial
international lighting exhibition Euroluce, part of the international furniture
fair, Milano Salone del Mobile, is bringing to the design world a beautiful
array of lighting system of all kinds.
Euroluce was first held in 1976, and it showcases the entire gamut of
light fittings and technologies an indeed bewildering array of light sources among which LED lamps are widely featured. German lighting designer
Ingo Maurer, also known as thepoet of light, has collaborated with world-
famous designers including Ron Arad and Konstantin Grcic to present a
group installation of LED lamps; even crystal chandelier expert Swarovski has
branched into a range of fascinating products using LED lamps.
9
Lighting Glossary
Ambient Lighting uniform background lighting for a whole room
Task Lighting specific illumination for a settask, for example, desk lamps
and dining room lights that need high illuminance
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1
2
There are four emerging trends in interior design today:
Less construction, more decoration
Less construction, more decorationis the modern maxim in home
interior design. Home owners can change the appeal of a room by placing
different adornments and furniture, changing the style of their homes
to suit different seasons, or even different moods. For instance, placing
a bamboo fence between the living and dining rooms is a simple way to
separate space while at the same time bringing natural aesthetics to the
home. The great thing about home decorations is that it is a lot cheaper
than constructing plaster arches, Roman columns and stone fireplaces. By
adopting simple interior design, decorating a space has become a much
easier task, at the same time lending greater fluidity, light, space and
design flexibility to the home. The home nowadays allow the owner greater
freedom to express his personal traits.
It's aMaterialWorld
To let the home speak for its owners, the wide range of new building
materials available today is especially welcomed by the young and hip.
From turning the bathroom into a sauna room with the help of waterproofed
woods, to using tempered glass to build room dividers or transparent
shower rooms, not to mention the introduction of stainless steel sinks, gold
paint effects, as well as mirrored, mottled, crossed and sanded textures,
the possibilities are multifarious, allowing individuality in every fixture.
Switching to Great Style
Not only do switches operate lighting systems, they can also be a stylish part of
the home decor. Wall mounted switches are usually located at eye level, which
is why appearance is as important as function. With some help, they can be
stylized to complement the design of the modern home.
For example:
1. Glassplated switches are elegant statements by themselves.
2. Full, flat switches are stylish yet subtle, perfect for
minimalist designs.
More switch plates in various styles:
C ontem porary Trend
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Lighting Up our Lives
The trend for lighting design is to express cultural heritages. The comfort
of the home goes hand in hand with humanized designs that evolve aroundour daily needs and activities. Elaborate and fanciful lamp decorations give
way to simple, intelligent and environmentally friendly luminaries that fit
into the overall design theme of the home. The choice of lighting colour
is also important, since colours are known to affect moods and human
psychology: prolonged exposure to strong and bright lighting, for example,
can be extremely tiring and even slow down the absorption of calcium in the
human body! So choosing the right lighting is very important; LED lamps or
humanized dimming systems are leading the lighting trend as they offer tailor-
made possibilities to suit our various needs.
Tile Magic
Ceramic tiles being the most commonly used material in bathrooms
and kitchens today, there nevertheless lies differences in the choice of tile
patterns: kitchens are commonly displaying light, solid colours to portray
cleaniness; whereas bathrooms are allowed the luxury of decorative tiles,
featuring classic, retro or nature-inspired patterns to enhance the mood
for indulgence.
To allow yourself the comfort of the home, furniture and fittings must
work with lighting control systems. Technological breakthroughs in lighting
control bring us to a new realm of design, where limiting lighting to general
illumination is strictly a matter of the last century. Lighting redefines visual
rules to provide a more diversified, yet personalized, humanized experience.
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The doorside lam p w elcom es you hom e, the
living room floor lam p provides a rom antic
setting, the patio lam p accom panies starry
nights, and the bedside lam p is essential for
reading bedtim e stories. It takes m ore than
w alls, floors and furnishings to m ake a hom e.It takes atm osphere, am bience and em otion
to give a room soul. Lighting is the m agic
w and that instantly enhances a space, bringing
com fort and im parting m ood.
TH E A R T O FLIG H T
M odern Hom e
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In the early stages of interior design, most rooms only used a single
ceiling light bulb for illumination, but a light bulbs lack of direction can easily
ruin the rooms ambience. In fact, luminous efficiency is available in warm
and cool colour temperatures, with each and every colour projecting assortedambiences.Multiple Light Sources Designis the answer to fulfill different
ambience needs. This increasingly popular lighting design allows its owners
to change the mood of a room for different functions, portraying different
moods, making it a true exemplar of Fine Lighting.
The MagicalMultiple Light Sources Design
Furniture and home decorations are not the only elements that are
influenced by modern contemporary design. Ceiling lamps, desk lamps, reading
lamps, etc. are also making trendy statements, such as the introduction of
more colours, lucid materials and edgy shapes. The eye-catching designs of
todays lighting fixtures are often the focus of attention.
Lighting designers are well aware of how lighting influences living.
Using a single light bulb or fluorescent tube to illuminate a room is no longer
an option.Multiple Light Sources Designcan be adapted to suit every
inhabitant and all kinds of atmospheric needs. Ceiling pendant lamps and
ceiling mounts provide ambient lighting, giving even luminosity to a room;
wall lamps, table lamps and floor lamps provide task lighting and at the same
time enrich a space with depth, focus and definition. Take the living room for
example. This is a space that should feel homely, comfy and cozy, meaning to
say different light sources should be employed to create depth and layers. By
incorporating switches and dimmers into different lighting fixtures, such as
floor lamps, table lamps and illumination features, we can obtain the benefit
of multiple light sources, achieving ambient whole-room lighting or specific
partial illumination at different times of the day.
Generally speaking, a desk lamp makes it easier to work, a floor lamp
is good for ambience, a bedside light is the reading companion, and a little
rotating globe is great for giving the home a partying atmosphere. The list of
specific lighting fixtures does not stop here. Spatial lighting apart, we also
have student lamps, writing lamps, emergency lights, day lights, evening
lights, dining lights, and even floor lamps at varying heights. The introduction
ofMultiple Light Sources Designmake it possible to incorporate all these
fixtures into one single room.
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Indirect Lighting
Use warm, ambient lighting or indirect lighting to suit your decorative needs.
For instance, a backlight from under a shoe cabinet can create alayered
effect and give ambience and shape to the entrance area.
Natural Appeal or Artificial Intelligence?A harmonious atmosphere is often achieved by combining natural
and artificial lighting. Apart from serving the single function of illumination,
lighting plays the important role of changing the atmosphere of a room.
Artificial lighting is not only the complement to natural lighting, rather, its
presence (and absence) is critical to bringing style and mood to a room, as
seen in the interlay of shadows in architectural features. But lighting is not
limited to creating and exemplifying style rather, it displays the fusion of
modern technology and culture.
As seen at various home design expos, mixing natural and artificial
lighting has become a vital part of interior design. The increasing use of
multiple light sources guarantees perfect spatial illumination and offers a
multitude of lighting possibilities. In fact, employing different light sources
helps to pull an entire design scheme together, be the theme moody and
layered, airy and spacious. Home intelligence systems, after Multiple
Light Sources Design, are another important focus in the future of home
decoration.
IsMultiple Light Sources Design
harmful to the environment?
Many people have the misconception that using multiple light sources means
using more power resources, but actually, using multiple light sources wisely,
such as turning the lights on and off at specific times, switching off unnecessary
lighting, as well as working with natural light in lighting design, can all mean using
less energy than turning on all the lights at home. Coupling with sensors and
dimmers allows illumination intensity to be varied according to the usersneeds.
While different settings and combinations can bring different degrees of energy
saving, a survey reveals that these fixtures normally can cut back about 10%
of energy usage. You can consult professional lighting designers on achieving
optimal lighting performance in the most efficient and cost effective manner.
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Architecture is life, said m aster architect
Louis Kahn.
Light, space, bricks, concrete... W hich is the
true foundation of architecture? W here do w e
begin w hendesigning for our lifestyles?
Light and space can m ake up a w orld, bring
forth a perform ance, or m erely being just the
sim ple concept betw een exterior and interior.Lighting designer Arnold C han tells us that
w e dont have to contrive the perform ance
of lighting, rather, the art of lighting lies in its
being natural, blending in seam lessly into the
w ay w e live, w hich should be as spontaneous
as breathing.
LET TH ER E B E LIG H T
Tips from the E xpert
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Arnolds innovative and versatile architectural approach to lighting
design distinguishes his work from traditional lighting engineers. His
lighting design makes use of architectural elements to accentuate the
impact of light within a 3-dimensional space, creating integrated lighting
effects that enhance interior spaciousness. Isometrix (founded by Arnold)
maximizes the full potential of lighting as a creative tool.
As a leading architect and lighting designer, Arnolds impressive
portfolio includes Madrids Hotel Puerta America (in conjunction with
designers Zaha Hadid, Jean Noveal, John Pawon, Mark Newson, Arata
Isozaki, Ron Arad, Richard Gluckman, David Chipperfield, Norman Foster
and Christian Liaigre), Minneapoliss Walker Art Centre (architecture by
Herzog de Mueron), New Yorks Morimoto (architecture by Tadao Ando),
and Nobu restaurants in USA, London and Hong Kong.Light is an
essential element to design,he explains,but solely referring to lighting
is impractical. Light has to work with the architectural form; we need to
identify the subject before designing the light sources. I think the US is
currently the biggest market where people appreciate fine lighting to create
ambience.
Many people bring in precious art objects and designer pieces to
decorate their homes, but often the beauty of these treasures are hidden
because of the lack of appropriate lighting effects.In lighting design today,
I think Lighting Control Systems and Dimmer Systems can offer a variety
of ambience settings for different needs and situations.Arnold says,the
simpler the dimmer system, the more user-friendly it is.
Lighting design is often neglected in interior design. Arnold explains,
its just a part of the whole architectural concept... But the wisdom behind
it is way more complicated than what people think. If your home gets plenty
of direct sunlight, for example, then the spatial harmony of the home is
disrupted. In such cases, its always effective to balance interior lighting
with dimmers. Most of my clients are seasoned world travellers, embracing
broad visions for lighting design. And they are in fact very demanding
in specifying their choices of lighting. I would suggest to these clients
to decide on the kinds of lighting systems they want, as the first step to
designing their homes.
Lighting design is not only restricted to indoors. Good lighting
concepts can be extended to the outdoors to enhance the aesthetics.
Arnold Chan was born in Hong Kong and educated in England. He has a Bachelors
Degree and Diploma in architecture from Londons Architectural Association, and
a Diploma in lighting design from South Bank Polytechnic. In 1986, Arnold founded
Isometrix in London. He now employs more than 35 full-time project, lighting
and product designers, providing tailor-made lighting and design services for a
broad clientele.
Whenever the houses I work on have a lawn or a garden, I always tell my
clients to make use of lighting and convert the outdoors into an extension
of the indoors,Arnold says.In the past, lighting the yard was simply
for security reasons, but now a landscape lighting scheme can effectively
transform it into a unique painting of nature.Once you understand the
art of lighting, you can make use of a dimming or scene control system to
create various home scenes, bringing you higher standards of living.
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IntheMo
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Tips from the E xpe rt
The concept ofFine Lightinghas been popular in the U S for years. The trend
has recently becom e prevalent in the interior design field, w here dem ands are for
lighting control in both residential and com m ercial environm ents. D im m ers and
scene control system s are a m ust for lighting control and for creating different
m oods and scenes.
TA K IN G C O N TR O L O F
YO U R LIG H TS
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Fine Lighting In Action
To achieve Fine Lighting effects, a variety of light sources and lightfittings are used to create different combination of illuminance for the right
ambience. To control the brilliance of the various light sources, dimming
systems are an integral part of the design.
Generally, there are 3 types of dimming controls, each suited for
different purposes and needs.
Standalone Dimming
To perform simple lighting control and create siimple ambience,
a single dimmer is connected to a single light source to control its
brightness. The choice of the dimmer depends on its capacity of
load, the type of the light source, and the way it is wired. Wrong
combinations can cause unstable lighting, interference or blinking,and can even damage the light source and the dimmer. Therefore it
is crucial to choose an appropriate dimmer to ensure smooth and
effective operation.
Dimmer switches normally come in either as press or rotary
format. Some are equipped with remote control devices such as the IR
Remote Control Dimmer, using infrared to send signals to the switch;
and there is also the RF Remote Control Dimmer, using radio frequency
to send control signals, thus eliminating the need to point the remote
controller in the direction of the receiver.
17
Press dimmer with indicator Rotary dimmer
...
...
...
Collective Dimming
Standalone dimming might not be able to satisfy the
needs of the modern home. Collective dimming uses oneor more dimmers to control different light sources, making
it possible to better enhance the home environment by a
multitude of lighting effects. However, collective dimming
requires adjusting each single dimmer individually to
achieve the right effect, making it more time consuming
and complicated to enact.
The winner
of the best
lighting
effect is...
I want to thank
my wife... for the
daily training...
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Scene Control
Scene control means that you can opt for preset lighting effects one-
touch of a button. The trick lies in linking up all the light sources to the scene
control system to build a unified dimming network. Scene control can also be
used with a remote control device, on which each button is pre-programmed
for different scene settings. You can rest in comfort and at the same time
bring forth your favourite home lighting scene, be it romantic dining, vivacious
partying or serene bedtime reading, all done simply at the push of a buttion
on your remote control device.
Today we care about home design, and lighting is no longer a trivial
issue. Light sources and space interplay to bring out the best chemistry,
playing little tricks to enhance our daily lives, creating different environments
and ambiences to suit different lifestyle needs. Fine lighting is fine living.
Scene Control Systems
Scene control systems are used to control different light sources at the same time,
allowing different combinations of light sources to be on/off or tunrs on to the
preset brightness. Scene control systems are created for user-friendliness, meaning
that you can summon your presethome sceneat one-touch of a button. Systems
that come with RF remote control function is even more convenient. There are 2
types of scene control systems: the Retrofit that directly replaces existing 2-way
switch systems, offering scene control without rewiring; and the Interoperable
that is suited to cases where whole-house rewiring is done, offering more sceneoptions and compatible with upgrades to home intelligence systems.
How a Dimmer Works
A dimmer uses an electronic circuit to regulate the amount of average power applied to the load (e.g. light bulb). The lower the average power, the lower the light
intensity; the higher the power, the brighter the load becomes.
240V main input Light switched ON
Light switched OFF240V main input
2. Trailing Edge Dimming
Phase control of sensor reaction that can be adjusted automatically or manually to leading edge dimming or trailing edge dimming.
3. Universal dimming
the dimmer setting changes the output to
dim the light
the dimmer setting changes the output to
dim the light
There are 3 main types of power control:
1. Leading Edge Dimmer
Tips from the E xpe rt
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Matching dimmers
Know Your Lights
In todays best homes, the processes of interior design and
lighting design go hand in hand. To improve the home with the right
lighting you need to master the skill of choosing the right fixtures to
achieve the right effects.
Pendant Lamps the most common fixture used in interiors, from living
room to dining room, bedroom to study room. A single pendant lampcan provide complete spatial lighting in a room. When coupled with
dimmers, the lighting spectrum becomes more versatile. The style of
the lamp shade can also affect the lighting quality. Huge open shades,
for instance, are best matched with silver crown bulbs, offering the best
light distribution.
Wall lamps great for spatial, feature or directional lighting. Wall lamps
also come in indirect lighting and dissipating lighting effects, giving
focus and making a room look more spacious. Illumination apart, wall
lamps can also be decorative, making them a crucial aesthetic factor in
interior design.
Torchiere a movable fixture that projects light upward. The lightrebounds from the ceiling and creates a calm and peaceful aura. This
indirect lighting source creates softer lighting effects than pendant
lamps.
Floor lamps independent and strong light source, best used for
emphasizing the lighting arrangement as a whole or in specific areas,
and especially appropriate for mood lighting in corners. Downward, direct
lighting is good for reading and other focal activities, whereas indirect
upward lighting is normally used for enhancing the overall lighting effect.
This mobile fixture offers portable lighting anywhere in the house.
Spotlights lighting fixture that can be installed in ceilings, walls and
wood floorings, extending the realm of zonal lighting. It offers focal
lighting when installed at a desk or for illuminating specific items like
paintings or art pieces. Spotlights are also commonly used in the
kitchen, living room, work room and bathroom.
Cylindrical light fixtures long fluorescent tubes are effective but
generally not considered attractive, and are therefore usually hidden in
shades. They are commonly used in the kitchen, bathroom and garage
where strong direct lighting is needed.
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Light source Leading Edge Dimmer Trailing Edge Dimmer Universal Dimmer
240v light bulb
Wired transformer low voltage
Digital transformer low voltage
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IntheMo
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TH E FU TU R E O F
LIG H TIN G D ESIG N
Lighting technology has undergone a num ber of m ajor advances
in the past half century, and lighting equipm ent is now both
playful and flexible, m aking it m ore than a m ere tool for
general lighting. O ne of the pioneers in the field, Jam es Law of
C ybertecture, believes that lighting is the key to future interior
design.O nly w ith light can w e see the shape and colour of anobject,he explains.W ithout light, neither the w all nor the door
w ould exist.
Tips from the E xpert
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After graduating from the architecture faculty of University College
London, James was hired by top architecture firms. His passion for
technology and architecture inspired him to introduce an innovative design
concept, Cybertecture, in 2001. One of his most recent lighting works is
the worlds first Electronic Arts Experience located in the Hong Kong Peak
Tower. The giant plastic bubble stimulation site is connected to LED digital
display screens, bringing the visitors into a digitally simulated world as in
computer games.
As well as in commercial projects, James says that high technology
lighting has been increasingly adapted for residential use.Ten years ago,
the term Lighting only defined an illuminating system. You go home, turn
on the light then read a book. But now, Lighting means much more than
that: it brings ambience into a room. Many homes are equipped with home
entertainment systems, and the unique lighting system included gives
users a complete theatre experience.
He predicts that LED lamps are going to be widely used in the future,
particularly in interior design styles that are minimalist or futuristic.
LEDs got so many advantages,James explains.First they use a much
lower voltage and current than filament bulbs, therefore saving more
energy. Second, the brightness is easy to control. Third, LED is a brighter
light source with less heat loss. Fourth, they have a longer life and are
less prone to breakage. Last but not least, they bring about limitless
possibilities.
LED lamps used to be manufactured in western countries with
expensive costs, but now that China and India have developed the skill to
produce LEDs, the capital cost for LED production has decreased, making
them economically more competitive. He believes that LED lamps will
replace fluorescent lamps within five years,because its easy to control
LEDsbrightness and colour.
James works with top architects around the world, and constantly
utilises the most advanced technology. Three years ago, he put his
professional knowledge of LED into his home, with futuristic bearings. He
used a lighting control system to control the LEDs, which change colour
according to the genre of music being played. This futuristic cyber interior
design uses LED lamps extensively. For instance, the phone system is
wired to the lighting control system, so that the light changes colour when
the phone rings.This means that, James elaborates,you can pick up the
phone while watching a movie, without having to listen to the disturbing
sound of the ringing tones.
Designers take into consideration many aesthetic qualities to improve
the quality of life.Some people might think that my home is too cyber, but
I designed it for my lifestyle considerations. The effects are created with
indirect lighting, which is very stylish,says James, pointing out that its LED
lighting system can cast 2.3 million colour combinations, (though only a
hundred of them are distinguishable to human eyes). It is more than enough
to create countless possibilities for a rooms atmosphere.
Regarding the development of lighting technology, Jamesinsight
is that traditional architecture uses walls and doors to separate physical
space, but in the near future, people can easily incorporate lighting
technology into every facet of daily life through visionary design.
We areable to use lighting to create screens and divide virtual spaces, whenever
they are needed,he said.Just like the spotlights in nightclubs, where light
is projected onto a foggy space to create a wall that doesnt actually exist.
Its a very common lighting trick.
Le Corbusier defined architecture asthe play of light in space, that
is absolutely what I believe,James says. Using technology to embody both
physical and virtual architecture in symbiotic balance is the philosophy
behind lighting intelligence, and the way of 21st century living.
21
Renowned architect James Law has won the prestigious Royal Institute of Architect Award for Design and subsequently became a member of the Royal
Institute of British Architects. He is also a member of several think tanks on the issues of future technology, design and Cybertecture. As the chief Cybertect
and chairman of James Law Cybertecture International, he has been invited to guest speak at universities in England, Hong Kong, Japan and China.
James has designed some of the most innovative Cybertecture projects in the world, including the world's first artificial intelligence media
laboratory for the Hong Kong Government; the world's first Bricks & Clicks shopping mall - Dickson Cyber Express; and the worlds first
"morphable" house in partnership with IBM in Denmark. He is also the designer for China Telecom's largest interactive Cybertecture centre in
China and a new chain of automated cyber post offices for the Hong Kong Post Office. Recently, James has been involved in the conceptual design
of a Cybertecture Memorial Plaza at the site of the fallen World Trade Center Towers in the United States. His newest project is the IPAD Tower in
Dubai, the worlds first Cybertecture apartment tower.
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IntheMo
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TH E LU X U R Y O F
A M B IEN C E C O N TR O LA m ulti-ray lighting system can be applied in different parts of a hom e, creating a Fine Lighting effect
w ith w ise use of lum inaries and illum ination spectrum com binations. H igh quality lighting control
products can even im plem ent energy-saving in our daily lives.
Tips from the E xpert
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IntheMo
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Effective hom e styling is w hat gives a dw elling
soul. A good design is not only a com fort, but also
a reflection of the designers and residentstaste.
Each designer has his ow n style and presentation
m ethods. Steve Leung is a dedicated advocate
of m inim alist styles. H is w orks reflect the strong
and unique character of m inim alism , w ith skillful
adoption of Asian culture and arts.
M IN IM A L LIG H TIN G
Tips from the E xpert
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Steve is famous for his modern and minimalistic interior design.
Though some may claim that minimalism is easy to handle -- simply use
clean lines, a plain color theme and natural lights they often end up with
results that are boring and cold. Steve does not fall into this trap. All his
projects have a lasting impact on the eye and the mind. We ask Steve how
he would define minimalism and the use of lighting in interior design.
Lighting plays an important role in architecture,he says.I was
trained as an architect, therefore I take lighting and spatial concepts
seriously. Light is incorporated in the architectural whole.
For example, bright and comfortable lighting is suitable for mass
restaurants like fast food restaurants, while moody high-class restaurants
carry softer lighting. Therere cases in which the restaurants keep the same
interior and dcor, but change the ambience totally simply by modifying
the lighting. So the restaurants can provide a cozy lunchtime environment
in the afternoon under natural light, and then a romantic atmosphere for a
more intimate dining experience in the evening by using dimmed lighting or
candlelight. Lighting certainly impacts on the atmosphere of a room. With
some assistance from dimmers or a dimming control system, a space can be
instantly transformed from a quiet cozy area into a party room.
Steve explains that he likes to use light sources to convey
minimalism.For me, minimalism is not only a lifestyle, but also an attitude
towards life. It doesnt mean simple, but instead it makes use of simple
lines and lights to create a harmonious environment, which is much more
sophisticated.
On expressing personal style, he says:The most important point to
note in any room or space is natural light sources, especially in common
areas like the living room and the garden. So my designs use a lot of
natural light, as well as various styles of lighting fixtures to give a room
an attitude. Private or relaxing areas such as bedrooms need soft andadjustable lighting to suit the dwellersmoods. Personally, dim lighting
is a good choice for such adjustments. As for rooms with other specific
functions, it would be up to the dwellersliking and activities.
When asked why the importance of good lighting is often neglected,
Steve suggests that this has to do with a rooms size and its practical
uses.Dim lighting usually gives a mysterious aura. Unexpected darkness
can cause a sense of insecurity, but also curiosity. Most office reception
areas use very bright lighting, but my own company's reception area
doesnt have any windows, which inspired me to go along with the
inherent environment to create a dark space that is both mysterious and
hi-tech. That aroused much impressiveness and curiosity from our clients.
Thats why I would say Mood Expression can also apply to home lighting,
which is a good way to express the dwellersdistinctive characters.
He concludes,From the very beginning, my designs have been
modern and minimal, because thats my attitude towards life. I seek
decency and neatness in work and in life, as well as quality. A minimal
and high quality concept is similar to the traditional Chinese idea of
moderation; they both advocate a principle of modesty, which is about
using the most suitable means to achieve the best ends.
As Ive said, lighting has always been the most essential element in
my designs.
Born in Hong Kong, Steve Leung graduated from HKU with Bachelor of Architecture Degree in 1981. After qualifying as a Hong Kong-registered
Architect in 1983, he obtained a Master of Science Degree in Urban Planning from HKU in 1986. In 1988 he established his own architectural and
urban planning consultancy, and in 1997 restructured it into Steve Leung Architects Ltd and Steve Leung Designers Ltd, working on a wide range of
projects including residences, show flats, clubs, hotels, shops and restaurants.
Steve has been recognized 5 times as world renowned interior designer by the Andrew Martin International Awards, theOscarsof the Architectural
industry. In 2003, his residential project was listed in Images Publishings prestigious50 of the Worlds Best Apartments, as well as adding a
number of Asia Pacific Interior Design Awards to his accolade. Shortly after, he was awarded the iF design award for his second furniture series
Cube. The success story continued as his third furniture seriesLing-Longwon the 1st
Prize at the Annual Industry Awards, UK Birmingham
Fair. In 2006, he gained more global recognition by winning a Gold Medal in the Hospitality Design Awards (US) as well as a Gold Key Awards
(US) nomination with his design for the Maxim Group restaurants. He has also been named one of the Ten Most Outstanding Innovative Chinese
Entrepreneurs in China.
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Tips from the E xpert
PLA Y IN G TR IC K SW ITH LIG H TSAs interior designer and architect Steve Leung says, know ledge of lighting
design and its uses m akes a fascinating topic.
W hen putting lighting design into practice, there are several factors to consider:
the choice of light sources, how to m ake use of natural light, the choice of
digital stabilizers, the w iring system and the choice of quality dim m ing and
scene control system s.
The m aintenance of light fixtures and stabilizers as w ell as their eventual
and tim ely replacem ent is also im portant, since it can im prove the lighting
system s efficiency and cost-effectiveness, w hile ease of installation and
cleaning, as w ell as product safety, are also im portant considerations.
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Fine Lighting is an indispensable element in a modern home, as it can
alter the lighting atmosphere according to the inhabitantsmoods and needs.
The idea is to use dimmers or dimming control systems to complement
appropriate light sources to enhance the quality of our living, work or study
environment. The ultimate goal is to create an efficient, comfortable, safe,
economic and cozy atmosphere with the help of modern lighting technology.
Different Lighting for Different Needs
Living rooms generally call for a welcoming atmosphere and so a stately
and bright ceiling lamp or multi-head pendant lamp is the ideal choice. Pendant
lamps are recommended for ceiling heights of 2.8m or above, and to be
avoided for ceiling heights of less than 2.5m; or if it is a necessary choice, the
pendant lamp should be confined to a maximum height of 30cm to maximize
spaciousness. A floor lamp can be added behind the sofa, of course of a style
and colour that fits in with other interior fixtures. By combining these light
sources with dimmers and electricity circuit control, the end-user can easily
adjust lighting distribution and brightness to soften the mood of the room.
In bedrooms, opt for a silent dimmer to achieve fine lighting. As a
bedroom is sometimes used as a powder room or a reading room, additional
task lighting is often installed for functional purposes, while complementing
the room's relaxing atmosphere. Remember to opt for reading lights that
are mobile and adjustable, so that users can alter illumination angles when
necessary. Reading spaces call for unimpaired vision, so it is essential to
ensure that the ambient lighting and task lighting are harmonious. Task
lighting should be bright yet soft, movable, adjustable and easy to operate, so
as to protect the eyes. The right lighting design not only soothes our sensory
nerves, but also enhances spaciousness and allow versatility.
27
Silent Dimmers Digitalized for Quality Dimming
Thanks to their precise circuit board control, silent dimmers allow bulbs to
perform at their optimum level to minimize humming noise and reduce the
amount of heat generated. Silent dimmers can provide brighter, more
efficient and cost-effective lighting than traditional mechanical dimmers
while consuming less amount of energy.
The Schneider Electric ZENcelo silent dimmer is one of the best. Coming in
an exquisite full flat design, it is available as Full-Flat Silent Dimmer and IR
Remote Control Silent Dimmer, the latter also built with a brightness level
indicator for easy reference.
IR Remote Control Silent Dimmer
(white / sliver bronze)
Full-Flat Silent Dimmer
(white / sliver bronze)
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e LightingLiving and D ining R oo m s
The living and dining areas are the centre of the household, being the social hub for friends and
fam ily as w ell as serving visual and audio entertainm ent, reading and guest entertaining needs. N o
other room has to serve so m any com m on purposes, so it is essential to com plem ent the living and
dining areas by fine lighting, not only to m eet its m ulti-functional dem ands, but also to expand the
space and provide the right am bience for the right functions.
N EW SPA TIA L DIM EN SIO N INLIVIN G R O O M
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A Double Mission: to Illuminate and to Adorn
Light troughs and false ceilings in the living and dining areas can create
a powerful yet poetic feeling in the room. The hidden light sources ensure
that lighting is absolutely glare-free, while subtly unifying the entire space
and providing warmth in a subtle way. Since light troughs and false ceilings
are normally built alongside the walls, they provide subtle illumination along
the edges of the room and give the illusion that the ceiling is receding
upwards, towards the centre of the room, hence a feeling of spaciousness.Artistic lighting comes in two forms: one uses an opaque shield aligned
with the wall, reflecting the lights to give the perfect backdrop for imaginative
dcor; the other involves a top-opening light trough which directs light
upwards to then bounce back from the ceiling, creating a floating sensation.
It is worthwhile to note that home design should not be treated as
an art; rather, it should be a practical form of communication. Art, on the
other hand, is expressive and creative. For that reason, we should always
consider the balance between function and appearance. For example, just
as crystal, glass, stainless steel or other metallic materials complement
modern minimalist designs, a black, grey or white monotone environment
with sensor-operated soft lighting are the recipe for a cool and hip setting.
Simple Solutions for Multi-functions
The latest dimming technology can bring out the harmony between
different zones in the same space, whereas discrete lighting can separate
the space into different areas.
The living room is the hub of the household and it is multifunctional.
Soft lighting for small areas is suitable for casual family chats and it is
important that lighting should not directly bounce off faces; bright lighting,
offering high illumination in a large area, can boost the fun for a friendly
gathering; and task lighting, giving high intensity with medium colour
temperature, is ideal for reading. In general, glare-free products with optimal
softness and enough power to retain sufficient brightness should be used
in the living room.
Lighting control is essential for accentuating the multifunctional natureof the living and dining areas. Thats why lighting experts recommend lighting
controls that utilize high quality dimmers and lighting control systems to
achieve a fine lighting effect, so that the corresponding sets of lights can be
called into action when certain activities are performed in the room. The sofa,
the entertainment system, the cabinet, the wine cabinet, the wall painting,
the hallway they all have different purposes and so lighting must be set up
accordingly, and harmoniously, to bring out the best in every feature.
Apart from dimmers, the use of scene control systems further
enhances the ambience and function of the room to serve different purposes
at different times.
Hints for Choosing Light Fixtures
High intensity light sources such as ceiling lamps, pendant lamps, floor
lamps, table lamps, spotlights and wall lamps are suitable for illumination in
the living room area. Each different type of lamp has its own unique function,
and you can mix and match for a palette of different ambiences. Ceiling
lamps give the home a trendy vibe while floor lamps bring coziness to the
room. Spotlights show paintings or art pieces to their best advantage, and
table lamps beside the television screen offer protective lighting by reducingstrain on the eyes.
In the dining room, a wall lamp, table lamp, ceiling lamp as well as
chandelier and spotlights above the dining table can transform the dining
experience. A high intensity ceiling lamp imparts the perfect hue to food,
while a low-intensity table lamp will conjure up a romantic atmosphere.
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Theres nothing better than relaxing at hom e and indulging in the hom e theatre or m usic. The
locations and settings of the equipm ent, the spatial ratios betw een different elem ents and the
interior design of this area are all equally im portant. The hom e theatre today calls for trendy design,
w hich translates into good lighting design to m atch the cutting-edge audio-visual equipm ent. To
achieve perfect audio and visual effects at hom e, three key w ords m ust be observed: darkness,
spaciousness, and serenity.
ne LightingH om e Th eatre
A PERFEC T H O M E TH EATR E
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The Right Lighting for Good Visual
Performance
Darkness is the desired ambience created by lighting set-up. In dark
surroundings, visual images become more vivid and detailed. Too much
brightness in a room distorts contrasts in the colour and sharpness of
the image, which is why manipulated darkness is the right choice for the
home theatre.
However, the environment neednt be pitch-black. Unlike the real
cinema screen, which is larger than our visual field, a TV screen is smaller
than our visual field. So it overtaxes our eyes to switch our line of sight
between dark surroundings and a bright screen. Subtle lighting between
the TV screen and the dark background alleviates eye strain even after
long periods of time; it also brings out the best colour resolution. On the
other hand, the best contrast is achieved in a pitch-black environment.
Since high definition TV and multimedia computers feature extremely
fine definition of the visual image, backlights are not necessary. Dimmed
rooms are perfect for enjoying the home theatre the lighting should not
exceed 10% of the intensity of the screens brightness. And happily the
remote control is easy to use under dimmed lighting, as compared to in
a complete blackout!
An adequate level of lighting and the elimination of disturbing glare
are the prime requirements for good visual performance. Reflections on
screen are particularly distracting but can be avoided by ensuring that the
monitor and any direct lights are properly positioned in relation to each
other, bouncing reflections of the wall or ceiling instead, for instance.
Backlights directed towards the wall or ceiling can also help to minimise
these reflections. In normal settings, using a light source of less than 15W
on each side of the television is recommended, with no need for additional
direct lighting. It is also important to block out natural lighting from the
outside. Dense, dark drapes or light-blocking blinds can be installed. Mastering Spaciousness and Serenity for
the Best Audio Enjoyment
Spaciousness and serenity refer to the auditory aspect of the home
theatre. Spaciousness means avoiding furniture and light fixtures that are
too large for the room; minimalism is a good philosophy to ensure the
acoustics are at an optimum level. Serenity means blocking out all external
and irrelevant sound or noise, so as to make the perfect environment for the
audience to enjoy their movies.
In a city where every square foot costs thousands of dollars, most
living rooms double as a home theatre area. The impact of normal daily
activities and natural lighting on the home theatres audio and video quality
is significant, so it is essential to take into play the design of the walls, the
choice of flooring materials and colours, the selection of sound absorption
curtains, etc., when transforming a living space into a home theatre. To
maximize space usage, try installing a projector screen that can be rolled
up to the ceiling or into a light trough, thereby cancelling the need for a TV
stand. With some creativity in fixture design and lighting control, a peaceful
setting of darkness and silence can be created for an excellent home
theatre experience.
Scene Control Systems
Small spaces usually cannot afford to have a separate entertainment room,
and the living room doubles as a home theatre. Thats why a scene control
system for fine lighting is ideal for transforming the living room into a home
theatre. One-touch scene control enables you to recall any pre-programmed
combination of lights and light intensity to create the desired scene,
intensify the mood and bring out the absolute best in your home theatre.
The intelligent system can also integrate the TV, DVD player and drape
control platforms together with the lighting system, and users can derive
ultimate convenience from this leading technology.
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NEO-X scene control systemULTI scene control system
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Fine LightingB edroom s
EXU D IN G A SO FT A N D
PEA C EFU L A U R A IN
O ne third of our lives is spent in bed correct lighting in the bedroom
is therefore extrem ely im portant as it im proves the quality of our sleep.
Apart from sleeping, the bedroom is a space w here w e also enjoy reading,
listening to m usic or w atching TV. The space often doubles as a w ardrobe
area or even a pow der room . To serve these different purposes, bedroom
lighting should be relaxing and peaceful, w ith task lighting for specific
functions.
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Soft Lighting in Bedrooms
Lighting in the bedroom should be warm and soft. This room needs to
provide a safe haven from the daily grind under harsh white light, and the
solution is subtle lighting with a yellow tone which provides a comfortable
environment for sleeping and rejuvenating the body and mind. Avoid using
a ceiling fixture as the core or sole light source. If you must use a ceiling
fixture, opt for one with a warm-tone bulb and a lampshade, but bear in
mind that a heavy fixture will be a hindrance to the relaxing ambience in
the room. You can use a wall lamp or a cylinder lamp at the makeup table to
complement any overhead lighting.
Remember to use light of a colour tone in keeping with your dcor
or personal preferences: yellow, red and purple tones can make a world of
difference in the bedroom. Note that while a light source with high colour
temperature can lend freshness to this personal space, it tends to make the
room stark in dim lighting. On a final note, little nightlights are better than
bedside crystal lamps: they give enough glow for night vision but wont spoil
the ambience for sleeping.
Transformation from Bedroom to Dressing Room
The closet is considered a utility area of the bedroom and should be
treated with task lighting so that you have enough light to find your clothes
or accessories - and of course to be able to see properly what colours thoseclothes are! Dimmers can also be installed to give flexibility, and specific
lighting scenes can be set for various uses.
Coupled with a good quality dimming system, lighting in the bedroom can
have a profound effect on the overall enjoyment of a living environment.
Nightlights
Nightlights give a soft glow which
eases sleep. Some are equipped
with a sensor system which is
perfect for when you wake up in
the middle of the night. Presetting
the brightness of these lamps
helps relieve any discomfort
from contrasts in lighting; this is
an especially handy feature for
children's rooms.
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The kitchen in a m odern hom e is not only for cooking. N ow adays m ost fam ilies
spend a lot of tim e in this room so its essential that it is beautiful, functional and
com fortable. The increasingly popular practice of open kitchen design calls for better
and m ore flexible lighting system s. Soft lighting can m ake food look m ore appetising,
and turn the cooking process into an enjoyable task.
e LightingKitch en
W ITH PER FEC T LIG H TIN G
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Task-specific and easy to clean
Regardless of size, most kitchens use ceiling lamps or pendant lamps
for illumination. Some bigger kitchens use discrete track lights to ensure
enough brightness in every corner for different tasks. When choosing a light
fixture for what is a notoriously oily area, the key words areeasy to clean.
Pick fixtures that are made from stainless materials or have a protective
layer. Most kitchen designs include inlay or semi-inlay diffusing lamps above
the work surfaces. These embedded areas are made of a transparent glass
or plastic material which is easy to clean and can summon a pure and
pristine aura free of dust and oil. A range hood is usually installed above the
stove, with internal lighting that should be sufficient for cooking.
Multiple lighting functions
To match the trend for combining cooking and dining within a single
location, lighting in the kitchen needs to be planned according to the
functions of different areas. The lighting for the cooking area should be bright
and sharp to accommodate all kinds of food preparation procedures. In the
dining area however, lighting should be gentle, allowing for a comfortable
and relaxing dining environment. Dimmers have a role in this area too
because users may want to switch between moods. In open kitchens, an
array of cabinets (I-shape, L-shape or U-shape) is generally complemented
by track lights, usually in a set of 6 to 10 warm tone lights which make the
space seem clean and fresh.
Nowadays cabinets often come equipped with LED lights as well, which
brings a playfulness into this small space: its simply a matter of pressing
a button on the glass panel frontage to change lighting colours. So with
35
How to prevent tripping of an MCB?
When the total current flow is over the total current limit of an MCB (Miniature
Circuit Breaker: a modern replacement for a fuse), the MCB will trip to
isolate the power supply, hence avoids overloading and protects cables and
components. To avoid tripping, damage of appliances, fire or even explosion,
you should consult a licensed electrical engineer for a suitable MCB to
meet your total power needs. Write down clear instructions for safety and
maintenance, and do not place any items in front of the MCB. Some MCBs
are installed and concealed in the walls for aesthetic purposes.
typical ease, a space thats often associated with grease and fumes can be
transformed into a welcoming and adaptable space, thanks to the flexibility
of the lighting system.
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The bathroom is increasingly acknow ledged as a
place to relax and recharge, and m odern design and
equipm ent are trendy and high tech. The lighting for
this space therefore requires extra thought. W hen
it's done right, the payoff is great, offering a spa
experience and m aking you feel pam pered every
tim e you close the door on the w orld.
SO FT LIG H TIN G FO R
T H A T
ightingBa throom
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Decorating for Bath-time Pleasures
Proper lighting is of fundamental importance in every bathroom. A
properly lit bathroom helps to make you and your private space look as good
as possible, while also ensuring your safety. Take the spa salons for example:
those dimmed rooms are yearned for because of their soft and romantic
environment. Most bathrooms have limited space and lack natural light, so
artificial lighting is necessary. A good lighting plan involves a series of layers,
with ample light where it is needed for showers, shaving or putting on makeup,for instance, in addition to other light sources which make the room look crisp
and clean.
Bathrooms with false ceilings make use of indirect light to cast pools
of warm illumination downwards through perforations and semi-transparent
materials.
Frosted glass makes wonderful lampshades for the bathroom. Its
heavy though, so extra attention must be paid during installation to ensure
safety. Organic luminous glass plates that feature engraved patterns assists
the diffusion of light rays. However this material is sensitive to heat and
easily distorted, so a low-temperature fluorescent light must be used with
any shade made from this glass, with a certain distance kept between the
bulb and the shade.
In addition to providing the utmost in functionality, mirror-side or above-
sink bathroom lighting also adds great style. Ideal lighting positions are
above the sink, toilet seat, bathtub and shower case, so as to supply enough
lighting for each area. Note that the bathroom fittings must be completely
encased to avoid short circuits and electric shocks due to the presence of
water or moisture. They should also be double insulated, with the bulb and all
metal parts covered to ensure that they are waterproof, moisture-proof and
anti-corrosion treated for easy cleaning.
Practical and Safe Fixtures
With the advances in technology used for housing, bathroom ventilation
systems now come equipped with health-conscious features like dual-speed
motors, exhaust fans and anion generators to provide new experiences ofcomfort, convenience and hygiene. The dual-speed motor provides heating
functions and improves airflow, keeping the space dry and killing the
mould and bacteria that grow in damp environments. The built-in exhaust
fan efficiently and quietly removes moisture, carbon dioxide and bathroom
odours. The anion generator provides fresh air in the bathroom, which can
help hair growth and has possible curative effects. Concealed waterproof
light switches of a particular specification can mean that there are no water
pipes, electric wires or switches visible on the wall; this aspect of the design
is not only pleasing to the eye but is also a significant safety feature.
37
Using a Motion Sensor
Special light switches are used in the bathroom to
enhance the practicability and safety of the lighting
system. For example, a motion sensor can be connected
to the lighting system for instant illumination whenever
people enter the room. Another option is installing a
switch with a locator function this will guide users
through the dark to the exact location of the switch.
Locator
Motion sensor
Sockets for Bathrooms
If you need to use high voltage electric appliances like
hair dryers in the bathroom, you need to use RCD
(Residual Current Device) sockets which prevent short
circuits in a moist environment. The alternative is using
safety covers for sockets to ensure they are waterproof,
dust-proof and shock-proof. For low voltage devices such
as shavers, shaver units like those in hotel bathrooms will
suffice but remember these are not suitable for hair
dryers and other high voltage appliances.
Safety cover
RCD Socket
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Fine LightingEntrance A rea
D ESIG N FO R A N
If your hom e has an entrance area or hallw ay, then a few little tricks can greatly enhance both the
designs best features and the practical aspects of the space.
Nicely Lit for Big Impact
To bring out the best qualities and practical use of the entrance area, a
wisely designed lighting control system plays an important role. A carefully
balanced distribution of lights is used.
Most entrance areas do not have windows; therefore its necessary
to have suitable lighting design for this space, which ties in with the
atmosphere of the rest of the house. There are a number of ways to light the
entrance area, such as using a big chandelier or pendant light as the main
light source, paired with spotlights, wall lamps and LED lights as assisting
lights. Up-light floor lamps are also an option here.
A Fusion of Lights and Materials
The entrance areas of modern metropolitan residential flats are
usually very restricted in terms of space and natural light, and so its best to
Savvy switch use
Have you ever forgotten to turn off the living room lights before going into
the bedroom? Or had to walk around in the dark after switching off the
hallway lights? To avoid these situations, you can install 2-way switches.
These are useful for switching lights on and off from the entrance as well as
from outside the bedroom. This practical solution brings convenience and
safety to the home.
adopt a light, bright colour theme in these hallways. Alternatively, installing
embellished glass, mirror or other transparent materials adjacent to the door
frame can help bring external lighting into the area.
Considering the high usage of the entrance area, fogged tiles or stone
materials are suitable, because they are durable and easy to clean.
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Fine LightingPatio
The w isdom of hom e design som etim es springs from a single idea. M ost designs only focus on
existing physical spaces, neglecting the possible spatial connection betw een the interior and the
patio or garden. W ith good lighting design, space can be extended.
Spatial Extension
When designing a home, the patio can be used as an extension of the
flat to make connections between the indoor living space and the outdoors.
Outdoor lighting can assist in opening up the space. For instance, an
expansive floor-to-ceiling glass sliding door admits a flood of natural light
while dissolving the boundary between inside and outside. LED lamps can also
contribute to landscape design, bringing the beautiful image of the outdoors
into the home during the evenings, and creating an illusion of spaciousness.
With good use of lighting, a sizeable patio can draw the eyes outside,
Sockets for Outdoors
Opt for waterproof and humid-proof sockets for any external
electricity supply.
TIPS FO R
LIG H TIN G D ESIG N
extending the home outwards, while simultaneously bringing the outdoor
scenario into the home. Why not adjust some furniture and enjoy the
splendid views from your favourite perch?
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40
IntheMo
odof L
ove
SM A R T H O M E C O N TR O L
FO RIntelligent system s are becom ing prevalent in todays technological era.
Sm art identity cards and e-passages are used in im m igration procedures;
electronic paym ent system s and the O ctopus C ard offer alternatives to
cash paym ent; transportation system s and facilities in m alls are also
becom ing autom ated; and the m ovem ent is sweeping into our hom es.
W ith the rapid developm ent of w ireless netw orking technology, Sm art
H om e is no longer confined to science fiction. It already exists in our
daily lives and attracts increasing public attention, especially from those
pursuing better living standards. As technology becom es m ore significant,
Sm art H om e C ontrol w ill be w idespread in the future.
H om e of the F uture
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Centralized Home Control Systems
Notwithstanding the recent increasing popularity of the Smart Home,
many people still have the misconception that it costs hundreds of thousands,
or even a million dollars, to install a household intelligence system. Yet
as designer James Law comments,Smart Home Control isnt a bunch of
products but a system which connects electronic appliances and furniture
in the home through a wireless network. Operating through just a remote
control device, it brings you a simpler, safer and more comfortable lifestyle.
Smart Home Control and intelligent electronic appliances are often
considered as interdependent. Yet electronic appliances in a Smart Home
Control are not necessarilyintelligent. Existing appliances can be connected
into a single platform through a Smart Home Control System, sparing us the
trouble of having to use different switches for different electronic appliances.
With a preset program, the simple touch of one button can switch the home
to the TV mode, which automatically and simultaneously switch on the TV
and DVD player, dim the lights and draw the curtains. Existing air-conditioners,
DVD players, TVs, computers and even curtains can all be easily connected to
the Smart Home system for centralized control.
For kitchens and bathrooms, connecting electric stoves, water heaters
and drying machines to a single system is the safest and most convenient
set-up.
In addition, the Smart Home system can complement various security
devices, such as various types of sensors, to increase the level of security.
Automated control of the curtains according to the amount of daylight can
help to reduce energy use for lighting and air-conditioning.
Enhanced Convenience through
Remote Control
At a more sophisticated level, users can control and monitor their homes
from a distance through devices such as computers, mobile phones and PDAs
connected to the wireless network, making the home moretransparent.
Functions include turning on and off lighting, TVs, hi-fis, air-conditioners, DVD
players and the security system.
Smart Home Control means that all electrical appliances and lighting
fixtures are brought under control with one single remote control device. For
instance, you can turn off the kitchen, bathroom and/or the bedroom lights
without moving a step from your favourite armchair. An intelligent centralized
remote access system also allows air-conditioners to be switched on well
before you get home on a hot summers day.
The great news for those always on the go is that: you no longer need to
search for that mysteriously displaced remote control device amidst a pile of
others cause all you have is one!
41
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U seful Inform ation
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U seful Inform ation1. What are CE and IEC?
The CE mark is used on products that conform to the health and
safety requirements set by the European Union. Products bearing the
CE stamp do not need further safety standard testing to be accessible to
consumers in the EU.
IEC standards are the international standards for electrotechnologies
set and issued by the International Electrical Commission, a standards
organization composed of committees from various countries representing
the electrotechnical interests of each nation. The IEC prepares and
publishes international standards for electrical and electronic products
worldwide. As the worlds first international standards organization,
the IEC was founded in 1906, based on a decision made during the
International Electrical Congress held in St. Louis, USA in 1904.
The IEC mission
The IEC mission is to improve standardization and international
cooperation in electrotechnology through its national committees. Concrete
actions include testing the conformity of products to international standards,
and cooperation in the field of electrical, electronic and related technologies.
Structure of the IEC
At present, there are 60 IEC members, also known as IEC national
committees. Some national committees are constituted by the public sector
only, some are a combination of public and private sectors, and some are
private sector only. Each country has only one organization that can be
accepted as her national committee.
There are 2 types of membership: full membership and associate
membership. Full membership allows countries to actively participate in IECactivities and grants voting rights. Full members must agree to open access
and balanced representation from all private and public electrotechnical
interests in its country. Associate membership allows for limited participation
for countries with limited resources. They can attend IEC meetings as
observers, but have no voting rights.
Finally, the Affiliated Country Programme allows the participation of
countries whose national committees are usually formed through the help of
the IEC Central Office or neighbouring IEC members; they become eligible for
IEC associate membership after 5 years.
Korea recognizes EM Mark/ the US recognizes UL Mark/ the UK recognizes
the ISO9001 Certification
2. What are EMC standards?
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) refers to the ability of a unit,
product or system to operate properly in pre-decided electromagnetic
environment without generating any interference effects, hence avoiding
the emission of harmful radiation. EMC standards are now part of the
requirements of many international safety standards.
3. What is the difference between an
adaptorand atransformer?
An adaptor is used totransform the form of a plug, and it is commonly
mixed up with the wordtransformer.
A transformer consists of 2 or more coils of wire. Its main use is to alter
voltage and electrical resistance and to transfer electricity from one circuit
to another. It allows electrical appliances manufactured to work with 110V
to operate in Hong Kongs 220V system.
4. IP Rating
Recognized by most countries in Europe, the IP Rating provides a
useful system for classifying electronic enclosures into categories based ontheir protection against collision and the intrusion of dust and water.
The IP Rating is defined by the IP Code in the IEC 529 (BSEN 60529:
1992). Two digits following the lettersIPindicate the levels of protection.
The first digit indicates the equipments level of protection against dust and
userssafety level against hazards inside an enclosed environment. The second
digit indicates the equipments level of protection against water.
Number: 1st
digit Solid 2
nddigit Liquid
0 No protection
No protection
1 Protected against solid objects larger than 50mm, such as accidental hand contact
Protected against vertical drips
2 Protected against solid objects with a diameter exceeding 12mm and a length less
than 80mm, such as fingers
Protected against water spraying at an angle of 15o
3 Protected against solid objects larger than 2.5mm, such as tools and metal wires
Protected against water spraying at an angle of 60o
4 Protected against solid objects larger than 1mm, such as thin metal wires
Protected against water splashing from any direction with limited ingress of water
5 Protected against dust. Ingress of dust is not entirely eliminated but there is no
harmful accumulation
Protected against water jets from any direction with limited ingress of water
6 Dust-tight. No ingress of dust
Protected against powerful water jets from any direction with limited ingress of water
7 Not applicable
Allows temporary immersion in water from 15cm up to 1m for up to 30 minutes
8 Not applicable
Allows continuous immersion in water under pressure
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Country VoltageFrequency PlugTypeAmerica AC 120V, 60Hz A
Argentina AC 220V, 50Hz C/I
Belize AC 110/220V, 60Hz A/B/G/H
Bolivia AC 110/220V, 60Hz A/C
Brazil AC 110/220V, 60Hz A/B/C
Canada AC 110V, 60Hz B
Chile AC 220V, 50Hz C/F/L
Colombia AC 110V, 60Hz A/B
Costa Rica AC 110V, 60Hz A/B
Dominica AC 230V, 50Hz D/G
Dominican Rep. AC 120V, 60Hz A
Ecuador AC 120/220V, 60Hz A/B/C/D
Franch Guiana AC 220V, 60Hz C
Country VoltageFrequency PlugTypeGuatemala AC 120/240V, 60Hz A/B/G/H/I
Guyana AC 110/220V, 60Hz A/H
Haiti AC 110/220V, 60Hz A/B/H
Honduras AC 110V, 60Hz A/B
Mexico AC 127/220V, 60Hz A/B
Nicaragua AC 110V, 60Hz A
Panama AC 120/240V, 60Hz A/B/I
Paraguay AC 220V, 50Hz C
Peru AC 220V, 60Hz A/C
Salvador AC 110V, 60Hz A/B
Surinam AC 127/220V, 60Hz C/F
Ukraine AC 220V, 50Hz C/F
Venezuela AC 110/220V, 60Hz A/B/H
Country VoltageFrequency PlugTypeAustralia AC 240V, 50Hz I
Fiji AC 240V, 50Hz I
Guam AC 120V, 60Hz A/B
New Zealand AC 230V, 50Hz I
Palau AC 110V, 60Hz B
Country VoltageFrequency PlugTypePapua New Guinea AC 240V, 50Hz I
Sapiens AC 110V, 60Hz A
Solomon Islands AC 220-250V, 50Hz C/D
Tonga AC 240V, 50Hz I
Country VoltageFrequency PlugTypeCentral Africa AC 220V, 50Hz C/E
Egypt AC 220V, 50Hz C
Libya AC 230V, 50Hz D/Loltage
Frequency PlugType
Morocco AC 220V, 50Hz C/E
South Africa AC 220V, 50Hz D
Swaziland AC 220V, 50Hz D
A m e ric a
P acific
O cean
A fric a
Type G
Type H
Type I
Type J
Type K
Type L
Type M
*The above specifications are for reference only.
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AUSTRALIA
Tel: +618 8269 0511
Fax: +618 8340 1724/ +618 8436 1678
CHINA
Tel: +86 21 2401 2500
Fax: +86 21 6485 3223/ +86 21 6485 7831
HONG KONG
Tel: +852 2487 0261
Fax: +852 2487 0110
INDIA
Tel: +91 11 4159 0000
Fax: +91 11 4167 8010/ +91 11 4167 8011
INDONESIA
Tel: +62 21 630 6430
Fax: +62 21 631 6279
KOREA
Tel: +82 2 1588 2630
Fax: +82 2 2631 5268
MALAYSIA
Tel: +603 7883 6333Fax: +603 7883 6168
NEW ZEALAND
Tel: +64 9 576 3403
Fax: +64 9 576 1015
PAKISTAN
Tel: +92 21 506 7278
Fax: +92 21 506 3369
PHILIPPINES
Tel: +63 2 860 7999
Fax: +63 2 896 7229/ +63 2 896 7255
SINGAPORE
Tel: +65 6415 3288Fax: +65 6415 3289
SOUTH AFRICA
Tel : +27 11 254 6400
Fax: +27 11 254 6640
SRI LANKA
Tel: +94 112 343512/ +94 114 737702
Fax: +94 114 724054
TAIWAN
Tel: +886 2 8751 6388
Fax: +886 2 8751 6389
THAILAND
Tel: +662 617 5555Fax: +662 617 5501
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Tel: +971 6 5570 777
Fax: +971 6 5570 333
UNITED KINGDOM
Tel: +44 870 608 8608
Fax: +44 870 608 8606
VIETNAM
Tel: +84 8 810 8773
Fax: +84 8 810 8776
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