The Autobahn Has no Speed Limit – Your XPages Shouldn’t Either

Tweet about this event: #xpages

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October 17, 2013

@teamstudio teamstudio.com

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@eknori

Taline Badrikian Marketing Director

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Continuity

The Autobahn has no speed limit - Your XPages shouldn't either!

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#XPages

Paul Della-Nebbia TLCC

@PaulDN

Your Host Today:

Upcoming and Recorded Webinars

2

Next Webinar on November 19th

www.tlcc.com/xpages-webinar

View Previous Webinars (use url above)

TLCC Courses and Services

3

• The Leader in Notes and Domino Training since 1997 • Self Paced Distance Learning Courses for Notes/Domino

– XPages, Development, and Administration (user too!) – Learn anywhere using your Notes client – Many demos and activities – An Instructor is a click away

• OnSite Private Classes • TLCC Mentoring Services

What’s New at TLCC

4

Free course – Introduction to XPages Development (both 8.5 and 9.0)

New Courses! • Notes Domino 9 Application Development 1 • Notes Domino 9 Application Development Update • Java 1 for XPages Development (9.0) • Notes Domino 9 System Administration Update • Notes Domino 9 System Administration 1

New Packages!

• XPages and JavaScript for Domino 9 Package • XPages and Rapid Development for Domino 9 Package • XPages, JavaScript and Rapid Development for Domino 9 Package

TLCC’s Fall Sale – Extended to Oct. 31st

XPages Skills Path

5

Core Notes/Domino Skills

Domino Object Model skills LotusScript or

Java

JavaScript for XPages Developers

XPages Development 1

Rapid XPages Development (user interface controls)

XPages Development 2

Mobile XPages Development

Java for XPages

Suggested TLCC Skills Path at TLCC.com

TLCC Can Help: • Self Paced Courses • Instructor Led Online • OnSite Private Instructor Led • Blended Learning • Custom courses

Asking Questions

6

Q & A at the end! Type in your questions as they come up

Your Presenters Today:

#XPages

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Howard Greenberg IBM Champion

Founding Partner TLCC

@TLCCLtd

Ulrich Krause IBM Champion

Senior Software Architect BCC

@Eknori, @bccffm

About: Ulrich Krause

• Administrator /Developer since 1993 • Senior Software Architect at BCC, Germany

• OpenNTF Contributor • IBM Champion 2011/2012/2013

• Blog http://www.eknori.de • Web http://www.bcc.biz • Forum (de) (http://www.atnotes.de) • Twitter @eknori • Mail ulrich.krause@eknori.de

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Agenda

• What factors affect Performance? • JSF Lifecycle Listener • Partial Update / Partial Execute • Tools • Coding Factors

– ViewNavigator vs. GetItemValue – SSJS vs. Java – Stringbuilder

• Questions???

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XPages Request

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Hardware

• The hardware used has a significant influence on performance. There are 3 key elements:

– CPU – Main Memory – Hard Disk

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Hardware

• Main Memory – Limit defined by the operating system Scalability

• CPU – Cores / Clock / Cache Poor response time

• Weak CPU AND Low Memory – Poor overall performance – Poor response times – Server "hangs"

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Network

• Latency – Time taken for data transmission between

multiple computers on a network • Bandwidth

– Rate of transmission of data • Greater Bandwidth

+ Lower Latency -------------------------------- = Better Connection

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Client & Browser

• Hardware • How many data requests / responses are

transmitted • How much data is transferred (size) • Caching of resources • How much CSJS runs • Size / complexity of the CSS • Complexity of the site structure

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Limiting factors on performance

• Browser / HTTP server – Network latency – distance/time to server. – Bandwidth – size of files. – Browser limits on concurrent downloads

• IE7 allows 2 downloads, IE8 allows 6

• HTTP Server / App Server

– HTTP Server JVM heap size & garbage collector – CPU time, competition between threads, gives slower

response times – Threads, limited to 40 by default

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Limiting factors on performance

• App Server / Domino context – Read design elements from the NSF (XPage .class files, form

structure, etc) – Backend API calls may be expensive, especially for large data

sets – Design elements may be network requests

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Limiting factors on performance

• Servlet / Lifecycle – Restore control tree – file system read. Control tree locking

– no concurrent access – Rendered re-evaluated for every control for most phases

• Browser/Client JavaScript/Dojo

– Inline JavaScript blocks insertion of later HTML elements into the DOM tree

– Dojo does AJAX requests for .js files for dojo modules that are not loaded

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General Performance Options

• notes.ini – HTTPJVMMaxHeapSizeSet=1 – HTTPJVMMaxHeapSize=256M

• Should be set to ¼ of the available RAM

• Domino Administrator – HTTP server Disable Logging – HTTP server thread count defaults to 40

• link to IBM article

• Debugging enabled in notes.ini ? – JavaEnableDebug=1 – JavaDebugOptions=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspen

d=n,address=8000 – JavascriptEnableDebug=1

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Reducing Memory Utilization

• xsp.persistence.mode= – Defines the persistence mode for the JSF pages

• file: All the pages are persisted on disk • fileex: All the pages are persisted on disk except the current one,

which stays in memory • <else>: All the pages stay in memory (tree mode)

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JavaScript/CSS Aggregation

• Groups many DOJO, CSS / JS files into a single file – Less requests from the browser to the server – Performance improvements on networks with high

latency – Enhanced performance parsing CSS / JS – Fewer connections to the server

On the Server: xsp.properties: xsp.resources.aggregate=true

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JavaScript/CSS Aggregation

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XPages PreLoad

• XPagesPreload=1 • New Feature in Notes / Domino 8.5.3 • Works on Server and Client • Java classes from the XPages runtime plug-ins loaded

from a fixed list of runtime classes ( 435 in ND 8.5.3 ) – com.ibm.xsp.core, common utility, JS wrapper, FSF runtime

classes

• Java classes referenced in *-faces.config.xml – XPages control renderer, data sources, complex types

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XPages PreLoad

• XPagesPreloadDB = Server!!Db.nsf/XPage.xsp, myLocalDb.nsf

• Works at the application level • The application is loaded on the client / server startup into

memory – This happens even when the application is first opened in

the browser

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XPages PreLoad (cont.)

• For each entry in the notes.ini variable, an XPage URL is generated and sent to the server

• The application is loaded, and the HTML generated

• The XPages runtime discards the HTML, but retains the application in memory

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Scoped Variables

• applicationScope – Are visible for all users of one application – Expires some time after the last user used an

applicationScope variable – applicationScope variables are NOT persistent forever

• sessionScope – Is valid through the session of the current user – A user session expires after some time of inactivity – Uses don't have access to the sessionScope variables of

other users

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Scoped Variables (cont.)

• viewScope – Is visible for views on the current page only.

– Useful for transporting a search query to a view.

• requestScope – Is valid through one request of the current user. – That includes refreshing of a page.

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Caching with Application Scope

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Next Up:

#XPages

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Howard Greenberg IBM Champion

Founding Partner TLCC

@TLCCLtd

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JSF Life Cycle - Post

Restore View

•Restore component tree •Events: •afterRestoreView

Apply Request Values

•Copy data to Editable controls

Process Validations

•Validations •Converters

Update Model Values

•Move values to data source

Invoke Application

•Application logic •Events: •onClientLoad (XPage, etc) •on… events of button, etc.

Render Response

•Convert to HTML, etc. •Events: •beforeRenderReponse •afterRenderResponse

Request

Response

Lifecycle1 XPage – Initial Page Load

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Render Response

•Rendered property for id: label1 • Label property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Default value property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 • values property for id: comboBox1 • values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Value property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2 •Value property for id: computedField2

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Lifecyle1 – Submit (Full Update)

Restore View

Apply Request Values (8)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Process Validations (11)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Validation for inputText1 •Default value property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Update Model Values (8)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Invoke Application (1)

•OnClick event for id: button1

Render Response (11)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Label property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Value property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2 •Value property for id: computedField2 39 SSJS Calls

When to Execute - # vs $

• # is Compute dynamically – Executed every time the page is rendered – Use for values that are likely to change

• $ is Compute on Page Load – Executed when the page is first loaded – Use for values that don't change

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<xp:label id="label1"> <xp:this.value>

<![CDATA[#{javascript:return “My Label”;}]]> </xp:this.value> </xp:label>

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Lifecyle2 – Submit (Full Update) - On Page Load

Restore View

Apply Request Values

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Process Validations (2)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Validation for inputText1 •Default value property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Update Model Values

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Invoke Application (1)

•OnClick event for id: button1

Render Response (3)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Label property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Value property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2 •Value property for id: computedField2 6 SSJS Calls, saved 33

Changed all Rendered and Values (comboBox) to only compute on Page Load

Options for dynamically computing the Rendered: • Scoped variables

– Still get calculated but do the heavy lifting once and then read the scoped variable in the Rendered property

• DataContexts – Compute a value at the Xpage or Panel level once – Refer to the value using EL (much faster than SSJS)

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But I need dynamic Rendering!

DataContext

• Can be thought of as global variables • Value can be computed dynamically or on page load

– Warning: Computing dynamically has performance impact

• Can be scoped to any level that a data source can – XPage, Custom Control or Panel – Set a dataContext in a panel in a repeat control to avoid

multiple references to a NotesDocument's item

• Can be referenced using EL – Benefit: Not having to go through the SSJS parser

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DataContext - Pitfall

• Be careful binding data context variables dynamically – They will be recomputed multiple times, even when in

partial execution mode and if they are not in use (six times!)

• Apply Request Values • Process Validations • Update Model Values • Invoke Application • Twice in Render Response!

• If computed on page load then only computed once on page load

• See Paul Withers blog entry to learn how to set a data context value via code

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• Partial Refresh (Update) – Computes entire XPage,

only sends back what is in the partial refresh id (refreshId)

• Partial Execution – Only calculates what is in

the area specified (execId)

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Partial Refresh vs. Partial Execution?

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Partial Refresh Demo - Results

Restore View

Apply Request Values (8)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Process Validations (11)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Validation for inputText1 •Default value property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Update Model Values (8)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Invoke Application (1)

•OnClick event for id: button1

Render Response (2)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Label property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Value property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2 •Value property for id: computedField2 30 SSJS Calls, saved 9

Only Savings were here!

Partial Refresh Pros and Cons

• Pros – Reduced control processing in the render response phase – Smaller response from server

• Means reduced network usage

– Better UI experience • Rest of the page is still visible while waiting for a response

• Cons – Controls like computed fields outside refresh area don’t refresh – Be careful turning this on for a completed XPage (TEST!) – Can only update one area (one id)

• Workaround on Tim Tripcony blog here 39

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Partial Execution Demo - Results

Restore View

Apply Request Values (1)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Process Validations (1)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Validation for inputText1 •Default value property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Update Model Values (1)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Invoke Application (1)

•OnClick event for id: button1

Render Response (12)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Label property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Default value property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Value property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2 •Value property for id: computedField2

16 SSJS Calls Saved 13

Partial Execution Pros and Cons

• Pros – Reduced processing in the 3 data-processing phases

• Cons – Control with onClick event has to be inside the execId area – Editable values outside of the executed area do not get

submitted/updated (reset to default values) – Existing XPages need analysis/testing before using this

• Current onclick events might refer to controls where the data is not submitted

– ExecMode available in 8.5.1 – Have to use source to enter ExecId (in 8.5, 9.0 has Designer UI)

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Partial Refresh AND Execution Demo - Results

Restore View

Apply Request Values (1)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Process Validations (1)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Validation for inputText1 •Default value property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Update Model Values (1)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2

Invoke Application (1)

•OnClick event for id: button1

Render Response (2)

•Rendered property for id: label1 •Label property for id: label1 •Rendered property for id: inputText1 •Rendered property for id: label2 •Rendered property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •values property for id: comboBox1 •Rendered property for id: computedField1 •Value property for id: computedField1 •Rendered property for id: computedField2 •Value property for id: computedField2

6 SSJS Calls, saved 33

disableValidators= true

• All phases (1-6) occur • Turns off all validators • Converters continue to work • Items in documents will be updated

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Restore View Apply Request Values

Process Validations

•No Validators get executed here!

Update Model Values

Invoke Application

Render Response

Immediate = true

• JSF Lifecycle processes only phases (1, 2, 6)

• No data processing • Items in documents are not

updated • Onclick event handler scripts and

render response calculations are performed

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Restore View Apply Request Values

Process Validations

Update Model Values

Invoke Application

Render Response

Using the loaded Property

• Loaded = true – Not in component tree or

memory

• Loaded = false – Control is not created – Can never be rendered

or accessed – Saves memory too

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Loaded only computed once in the createView phase

Life Cycle Performance Suggestions

• Most properties, like CSS “style” are only computed in the RenderResponse phase

• Watch and minimize: – Rendered property (when dynamic)

• Computed multiple times! • Use dataContexts or scoped variables

when able

• Use both Partial Refresh (Update) and Partial Execute when able

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Watch Out for @DbLookup

• @DbLookup about 3-4 times slower than SSJS – res = @DbLookup(db,"CustomersByNameView",names[i], "phone");

vs. – doc = vw.getDocumentByKey(names[i], true);

res = doc.getItemValueString("phone");

• Five lookups repeated 100 times – @DbLookup averaged about 1728ms – getDocumentByKey averaged 510ms

• Other @Functions not tested

47

Next Up:

#XPages

48

Ulrich Krause IBM Champion Senior Software

Architect BCC

@Eknori, @BCCFFM

Images

• Use correct file type depending on content – JPEG for complex and detailed images – PNG/GIF for simple images, fonts, transparencies

• Use the HTML <img> tag “width” and “height” attributes

• For faster HTML layout in the browser

– Size the image to size you intend to use • Resizing using html attributes height and width will delay the

rendering of your page • Images larger than necessary will waste bandwidth

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Image Sprites

• Use CSS Image Sprites – If you have multiple small images, make a single larger

image containing the smaller images – Use CSS to display only the relevant subset image at a

location in the page – For semantically significant sprites, provide an

accessibility “title” attribute (as sprites don't use the IMG “alt” attribute, but you still want to assist blind users)

– There's no specific XPages support for sprites, but they're used in the XPages OneIU themes

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CSS Image Sprite Sample

http://www.w3schools.com/css/tryit.asp?filename=trycss_sprites_img

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XPages Toolbox

• XPages based Application – Runs on the Domino server or the Notes client – An NSF needs to be installed on the server/Notes client – A profiler jar file should be added to the JVM launch options

• Measures CPU performance and memory allocation • Available from OpenNTF.org

– Free open source project • http://www.openntf.org/internal/home.nsf/project.xsp?action=open

Document&name=XPages%20Toolbox

• Extended in 8.5.2 to support backend classes profiling

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XPages Toolbox

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XPages Toolbox

• Generate a heap dump of the JVM running in the HTTP task

– A button in the XPages profiler generates the heap dump – From the Domino console

• tell http xsp heapdump (triggers com.ibm.jvm.Dump.HeapDump()) • tell http xsp javadump (triggers com.ibm.jvm.Dump.JavaDump())

• Analyze the heap dump using the Eclipse memory analyzer

– http://www.eclipse.org/mat/ – http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/jdk/tools/dtfj.html

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Heapdump / Javadump Analyzer

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More Tools

• Print statements – In rendered/visible computations to see how often executed

• print("panel2 evaluating rendered property");

– In the XPages root control events: • before/afterPageLoad, afterRestoreView,

before/afterRenderResponse

– Custom control root events: • before/afterPageLoad

– In the document data source events: • queryNewDocument, postSaveDocument, etc.

• Task Manager and/or Process Explorer – Shows CPU usage & process memory usage as it happens

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More Tools

• Browser developer tools – for watching network transactions, partial updates,

response times – BROWSER: Firebug, Developer Tools – XPiNC: FirebugLite from ExtLib

• Java / Javascript Debugging – Degrades performance but can inspect objects

• Use the Eclipse Java debugger – In Domino\notes.ini add these 2 options:

• JavaEnableDebug=1 • JavaDebugOptions=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,add

ress=8000

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Optimization – Step By Step

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Step 1: Original Code From Sample

• Read all Contacts into a NotesDocumentCollection, loop the collection and build the JSON by reading the values from items in the document

59

Step 1: Result

60

Step 2: Store UNID in an item

• Get all Contacts into a NotesDocumentCollection, loop the collection and build the JSON by reading the values from items in the document. Also UNID is stored in document

61

Step 2: Result

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Step 3: Build JSON on document save

• Get all Contacts into a NotesDocumentCollection, loop the collection and get the JSON from an item on the document. JSON is calculated on document save

63

Step 3: Result

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Step 4: Read JSON from view with ViewNavigator

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Step 4: Result

66

StringBuilder vs String.concat

• Concatenation of Strings is very easy in Java - all you need is a +

• Each time you append something via + (String.concat()) a new String is created, the old stuff is copied, the new stuff is appended, and the old String is thrown away. The bigger the String gets the longer it takes - there is more to copy and more garbage is produced.

• Accordingly to Arno Unkrig the optimal strategy is to use String.concat() for 2 or 3 operands, and StringBuilder for 4 or more operands

67

StringBuilder vs String.concat

• Use StringBuilder whenever you assemble a String in a loop

– Keep in mind that + isn't always a good idea

68

Step 5: Use a StringBuilder to concat the JSON

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Step 5: Result

70

Step 6: Use Java instead of SSJS

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Xpage SSJS Code

Java Code

Step 6: Result

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• IBM article on JSF (non XPages) • Paul Withers blog (each link below is different)

– Part 1, Part 2, Part 3

• Tony McGuckin’s Video - XPages Master class – 4 videos plus sample applications

73

Homework Time – Further References

Questions????

74

Use the Q&A pane in WebEx to ask questions We will answer your questions verbally

Question and Answer Time!

75

Teamstudio Questions? contactus@teamstudio.com 877-228-6178

TLCC Questions?

howardg@tlcc.com paul@tlcc.com 888-241-8522 or 561-953-0095

Howard Greenberg Taline Badrikian

Upcoming Events:

TLCC Fall Sale – ends 10/31

IBM Connect 2014 Registration is now open

#XPages

@Eknori

@TLCCLtd

@Teamstudio

@PaulDN

@BCCFFM

Paul Della-Nebbia Ulrich Krause