Date post: | 22-Feb-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | carrington |
View: | 48 times |
Download: | 0 times |
THE BEGINNINGS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION
The Industrial Revolution starts in England and soon spreads to other
countries.
The Agricultural Revolution Wealthy farmers in Great Britain began
to buy up smaller farm land Farmers begin to experiment with new
ways to produce more crops
Agricultural Revolution Paves the Way for Industrial Revolution
Enclosures › Enclose farm land› Allows farmers to experiment with new
agricultural methods Rotating Crops
› Switching crops each year to avoid depleting the soil
Breeding – only breed the best animals
Enclosure
Revolution in Great Britain 1700s = change in technology energy source changed from human &
animal power to machinery Industrial Revolution occurred when use
of power-driven machinery was developed This started in Great Britain
Why did Industrial Revolution Begin in Great Britain?
Britain had the natural resources needed
Expanding economy allows Great Britain to invest in new ideas
Has all factors of production › Land, labor, capital
Other Factors for Successin Great Britain
exploration and colonialism power of the sea political stability government support growth of private investment
Factors of Production: Land Great Britain had great natural
resources› coal for fuel› iron for steel & machinery› waterways (rivers & canals) to generate
power and transport raw materials and goods
Factors of Production: Labor Great Britain’s population grew
because of greater food supply enclosure movement took land away
from small farmers› resulted in surplus of available workers
Factors of Production: Capital
capital is the money or property a business needs to stay in business
capital can be money, machines, or people› people who specialized in one area had
abilities and skills to their advantages
A Revolution in Textiles a cottage industry is an occupation in
which you make a craft and it is done in your home
making cloth had been a cottage industry
cloth was made mostly with wool
A New Way of Making Cloth cloth was now made from wool and
cotton› more sheep could be raised due to the
enclosure movement› cotton came to Great Britain from the
colonies new inventions helped the process of
cloth making
Cotton Gin
invented by Eli Whitney removed seeds from raw cotton
Spinning Jenny invented by James Hargreaves spun multiple threads at one time
› threads were still thick and broke easily
Spinning Frame invented by Richard Arkwright similar to the spinning jenny
› spun stronger, thinner threads
“Flying Shuttle” invented by John Kay pushed thread back and forth on loom
automatically› had been done by the weaver pushing the
shuttle back and forth› allowed for looms to be wider than arm’s
width
Power Loom invented by Edmund Cartwright in
1785 automated the weaving process
Cloth Making Outside the Home
new inventions to speed up the cloth making process were big machines
machines needed a special place to house them
cloth now made in FACTORIES
Where to Build a Factory? Machines first powered by water Factories were located near water
source to harness that power
Steam Powers the Revolution
steam is created when water is heated to the point of vaporizing
water vapors expand when hot steam engines were invented in 1712
by Thomas Newcomen
Newcomen Steam Engine
Development of the Steam Engine James Watt innovated Newcomen’s
steam engine to be more efficient› Watt’s engine was better suited for
factories 1802 Richard Trevithick put a steam
engine in first locomotive 1807 Robert Fulton developed the
first steamship
Coal for British Steam Engines coal mining industry in northern and
western England grew by 1800, Great Britain produced 80%
of Europe’s coal mining was dangerous
› explosions› coal dust› collapsing shafts› hard labor
Steel Industry Helps Bessemer Process developed
› Helps mass produce steel Steel industry spurs on other industries
WASN’T THIS
FUN!!!!!!