The behaviour of the algerian vegetable crops farmershandling a panoply of phytosanitary products.
Nafissa SOUDANI*1 and Mohammed Belhamra1
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PHOTOof the
Speaker Laboratory of diversity of ecosystems and dynamic systems of agricultural production in arid zones(DEDSPAZA)
University Mohamed Khider of Biskra (Algeria) BP 145 RP, 07000 Biskra, Algeria
Relevence of the ThesisA rapid and sustainable growth of the population is noticed in many parts of the developing world -particularly in Africa, the Middle East and parts of Latin America. The world now is directly affected by thefood crisis.Nearly one billion people are already malnourished and 400 million people are chronically undernourished.Facing this situation, the countries are trying to solve this problem and to ensure a certain food security forthe population. Therefore, agricultural sector is the solution to produce quantity and quantity of crops.However, In the chain of production it is important to understand how farmers’ farming practices andmanagement can affect crops production, health and environment. So, innovation and solutions needsinformation and study in situ, monitoring and questionnaire, to understand the changes and to gives someexplanations. Highlight the situation that our agricultural areas are undergoing, which help to find and fill thegapes.In Algeria, Biskra farmers are heavily depending on pesticides to protect their crops and get high yield. But,they are using this products without respect of regulations and control. So, it’s crucial to evaluate thehabitual attitudes and practices of farmers before and after usage of pesticides. Therefore this study aimedto check and evaluate the situation of vegetable crops farmers in two communes of Biskra region Ain Naga(East Ziban) and Doucen (West Ziban) concerning theirs behaviours, knowledge towards pesticides employedand the safe use of it in greenhouse system, as form of intensive cultivation. A : Doucen farmer ; B: Ain Naga farmer)
C: Interview with farmers’ about theirattitudes towards the use of personalprotective equipment.
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C
B
A
3
Main Results
Therefore, this study shows a lack of knowledge and the critical situation of
vegetable crops farmers using pesticides intensively, in two communes of Biskra
region Ain Naga (East Ziban) and Doucen (West Ziban) in greenhouse system.
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75 different types of active ingredients are used on regular basis. This ingredients assessedare declared by farmers’ and sellers’ surveyed during 2016 and 2017. High demand ofinsecticides followed by the fungicides are remarked in the study areas.
COMMUNE Chemical
group the
most
represented
WHO
toxicity
Class of
the most
represent
ed
Number
case
of exposure
Fomulations
incriminated
Active
ingredient
incriminated
Health issues
AIN NAGA Necotenoid,
Avermectin
Phosphonog-
lycid II ; Ib ; III ;
NL
15 + 01 (by
product
unknown)
BRIK 10
KARATEKA
ROPHOSATE
480
SPRAFER ;
VERTİMEC
ZORO
ABAMECTINE; CHLORANTRANILIPROLE; 2-NAPHTHYLOXYACETIC ACID;THIOCYCLAM
HYDROGEN
OXALATE
Respiratory tract
irritant ; Skin
irritant ;
Headache;
Skin sensitiser ;
Eye irritant
DOUCEN Avermectin,
Necotenoid
pyrethroid,
II ; Ib ; III ;
Ia
11 + 10 (by
products
unknown
and/or
mixture )
VERTİMEC
CORAGEN 20
SPRAFER
EVISECT
TAU –
FLUVALINATE;
LAMBDACYH-
ALOTHRINE;
2-NAPHTHYLOXYACETIC ACID; GLYPHOSATE;
ABAMECTINE
Respiratory tract
irritant ; Skin
irritant ;
Headache ;Skin
sensitiser ; Eye
irritant
Variables Communes
Farmer characteristics AIN NAGA n= 47 DOUCEN n= 49
Age 40-59 25-48
Educational level primary secondary
Without agricultural training 78.7 77.6
Cannot read the labels on pesticide containers 53,2 71,4
Farmer attitudes (%) (%)
Respecting the recommended doses of use 87,2 87,8
Respecting pre-harvest Interval (PHI) 40,4 44,9
wearing partial protective covering (Gloves and /or
Mask)
36,2 44,9
Throw on the ground the remains pesticides 48,9 51
Throw the empty packaging of the pesticides used 53,2 71,4
Washing hands and face after finishing treatment 51,9 65,3Facing health issues during handling pesticides 59,6 65,3
Believing that these pesticides are dangerous 78,7 67,3
Reporting that pesticides are necessary to produce 70,2 63,3
Mentioning there are not sessions of sensitization on
pesticides and risks
93,6 100
4
Impact and Prospectum Farmers behaviour regarding the use of pesticides in greenhouse system in Doucen and Ain Naga of Biskra region were assessed. Scanty
difference has been noticed in Ain Naga and Doucen. Most of Ain Naga and Doucen Farmers have average level of education and
without training. They can not read the labels on pesticides containers and they are not respecting instructions given to sellers of
pesticides. Farmers’ are unaware about the dangerousness of pesticides, it present an acute danger for humans and environment.
Although, they had negative attitudes and very low level towards safe use of pesticides and hygiene after handling pesticides belonged
to the WHO toxicity class (I) and (II) . Thus, blames are usually laid on pesticides without considering the way the pesticides are
applied and much of the problem came from the toxicity of the pesticides used by many farmers, with lack of knowledge and failing to
adequately protect themselves during pesticide applications. Strategies and attitudes followed by Ain Naga and Doucen farmers’
towards pesticide reveal very weak and unsafe. For the sustainability of the agriculture production and the development of this sector,
farmers’ needs sensitization, proper guidance, awareness and field follow-up by state agencies concerned by the agricultural sector
(technical institutes and experts …etc) to guarantee a safe use of the hazardious products and to avoide risks.
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Thank YouUniversity Mohamed Khider of Biskra(Algeria) BP 145 RP, 07000 Biskra, [email protected]
+213 676 301 668
Nafissa Soudanihttps://www.linkedin.com/in/nafissa-soud-890a0645/
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Soudani_Nafissa?ev=hdr_xprf
Acknowledgments:The authors wish to express their gratitude to the sellers of phytosanitary products ,to Ain Naga and Doucen farmers of communes of study and sellers who participatedin the survey. Also, we thank Dr. Nageshwar Patel from Departement of DAFNAE,Agripolis, University of Padova, Italy, for his fruitful help and comments.
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