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The Boer War

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The Boer War. 10/1899-5/1902. BACKGROUND: Culmination of a century of conflict between Dutch settlers and British settlers/crown/empire  Dutch forced north by Brits 1834 (Great Trek)  First Boer War 1880-81 (Boer victory!) More gold & diamond mines found in region - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Boer War 10/1899-5/1902
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Page 1: The Boer War

The Boer War

10/1899-5/1902

Page 2: The Boer War

BACKGROUND:Culmination of a century of conflict between Dutch settlers

and British settlers/crown/empire Dutch forced north by Brits 1834 (Great Trek) First Boer War 1880-81 (Boer victory!)

More gold & diamond mines found in region Increasing # of Brits in Transvaal & Orange Free State

Brits wanted more control of region; Afrikaners resented

(Pssst! Boer= Dutch word for farmer; Afrikaner = Boer)

Page 3: The Boer War

Paul Kruger, President of Transvaal Affectionetly known as “Uncle Paul” (oom Paul, in Afrikinee)

Page 4: The Boer War

If you want a fight, you will have it. This time to the FINISH

Explain this cartoon. It works on MANY levels.

A double ultimatum:

Brits demand full voting rights (the outnumbered the Boers at this point);

Boers countered with a demand that all British military leave immediately.

The British didn’t, and Boers declared war!

Page 5: The Boer War

A small Paul Kruger, President of the South African Republic, as David about to be bludgeoned by a British general as Goliath. Gold mines in the background. French postcard

500,000 GB & colonial troops vs. 85,000 Boer soldiers

Explain this French postcard.

Page 6: The Boer War

What’s happening in the German cartoon? What does it tell you about the view of the Boer War?

Page 7: The Boer War

Phase 1: Boer Offensive

This is a German political cartoon from the earliest stage of the Boer war. What does it show? Why would the Germans take such pleasure in this scene?

Page 8: The Boer War

Boer soldiers Boer General Peter De Wet

Page 9: The Boer War

Phase 2: British Offensive

Page 10: The Boer War

President Kruger is received in Paris by the French President.

What message does this sort of diplomatic move send?

Page 11: The Boer War

• Use of irregular tactics

• Drains British manpower, money, and patience• Brits use “unseemly” methods

• British population loosing enthusiasm for war

Phase 3: Guerrilla Warfare

Page 12: The Boer War

What does this cartoon tell you about British attitudes towards the war? What are the competing ideologies?

Page 13: The Boer War

One British response to the guerrilla war was a 'scorched earth' policy. Here, Boer civilians watch their house as it is burned

Page 14: The Boer War

Concentration Camps:

Exposed & brought to global attention by British journalist Emily Hobhouse

Page 15: The Boer War

What does this French depiction of a concentration camp tell you?

Page 16: The Boer War

After the war, the British formally annexed the two Boer Republics; this is a German cartoon depicting that event. What was the German attitude and why?

Page 17: The Boer War

Results: Transvaal & Orange Free State formally annexed with promise of

independence Granted in 1906, creation of South African Republic

Demonstrated the excess of imperialism; first major war of Christian v. Christian since the Crimean War- attitudes about war & empire had changed

GB isolated internationally- need friends!

Germans see as weakness- Brits couldn’t control own colony, couldn’t win an easy victory with overwhelming numbers

Significant military lessons ***see below***

Parliament noticed how unhealthy its population was 80% of men deemed unfit for duty! ***see below***

Liberals ousted in 1906, Conservatives take control

New journalism ***see below***

Page 18: The Boer War

Results:

Significant military lessons *tech and modern combat played a significant role in the war* smokeless powder- unseen death from a distance* rifles with new magazines * no longer used volley & line formation* KEY- importance of defense with new weapons* stopped wearing bright colors- khaki

Parliament noticed how unhealthy its population was 80% of men deemed unfit for duty!

* Increased call for health reform; gov’t responded w/ new laws

New journalism *Formed public opinion as well as reporting news* Critical backlash against glorifying war & Empire


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