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RIBS &intercost.
mPECTORALIS
MAJOR
FAT
LOBE
AMPULLA
20 MAJOR LACT.ORIFICES
LACTOCYTE
MAJOR LACT.DUCT IS THE SITE OF DUCTAL CA.
INTERNAL MAMMARY L.N.
SENTINEL L.N
PECTORAL
LAT.THOR.V
RPOSTERIO
LATERAL
APICAL
85% OF THE BREAST DRAIN
INTO THE AXILLA
CENTRAL
LONG THORACIC N
SUPERIOR THORACIC V.
SUBSCAP.V
MASTITIS;MASTITIS;PLUGGED DUCT OR CRACKED PLUGGED DUCT OR CRACKED
NIPPLE,[NIPPLE,[STAPHYLLOCOCCISTAPHYLLOCOCCI]]
ABSCESS
TYPES OF MASTITISTYPES OF MASTITIS
MASTITIS NEONATORUMMASTITIS NEONATORUM MASTITIS OF PUBERTYMASTITIS OF PUBERTY LACTATING MASTITISLACTATING MASTITIS SPECIFIC MASTITIS;SPECIFIC MASTITIS; 1-T.B MASTITIS1-T.B MASTITIS 2-SYPHILITIC MASTITIS2-SYPHILITIC MASTITIS 3-ACTINMYCOSIS3-ACTINMYCOSIS
BENIGN BREAST DISEASEBENIGN BREAST DISEASE
FIBROADENOMAFIBROADENOMA FIBROCYSTIC DISFIBROCYSTIC DIS DUCTECTASIADUCTECTASIA BENIGN CYSTSBENIGN CYSTS LIPOMA:VERY RARELIPOMA:VERY RARE
]DANGEROUS TO DIAGNOSE LIPOMA[]DANGEROUS TO DIAGNOSE LIPOMA[
CYSTOSARCOMA CYSTOSARCOMA PHYLLOIDESPHYLLOIDES
THOUGHT TO BE MALIGNANTTHOUGHT TO BE MALIGNANT
]NOTICE THE NAME[]NOTICE THE NAME[ BUT IT IS NOT. BUT IT IS NOT.
MAY REACHMAY REACH HUGE HUGE SIZE & SIZE &ULCERATEULCERATE
HOWEVER THERE ARE WORRYINGHOWEVER THERE ARE WORRYING
MITOTICMITOTIC FIGURES SOMETIMES FIGURES SOMETIMES
DENOTING MALIGNANT POTENTIALDENOTING MALIGNANT POTENTIAL
WHEN A BENIGN BREASTWHEN A BENIGN BREASTDISEASE BECOMES WORRYINGDISEASE BECOMES WORRYING??
WHEN A PATHOLOGY SPECIMENWHEN A PATHOLOGY SPECIMEN
SHOWS SHOWS ATYPICAL HYPERPLASIAATYPICAL HYPERPLASIA FLORID HYREPLASIA CARRIES AMILD FLORID HYREPLASIA CARRIES AMILD
RISKRISK
NB;METAPLASIANB;METAPLASIA
AND MILD HYPERPLASIA CARRYAND MILD HYPERPLASIA CARRY
NO RISKNO RISK
CYSTSCYSTS
ANDIANDI LYMPHATIC CYSTSLYMPHATIC CYSTS HYDATID CYSTHYDATID CYST GALACTOCELEGALACTOCELE SEROCYSTIC DISEASE OF BRODIESEROCYSTIC DISEASE OF BRODIE INTRACYSTIC PAPILLIFEROUS CAINTRACYSTIC PAPILLIFEROUS CA COLLOID DEGENERATION OF CA.COLLOID DEGENERATION OF CA. PAPILLARY CYSTADENOMAPAPILLARY CYSTADENOMA
CYSTSCYSTS
BENIGNBENIGN MALIGNANTMALIGNANT MANAGEMENT OF A CYSTMANAGEMENT OF A CYSTASPIRATE & OPERATE OR CORE BIOPSY IF;ASPIRATE & OPERATE OR CORE BIOPSY IF;1-BLOODY ASPIRATE1-BLOODY ASPIRATE2-DID NOT DISAPPEAR COMPLETELY AFTER 2-DID NOT DISAPPEAR COMPLETELY AFTER
ASPIRATIONASPIRATION3-RECURES IN 6 WEEKS3-RECURES IN 6 WEEKS
NIPPLE DISCHARGENIPPLE DISCHARGE
I=NONBLOODY;I=NONBLOODY;
1-FIBROCYSTIC DISEASE1-FIBROCYSTIC DISEASE
2-DUCTECTASIA2-DUCTECTASIA II=II=BLOODY;BLOODY;
1-DUCTECTASIA; 1-DUCTECTASIA; COMMONCOMMON
2-DUCT PAPILLOMA; 2-DUCT PAPILLOMA; MOST COMMONMOST COMMON
3-DUCT CARCINOMA;3-DUCT CARCINOMA;VERYVERY RARERARE
MICRODOCHECTOMYMICRODOCHECTOMY FOR BLEEDING NIPPLE FOR BLEEDING NIPPLE
BLEEDING SEGMENT IS REMOVED AND SUBMITTED TO
HISTOPATHOLOGY
PROBE
DETERMINE FIRST WHICH ORIFICE OR SEGMENT IS BLEEDING
BY PRESSING AROUND THE AREOLA
BREAST CANCERBREAST CANCER
1.1. DUCTAL CARCINOMA ]90%[DUCTAL CARCINOMA ]90%[
2.2. LOBULAR CARCINOMA]<10%[LOBULAR CARCINOMA]<10%[
3.3. PAGET`S DISEASEPAGET`S DISEASE
4.4. INTRACYSTIC PAPILLIFEROUS CAINTRACYSTIC PAPILLIFEROUS CA
5.5. SARCOMASARCOMA
What Are the Risk What Are the Risk FactorsFactors for Breast Cancer for Breast Cancer?? 1-1-Age; INCREASING AGEAge; INCREASING AGE
2-2-Race;WHITE++.RARE IN JAPAN,Race;WHITE++.RARE IN JAPAN, 3-3-Individual or family history of breast cancerIndividual or family history of breast cancer 4-4-A history of ovarian cancerA history of ovarian cancer 5-5-A genetic predisposition (mutations to the A genetic predisposition (mutations to the BRCA1BRCA1 or or
BRCA2BRCA2 genes cause 2% to 3% of all breast cancers) genes cause 2% to 3% of all breast cancers) 6-6-Estrogen exposure;MENARHE,MENOPAUSEEstrogen exposure;MENARHE,MENOPAUSE 7-7-Atypical hyperplasia of the breastAtypical hyperplasia of the breast 8-8-Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) 9-9-Lifestyle factors (obesity, lack of exercise, alcohol use)Lifestyle factors (obesity, lack of exercise, alcohol use) 10-10-RadiationRadiation
1-1-Age; INCREASING AGEAge; INCREASING AGE 25:25:1/20,0001/20,000.. 45:45:1/1001/100.. 50:50:1/501/50.. 55:55:1/331/33.. 60:60:1/241/24. . 80:80:1/101/10.. 2-2-Race;WHITE++.RARE IN JAPAN,Race;WHITE++.RARE IN JAPAN,3-3-Individual or family history of breast cancerIndividual or family history of breast cancer4-4-A history of ovarian cancerA history of ovarian cancer5-5-A genetic predisposition (mutations to the A genetic predisposition (mutations to the BRCA1BRCA1 or or BRCA2BRCA2 genes cause 2% to 3% of all breast cancers) genes cause 2% to 3% of all breast cancers)6-6-Estrogen exposure;MENARHE,MENOPAUSEEstrogen exposure;MENARHE,MENOPAUSE7-7-Atypical hyperplasia of the breastAtypical hyperplasia of the breast8-8-Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)9-9-Lifestyle factors (obesity, lack of exercise, alcohol use ) Lifestyle factors (obesity, lack of exercise, alcohol use ) 10-10-RadiationRadiation
About 15%About 15%?[3-15]?[3-15]of breast cancers are of breast cancers are inheritedinheritedApproximately 80% of hereditary breast Approximately 80% of hereditary breast cancer is caused by mutations in the cancer is caused by mutations in the BRCA1BRCA1 or or BRCA2 BRCA2 genes.genes.P53P53 has a role too has a role tooWomen who inherit a BRCA mutation have a Women who inherit a BRCA mutation have a 50% to 85%50% to 85% chance of developing breast chance of developing breast cancer in their lifetimecancer in their lifetimeWomen with especially strong family history Women with especially strong family history may consider preventive surgery to remove may consider preventive surgery to remove breast tissue and/or chemopreventionbreast tissue and/or chemopreventionSeveral other genetic syndromes can Several other genetic syndromes can increase breast cancer riskincrease breast cancer risk
MODE OF SPREAD OFMODE OF SPREAD OF DUCTAL CARCINOMA DUCTAL CARCINOMA
LOCALLOCAL LYMPHATICLYMPHATIC BLOOD; BLOOD; BONE BONE SOFT TISSUESOFT TISSUE
1-1-LUMBER V. LUMBER V. 1-1-LIVERLIVER
2-2-FEMUR FEMUR 2-2-LUNGLUNG
3-3-THORAC V. THORAC V. 3-3-BRAINBRAIN
4-4-RIBS RIBS 4-4-KIDNEYKIDNEY
5-5-SKULL SKULL 5-5-ADRENALS ADRENALS
DIAGNOSISDIAGNOSIS
TRIPLE ASSESSMENTTRIPLE ASSESSMENT 1-CLINICAL: A-AGE . 1-CLINICAL: A-AGE .
B-EXAMINATIONB-EXAMINATION 2-IMAGING : A-US . 2-IMAGING : A-US .
B-MAMMOGRAMB-MAMMOGRAM 3-PATHOLOGY: A-FNA. 3-PATHOLOGY: A-FNA.
B-CORECUTB-CORECUT
FNA & CORECUTFNA & CORECUT
FNA FNA ]CYTOLOGY ]CYTOLOGY EXAMINATION[EXAMINATION[ HAS 5% FALSE HAS 5% FALSE –VE MOSTLY DUE TO –VE MOSTLY DUE TO
SAMPLING ERRORSAMPLING ERROR CORECUT ]TRUCUT[ IS A CORECUT ]TRUCUT[ IS A
TISSUE HISTOPATHOLOGYTISSUE HISTOPATHOLOGY THAT IS MORE ACCURATE THAT IS MORE ACCURATE AND TELLS YOU ABOUTAND TELLS YOU ABOUT
THE GRADE & INVASIVENESS; THE GRADE & INVASIVENESS; IN-SITU OR INVASIVE IN-SITU OR INVASIVE
MAMMOGRAMMAMMOGRAM
MALIGNANTMALIGNANT 1-CALCIFICATION;1-CALCIFICATION; CLUSTER]5-6[ OF BRANCHED FINE CLUSTER]5-6[ OF BRANCHED FINE
MICROCALCIFICATIONMICROCALCIFICATION 2-ARCHITECTURAL CHANGES;2-ARCHITECTURAL CHANGES; SPIKY DENSE IRREGULAR MASSSPIKY DENSE IRREGULAR MASS
BENIGNBENIGNWELL DEFINED ROUNDED MASS WITHWELL DEFINED ROUNDED MASS WITHHALO SIGN; CYST,FIBROADENOMAHALO SIGN; CYST,FIBROADENOMA
MAMMOGRAMMAMMOGRAM
CONVENTIONAL & DIGITALCONVENTIONAL & DIGITAL IT IS NON USED FOR YOUNGER IT IS NON USED FOR YOUNGER
WOMEN BECAUSE THEIR DENSE WOMEN BECAUSE THEIR DENSE BREAST TISSUE GIVES FALSE BREAST TISSUE GIVES FALSE POSITIVE RESULTSPOSITIVE RESULTS
BUT IT IS GOOD FOR THE SOFT BUT IT IS GOOD FOR THE SOFT BREASTS BECAUSE THE GLANDULAR BREASTS BECAUSE THE GLANDULAR TISSUE IS SEPERATED BY FAT TISSUE IS SEPERATED BY FAT PLANESPLANES
MRIMRI
IS THE MOST SENSITIVEIS THE MOST SENSITIVE
1- CAN PICK UP CARCINOMA IN-SITU1- CAN PICK UP CARCINOMA IN-SITU
2- DIFFERENTIATES BETWEEN LOCAL 2- DIFFERENTIATES BETWEEN LOCAL RECURRENCE AND FIBROSISRECURRENCE AND FIBROSIS
MRIMRI NO RADIATION BUT MAGNETIC FIELDNO RADIATION BUT MAGNETIC FIELD 1-CAN VISUALIZE A PALPAPABLE MASS WHICH IS NOT SEEn 1-CAN VISUALIZE A PALPAPABLE MASS WHICH IS NOT SEEn
ON U/S OR MAMMOGRAMON U/S OR MAMMOGRAM 2-CAN BE USEFUL IN YOUNG WOMEN2-CAN BE USEFUL IN YOUNG WOMEN 3-CAN LOCATE BREAST CANCER WITH AXILLARY L.N. METS 3-CAN LOCATE BREAST CANCER WITH AXILLARY L.N. METS
BUT BREAST FREE ON US OR MAMMOGRAMBUT BREAST FREE ON US OR MAMMOGRAM 4-CAN DETECT MULTICENTRIC LESION4-CAN DETECT MULTICENTRIC LESION 5-CAN DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN RECURRENCE AND 5-CAN DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN RECURRENCE AND
FIBROUS TISSUEFIBROUS TISSUE 6-CAN DETECT SILICON LEAK6-CAN DETECT SILICON LEAK DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES 1-CANNOT DETECT CALCIFICATIONS1-CANNOT DETECT CALCIFICATIONS UBOS:UNIDETIFIED BRIGHT OBJECTSUBOS:UNIDETIFIED BRIGHT OBJECTS DISLODGE CERTAIN METALS;RACEMAKERDISLODGE CERTAIN METALS;RACEMAKER EXPENSIVEEXPENSIVE
POSITRON EMISSIONPOSITRON EMISSION MAMMOGRAM SHOWS MAMMOGRAM SHOWS [MULTIFOCAL LESION] [MULTIFOCAL LESION]
DIFF.DIAGNOSIS OFDIFF.DIAGNOSIS OF MASTITISMASTITIS & MASTITIS CARCINOMATOSA & MASTITIS CARCINOMATOSA
MASTITIS CARCINOMATOSAMASTITIS CARCINOMATOSA ]INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA[]INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA[ IS THE MOST MALIGNANT OF ALL BR. CA.IS THE MOST MALIGNANT OF ALL BR. CA. MASTECTOMY IS RARELY INDICATED BECAUSE IT IS LATEMASTECTOMY IS RARELY INDICATED BECAUSE IT IS LATE NO CONSTITUTIONAL SYMPTOMSNO CONSTITUTIONAL SYMPTOMS NO FEVER NO FEVER NO LEUCOCYTOSISNO LEUCOCYTOSIS SKIN OEDEMA > 1/3 OF THE BREAST SKIN OEDEMA > 1/3 OF THE BREAST IN BOTH THE BREAST IS WARM,TENDERIN BOTH THE BREAST IS WARM,TENDER BOTH OCCUR IN CHILD BEARING PERIODBOTH OCCUR IN CHILD BEARING PERIOD DIFFICULT TO DISTINGUISH SOMETIMES EXCEPT BY CORECUT DIFFICULT TO DISTINGUISH SOMETIMES EXCEPT BY CORECUT
BIOPSY.BIOPSY. US & MAMMOGRAM ARE US & MAMMOGRAM ARE USELESSUSELESS BECAUSE THERE IS NO MASS BECAUSE THERE IS NO MASS
DIFF.DIAGNOSIS OF DIFF.DIAGNOSIS OF PAGET`S DISEASE &ECZEMA OF THE NIPPLEPAGET`S DISEASE &ECZEMA OF THE NIPPLE
PAGET`S DISEASEPAGET`S DISEASE THERE IS AN UNDERLYING BREAST CANCERTHERE IS AN UNDERLYING BREAST CANCER UNILATERALUNILATERAL NIPPLE DESTRUCTIONNIPPLE DESTRUCTION BOUNDRIES OF THE LESION IS WELL BOUNDRIES OF THE LESION IS WELL
DEMARKATEDDEMARKATED DOES NOT RESPOND TO STEROID LOCAL DOES NOT RESPOND TO STEROID LOCAL
THERAPYTHERAPY
LOBULAR CARCINOMALOBULAR CARCINOMA•ARISE FROM THE
TERMINAL DUCTS
•COULD BE MULTIFOCAL.IT IS BILATERAL
IN 20% OF CASES
•IN UNILATERAL CASES ALWAYS WATCH THE OTHER BREAST
•LCIS DOES NOT NEED
FURTHER ACTION
EXCEPT CAREFUL F.U
Carcinoma in pregnancyCarcinoma in pregnancy
THEY ARE DIAGNOSED LATETHEY ARE DIAGNOSED LATE THEY BEHAVE THE SAME AS NON-PREGN.THEY BEHAVE THE SAME AS NON-PREGN. THEY ARE TREATED THE SAMETHEY ARE TREATED THE SAME NONO BREAST CONSERVING SURGERY BREAST CONSERVING SURGERY NONO RADIOTHERAPY;TERATOGENIC RADIOTHERAPY;TERATOGENIC NONO CHEMOTHERAPY IN THE FIRST CHEMOTHERAPY IN THE FIRST
TRIMESTERTRIMESTER NO NO HORMONAL THERAPY;BECAUSEHORMONAL THERAPY;BECAUSE THEY ARE HORMONE RECEPT.-VETHEY ARE HORMONE RECEPT.-VE
STAGES OF CA. BREASTSTAGES OF CA. BREAST
MASS<2CM .
NO L.N .
MASS2-5CM.MOB.L.N MASS5-10CM.FIX.L.N
OR MASS FIXED
TO CHEST WALL
SUPRACLAV.L.N.OR
DISTANT METS
CIS
STAGE 0
CARCINOMA
IN SITU CONFINED
TO BASEMENT
MEMBRANE.
NON INVASIVE.
CLINICALLY;
IMPALPABLE
II II III
IV
Solid Cribiform Papillary
Comedo Vascular and Lymphatic Invasion
Non-Invasive (In Situ) Cell Growth Subtypes:
COMEDO:ACNE
INVESTIGATIONS FORINVESTIGATIONS FOR DISTANT METASTASIS DISTANT METASTASIS
BLOODBLOOD
S.ALK.PHOSPHATASES.ALK.PHOSPHATASE
GGT]Gamma Glutamin Transferase[GGT]Gamma Glutamin Transferase[ RADIOLOGYRADIOLOGY
CXRCXR
US;LiverUS;Liver NUCLEARNUCLEAR
ISOTOPE BONE SCANISOTOPE BONE SCAN
WHAT DOES STAGING MEANWHAT DOES STAGING MEAN
STAGE I & II :EARLY BREAST CANCERSTAGE I & II :EARLY BREAST CANCER
]POTENTIALLY CURABLE DISEASE[]POTENTIALLY CURABLE DISEASE[ STAGE III & IV : ADVANCED CANCERSTAGE III & IV : ADVANCED CANCER
]INCURABLE DISEASE[]INCURABLE DISEASE[
WHAT IS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT WHAT IS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT PROGNOSTIC FACTORPROGNOSTIC FACTOR ? ?
AXILLARY LYMPH NODES INVOLVEMENT & AXILLARY LYMPH NODES INVOLVEMENT & NUMBER;IS THE MOSTNUMBER;IS THE MOST
NO L.N; 85% 5-YEAR SURVIVALNO L.N; 85% 5-YEAR SURVIVAL 3 L.N. ; 50%3 L.N. ; 50% >3L.N. : 25-40%>3L.N. : 25-40% OTHER FACTORSOTHER FACTORS 1-GRADE1-GRADE,2- -VE HORMONE RECEPTORS,,2- -VE HORMONE RECEPTORS,33--SIZESIZE,,
4-4-VASCULAR&LYMPH.INVASIONVASCULAR&LYMPH.INVASION, , 5-HER5-HER22, , 6-6-EPIDERMALEPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTORGROWTH FACTOR
MANAGEMENT OF EARLYMANAGEMENT OF EARLYBREAST CANCERBREAST CANCER
BREAST CONSERVING SURGERY: BREAST CONSERVING SURGERY:
WIDE LOCAL EXCISION WIDE LOCAL EXCISION ++ AXILLARY AXILLARY
CLEARANCECLEARANCE++ LOCAL BREAST LOCAL BREAST RADIOTHERAPYRADIOTHERAPY
PROVIDED MASSPROVIDED MASS
BREAST RELATIONBREAST RELATION
IS ACCEPTABLEIS ACCEPTABLE
INDICATIONS OF MODIFIEDINDICATIONS OF MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY RADICAL MASTECTOMY
1. BIG SIZE TUMOUR IN REALATION 1. BIG SIZE TUMOUR IN REALATION TO THE BREASTTO THE BREAST
2.CENTRAL TUMOUR;2.CENTRAL TUMOUR;UNDERUNDER THE NIPPLETHE NIPPLE
3.MULTIFOCAL TUMOUR3.MULTIFOCAL TUMOUR
4. RECURRENCE AFTER LUMPECTOMY4. RECURRENCE AFTER LUMPECTOMY
5. PATIENT`S PREFERENCE5. PATIENT`S PREFERENCE
Sentinel node biopsy is a technique Sentinel node biopsy is a technique which helps determine if a cancer has which helps determine if a cancer has spread (metastisized), or is contained spread (metastisized), or is contained
locally. When a cancer has been locally. When a cancer has been detected, often the next step is to find detected, often the next step is to find
the lymph node closest to the tumor site the lymph node closest to the tumor site and retrieve it for analysis. The concept and retrieve it for analysis. The concept of the "sentinel" node, or the first node of the "sentinel" node, or the first node
to drain the area of the cancer, allows a to drain the area of the cancer, allows a more accurate staging of the cancer, more accurate staging of the cancer,
and leaves unaffected nodes behind to and leaves unaffected nodes behind to continue the important job of draining continue the important job of draining
fluids. The procedure involves the fluids. The procedure involves the injection of a dye (sometimes mildly injection of a dye (sometimes mildly
radioactive) to pinpoint the lymph node radioactive) to pinpoint the lymph node which is closest to the cancer site. which is closest to the cancer site.
Sentinel node biopsy is used to stage Sentinel node biopsy is used to stage many kinds of cancer, including lung many kinds of cancer, including lung
and skin (melanoma).and skin (melanoma).
Sentinel node biopsy
WHAT IS MODIFIED WHAT IS MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMYRADICAL MASTECTOMY
A.VEIN
ApicalLateral
INTERPECTORAL
POSTERIOR
CENTRAL
LONG THORACIC N.
SHOULD BE PRESERVED
INTERCOSTO-BRACHIAL N.
CAN BE SACRIFIED
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE 2BETWEEN THE 2
NO DIFFERENCE IN 5-YEAR SURVIVALNO DIFFERENCE IN 5-YEAR SURVIVAL THERE IS A DIFFERENCE IN LOCAL THERE IS A DIFFERENCE IN LOCAL
RECURRENCERECURRENCE RECURRENCE AFTER LUMPECTOMYRECURRENCE AFTER LUMPECTOMY
IS MORE .TREATED BY MASTECTOMYIS MORE .TREATED BY MASTECTOMY
AND THEY DO BETTERAND THEY DO BETTER
THE OTHER MODALITIESTHE OTHER MODALITIES
CHEMOTHERAPYCHEMOTHERAPY;== ;== CMF CMF ==== 1-ADJUVANT & 1-ADJUVANT & 2-NEOADJUVANT2-NEOADJUVANT HORMONAL THERAPY;HORMONAL THERAPY; TAMOXIFENTAMOXIFEN: OESTROGEN BLOCKER : OESTROGEN BLOCKER
LHRHLHRH : OVARIAN ABLATION : OVARIAN ABLATION ANASTROZOLE:ANASTROZOLE: AROMATASE INHIBITOR INHIBIT AROMATASE INHIBITOR INHIBIT CONVERSION OF ANROGENS TO OESTROGENCONVERSION OF ANROGENS TO OESTROGEN IMMUNE THERAPY; IMMUNE THERAPY; HERCEPTIN ]monoclonal HERCEPTIN ]monoclonal
antibody[ ANTI-HER2antibody[ ANTI-HER2 RADIOTHERAPY; LOCAL ACTIONRADIOTHERAPY; LOCAL ACTION
BIOLOGICALLY TARGETED BIOLOGICALLY TARGETED THERAPYTHERAPY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY ATTACHED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY ATTACHED
TO PROTEIN MOLLECULE ON THE TO PROTEIN MOLLECULE ON THE SURFACE OF CANCER CELL TO SLOW SURFACE OF CANCER CELL TO SLOW ITS GROWTHITS GROWTH
ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITORANGIOGENESIS INHIBITOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION INHIBITORSIGNAL TRANSDUCTION INHIBITOR
Port-a-cathPort-a-cathfor systemic chemotherapyfor systemic chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
kills all dividing cells ]malignant or not malignant[.so bone marrow GIT and skin are affected .
HOW TO EXAMINE YOURHOW TO EXAMINE YOUR OWN BREASTSOWN BREASTS
TEACH PATIENT LOOK AT THE
MIRROR
NOTE ANY ABNORMALITY IN YOUR BREASTS OR AXILLAE AT EVERY SHOWER
MALE BREAST CANCERMALE BREAST CANCER
THE SAME LIKE FEMALE BREAST PATHOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
BUT THE PROGNOSIS IS WORSE