97
The Case for Open Educational Resources David Lippman Pierce College
| Date post: | 25-Jan-2015 |
| Category: |
Education |
| Upload: | david-lippman |
| View: | 82 times |
| Download: | 2 times |
The Case forOpen Educational Resources
David LippmanPierce College
“Open”
Open Educational Resources (OER)
Open Textbooks
Open Learning (MOOCs)
Open Pedagogy
Open Source Software
Free as in “free beer”
Free as in “free speech”
Collaboration
The Promise of Open
Food Machine
Learning Machine
From http://www.aei-ideas.org/2012/12/the-college-textbook-bubble-and-how-the-open-educational-resources-movement-is-going-up-against-the-textbook-cartel/
Textbook Costs
$1100 / year
Online access codes
Time-bombed eBooks
“this past spring quarter for math 60 I didn't have a book the entire quarter and I barely scraped by with a 2.0. I used the book and help of tutors in the tutoring center everyday and still did not fully understand the material as much as I wanted. If I continue this way I will surely fail math 98”
“I am afraid that if I can't/don't get this book before the college quarter starts that I will fall behind and possibly even fail the class”
The Direct Relationship Between Textbook Costs and Student Success
60%+ do not purchase textbooks at some point due to cost
35% take fewer courses due to textbook cost
31% choose not to register for a course due to textbook cost
23% regularly go without textbooks due to cost
14% have dropped a course due to textbook cost
10% have withdrawn from a course due to textbook cost
Source: 2012 student survey by Florida Virtual Campus
“70% of respondents had decided against buying at least one assigned textbook due to cost. While some of these students reported sharing or borrowing instead, 78% still believed they would generally do worse in class without their own copy of the required text.”
http://www.studentpirgs.org/news/ap/high-prices-prevent-college-students-buying-assigned-textbooks
Access Inequity
Mainstreamed Materials
Move towards the middle
Content creep
Open ≠ Digital
Open ≠ Free
OPEN
DIGITALFREE
Open is a legal framework for sharing
OER: The 5R PermissionsSharing and creativity are inherent in OER:
•Make and own copies
Retain•Use
the content in its unaltered form
Reuse
•Adapt, adjust, modify, improve, or alter the content
Revise
•Combine the original or revised content with other OER to create something new
Remix
•Share copies of the original content, revisions or remixes with others
Redistribute
Open LicensesCreative Commons
Examples of OER
Open textbooksWorkbooksHandouts
WorksheetsActivities
Videosetc.
The Case for Open
1. Cost Savings
Example: Green River
27 sections of Math 141 each year× 30 students per section× $200 (Amazon retail of Stewart Precalc – cost of printed OER text)
$162,000 saved in one year, in one course
The text had a positive effect on the classroom instructional atmosphere from the very beginning. Many students came to class on the first day with a positive attitude borne of having been to the bookstore and found that their textbook would cost $20 rather than over $100, and even spending that much was optional. Moreover, the vast majority of students had the textbook in one form or another from the outset and so didn’t face the prospect of falling behind because they couldn’t get it until a financial aid check came in.
MAA Review by Mike Kenyon, Green River Community College, 10/15/2012
This is a simple way thatwe as faculty can address
access inequity
2. Education is Sharing
Knowledge
Unprecedented Capacity
we can share as never before
Unprecedented Capacity
we can educate as never before
Except We Can’t
InternetEnables
CopyrightForbids
© Cancels the Possibilities
of digital media and the internet
use copyright to enforce sharing
InternetEnables
Sharing and educating at unprecedented scale
OERAllows
3. Control
At the Most Basic Level
No broken links
No surprise changes
No forced new editions
Open = freedom to
AddRemoveModify
SupplementIgnore the book
I hate this problem
Q: Bob has $10,000 invested in two accounts, one paying 4% interest and the other paying 6% interest. He earned $520 interest last year. How much does he have invested in each account?
A: Read your statements, Bob!
I don’t hate this problem
Q: Bob is retiring with $1 million. He can invest in a safe CD earning 1%, or a riskier bond account earning 4%. He wants to live on interest, and needs $30,000 a year to live on. What’s the minimum he needs to invest in the bond account?
Customize and Localize
Searching through dozens of books for the perfect table of contents
vs
Mixing contents from multiple texts to create a perfect match for your outcomes
I’m Sold!
Show me the goods!
Where We’ve Come From
Community of users
Creating for themselves
Sharing with everyone
Making it better for all
Expanding to Open Texts
MyOpenMath
ArithmeticPrealgebraBeg AlgebraInter AlgebraCollege AlgebraTrigApplied CalculusCalculusMath for Lib ArtsStatistics
Lots of Personal Projects
But is it any good?
There’s no reason to use a proxy for quality when we can measure
student success
High School Data
No significant difference
Scottsdale Data
No significant difference
Results – Math in Society
Commercial text + Blackboard (‘06-’08 data)70.2% pass rate, n = 131
IMathAS + Open Text v1 (‘08-’11 data)72.4% pass rate, n = 236
IMathAS + Open Text v2 (’12-’13 data)80.4% pass rate, n = 92
*No statistically significant difference
Success Data - CalculusStewart/Hoffman Comparison
Bellevue College used Stewart (2006-07) and Hoffman (2007-08)
Stewart N=622
Success = “ABC” = 74.4% Success range: 42 – 90%
Hoffman N=710
Success = “ABC” = 74.8% Success range: 40 – 95%
Student Success Data - Precalc
4850 students at Pierce, Green River, and Shoreline have used our text (over the last 2 years), vs. 5000 past students saw no significant difference in success, while saving $300,000+
Student Success Data - Algebra
Big Bend switched completely to an emporium model.
Success rate jumped from 48% to 75%, and withdraw rate dropped from 25% to 9%
Mercy College - (Wallace Algebra)Percentage passing with C or better
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
63.60%68.90%
48.40%
60.18%55.91%
64.50%
Fall 2011No OER
Fall 2012OER
Spring 2011No OER
Spring 2013OER
TotalNo OER
TotalOER
n=2,842 including pilot
“The student feedback I've received (to the texts I and others have used, as well as the associated WAMAP material and James Sousa videos) has been virtually 100% positive. And it's not just the low-to-nonexistent price: we've received many comments about how these books are much easier for them to read than traditional textbooks, how WAMAP is far superior to Webassign, and how helpful they find the videos.”
- Jeff Eldridge, Edmonds CC
What’s Coming?
Z Degree: Tidewater Community College's textbook answer
The college estimates that students who complete their degree through the textbook-free program could save one-third on the cost of college.
Departments take ownership
Adoption
A Call to Action
One of the few wayswe as faculty can directly address
access inequity
Think about the Return on Investment
Make it yours
Teach Openly
Look at an Open Course
Contribute
Contribute
ProofreadCreate activities
Add new exercisesCreate videos
Join a collaboration
the Learning Machine is being built
Join in
Want to work on a contextual / conceptual / active learning algebra
course?
Email me!Contribute rich tasks to:
wamap.org/projects/
David [email protected]
http://dlippman.imathas.com
Attribution Statement
This slidedeck is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License and contains content from a variety of sources published under a variety of open licenses, including:
• Original content created by David Lippman of Pierce College and Lumen Learning• Content created by David Wiley, originally published at
http://www.slideshare.net/opencontent/ under a CC-BY license.• Food machine photo, original published at http://www.flickr.com/photos/cvander/
under a CC-BY license• Freaky skull photo, original published at
http://www.flickr.com/photos/erikcharlton/2955613283/sizes/m/in/photostream/ under a CC-BY license
