The Cell& Mitosis

Exercise 4

Anatomy of a Typical Animal Cell

The Plasma Membrane

Functions of membrane

proteins

More functions of membrane

proteins

Second messenger system:

cyclic AMP

Cellular connections: tight junctions

Desmosomes

Gap Junctions

Diffusion: a passive process

Diffusion: Simple & Facilitated

Osmosis a.

Osmosis b.

Active Transport: The Na+/K+ Pump

Symport:Two

solutes moving together

Na+ & glucosemove by secondary active transport

Vesicular transport: exocytosis

Phagocytosis: Cellular “eating”

Bulk-phase endocytosis or “pinocytosis”

Also thought of as cellular drinking.

Receptor mediated endocytosis

The Na+/K+ Pump

Mitochondria: Powerhouses of the cell

Rough endoplasmic reticulum:cellular protein factories

Protein synthesis

Golgi apparatus: packaging & distribution

Vesicles

Summary of the

pathways of products of

the cell

The Cytoskeleton

Movement within the cell a.

Movement within the cell b.

Centrioles

Structure of a Cilium

Cilia move things by a wave-like action …

… things like mucus!

Nucleus: control center of the eukaryotic cell

Careful packaging of Chromosom

es

Mitosis and the

associated phases

Semiconservative replication of

DNA

Interphase

Prophase

Late prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase:

defined by the presence of a cleavage

furrow

&Cytokinesi

s

Chemical signals controlling cell division:

the cell cycle

Cell cycle continued

Protein synthesis: transcription

Translation

Codons: the 3 letter

language of amino acids

Ribosomal RNA: the

workshop of protein building

Summary of the steps of protein synthesis

Protein degradation:the end of the line

END