THE CELL

Patricia Morenilla Pérez, 3º AInmaculada Sotos Solano, 3º A

PARTS OF THE CELL• Cell Wall• Cell Membrane• Nucleus• Nuclear Membrane• Cytoplasm• Endoplasmic Reticulum• Ribosome• Mitochondrion• Vacuole• Lysosome• Chloroplast• Nucleolus• Golgi Apparatus• Centrioles• Cytoskeleton

*CELL WALL* LOCATION

-PLANT-FUNGI-BACTERIA

*but not animal cells

-----------------------------------

FUNGI HONGO

DESCRIPTION

-OUTER LAYER-RIGID AND STRONG-MADE OF CELLULOSE

-----------------------------------

OUTER LAYERCAPA SUPERIOR

FUNCTION

-SUPPORT (grow tall)-PROTECTION-ALLOWS H2O, O2, CO2, TO DIFFUSE IN AND OUT OF CELL

-The structure-

*CELL MEMBRANE* LOCATION

-ALL CELLS

DESCRIPTION

-PLANT – inside cell wall-ANIMAL – outer layer; cholesterol-DOUBLE LAYER OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS WITH PROTEINS-SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE

FUNCTION

-SUPPORT-PROTECTION-CONTROLS MOVEMENT OF MATERIALS IN/OUT THE CELL-MAINTAINS HOMEOSTASIS

-The structure-

*NUCLEUS* LOCATION

-ALL CELLS EXCEPT PROKARYOTES

------------------------------------PROKARYOTES CELLS CÉLULAS PROCARIOTAS

DESCRIPTION

-LARGE,OVAL-MAY CONTAIN 1 OR MORE NUCLEOLI-HOLDS DNA

FUNCTION

-CONTROLS CELL ACTIVITIES-CONTAINS THE HEREDITARY MATERIAL OF THE CELL (DNA)

-The structure-

Nucleus

*NUCLEAR MEMBRANE* LOCATION

-ALL CELLS EXCEPT PROKARYOTES

DESCRIPTION

-SURROUNDS NUCLEUS-DOUBLE MEMBRANE-SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE

------------------------------------SURROUNDSRODEAR

FUNCTION

-CONTROLS MOVEMENT OF MATERIALS IN/OUT OF NUCLEUS

-The structure-

Nuclear membrane

*CYTOPLASM* LOCATION

ALL CELLS

DESCRIPTION

CLEAR,THICK,VISCOUS MATERIAL (CYTOSOL)ORGANELLES ROUDN INSIDE CELL MEMBRANECONTAINS THE CYTOSKELETON FIBERS------------------------------------ CLEAR TRANSPARENTEVISCOUSVISCOSO

FUNCTION

SUPPORTS AND PROTECTS CELL ORGANELLES

-The structure-

*ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM* LOCATION

ALL CELLS EXCEPT PROKARYOTES

DESCRIPTION

NETWORK OF TUBES OR MEMBRANESSMOOTH; WITHOUT RIBOSOMESROUGH; WITH EMBEDDED RIBOSOMESCONNECTS TO NUCLEAR ENVELOPE AND CELL MEMBRANE------------------------------------NETWORKREDSMOOTHLISOROUGHRUGOSOEMBEDDEDINTEGRADO

FUNCTION

CARRIES MATERIAL THROUGH CELLHELPS IN MAKING PROTEINS

-The structure-

*RIBOSOME* LOCATION

ALL CELLS

DESCRIPTION

SMALL BODIES FREE OR CONNECTED TO ERMADE OF RNA AND PROTEIN

------------------------------------ERENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

FUNCTION

SYNTHESIZES PROTEINS

-The structure-

*MITOCHONDRION* LOCATION

-ALL CELLS EXCEPT PROKARYOTES

DESCRIPTION

-PEANUT SHAPED-DOUBLE MEMBRANE-OUTER MEMBRANE SMOOTH-INNER MEMBRANE FOLDED INTO CRISTAE

------------------------------------INNERINTERNAFOLDEDHUNDIDA

FUNCTION

-BREAKS DOWN SUGAR (GLUCOSE) MOLECULES TO DISCHARGE ENERGY-LOCATE OF AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION

-The structure-

*VACUOLE* LOCATION

PLANT CELLS HAVE A SINGLE,LARGE VACUOLEANIMAL CELLS HAVE SMALL VACUOLES

DESCRIPTION

FLUID-FILLED SACSLARGEST ORGANELLE IN PLANT CELLS

------------------------------------FLUID-FILLED SACSSACOS LLENOS DE LÍQUIDO

FUNCTION

STORE FOOD,WATER AND TOXIC WASTESSTORE LARGE AMOUNTS OF FOOD OR SUGARS IN PLANTS

------------------------------------STORE ALMACENARWASTESDESECHOSAMOUNTSCANTIDADES

-The structure-

Vegetal cell

Animal cell

*LYSOSOME* LOCATION

PLANT-UNCOMMONANIMAL-COMMON

DESCRIPTION

SMALL AND ROUND WITH A SINGLE MEMBRANE

FUNCTION

BREAKS DOWN LARGER FOOD MOLECULES INTO SMALLER MOLECULESDIGESTS OLD CELL PARTS

-The structure-

*NUCLEOLUS* LOCATION

ALL CELLS EXCEPT PROKARYOTES

DESCRIPTION

FOUND INDSIDE THE CELL’S NUCLEUSMAY HAVE MORE THAN ONEDISAPPEAR DURING THE CELL DIVISION

------------------------------------FINDFOUNDMAYPODER

FUNCTION

MAKE RIBOSOMES

-The structure-

*GOLGI APPARATUS* LOCATION

ALL CELLS EXCEPT PROKARYOTES

DESCRIPTION

STACKS OF FLATTENED SACS

------------------------------------MONTONES DE SÁCULOS APLANADOS

FUNCTION

HAVE A CIS AND A TRANS FACEPACKAGE AND EXPORT PROTEINS -------O-------CIS-FACE(REGIÓN CIS-GOLGI): IT’S THE MOST INNER TO THE RETICULUM

TRANS-FACE(REGIÓN TRANS-GOLGI): IT’S THE NEAREST TO THE CELL MEMBRANE

-The structure-

*CHLOROPLAST* LOCATION

-PLANTS AND ALGAE

------------------------------------ALGAEALGAS

DESCRIPTION

-GREEN,OVAL, CONTAINING CHLOROPHYLL (GREEN PIGMENT)-DOUBLE MEMBRANE WHERE INNER MEMBRANE HAS GOT SACS CALLED THYLAKOIDS-IT HAS GOT A SUBTANCE THAT IS LIKE GEL CALLED STROMA

FUCNTION

-USES ENERGY FROM SUN TO MAKE FOOD (GLUCOSE) FOR THE PLANT-PROCESS CALLED PHOTOSYNTHESIS-RELEASE OXYGEN

------------------------------------RELEASESOLTAR, LIBERAR

-The structure-

*CENTRIOLES* LOCATION

oANIMAL CELLS

DESCRIPTION

oPAIRED STRUCTURES NEAR THE NUCLEUS oMADE OF A CYLINDER OF MICROTUBULE PAIRS

------------------------------------PAIREDPAREJA

FUNCTION

oSEPARATE CHROMOSOME PAIRS DURING MITOSIS

-The structure-

*CYTOSKELETON* LOCATION

ALL CELLS

DESCRIPTION

MADE OF MICROTUBULES AND MICROFILAMENTS

FUNCTION

STRENGTHEN CELL AND MAINTAINS THE SHAPE MOVES ORGANELLES WITHIN THE CELL

------------------------------------STRENGTHENREFORZARWITHINDENTRO DE

-The structure-

Thanks for your attention.

Patricia Morenilla Pérez, 3º AInmaculada Sotos Solano, 3º A