The Center for Information Technology in the Interests of Society
(CITRIS)
Paul Wright (ME Dept.)
Chief Scientist, CITRIS(BWRC Faculty: Bob Brodersen, Ali Niknejad, Bora Nikolic, Jan Rabaey, John Wawrzynek, Paul Wright and Gary Kelson)
(CITRIS Director Shankar Sastry and Executive Director Gary Baldwin)
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CITRIS mission CITRIS was created by the previous Governor’s initiative in
~2000 to bring new focus on societal scale challenges Four UC campuses are focused on applying IT to..
Intelligent Infrastructure Energy, water, earthquake preparedness, security…
Health care and bio-medical services/products Services Science (especially encouraged by IBM)
The center is funded by the State of California and industry A new building is presently under construction on our main
campus … It will host major laboratories (including space for BWRC as
needed) + a state of the art NanoFabrication Laboratory
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Air Conditioner
Real-Time Meter
Utility
An example of a BWRC + CITRIS project
Our prototype system balances occupant comfort vs. price preferences with automatic, reactive short-term load shedding and long-term energy reduction
Preference slider
Disaggregation ofThermostat into Nodes, Control, Interface, and Communication
Price Signal
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Founding Corporate Founding Corporate MembersMembers
Associate Corporate Associate Corporate MembersMembers
Platinum Corporate Platinum Corporate MembersMembers
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CITRIS Organizational Structure
UC ChancellorsC. Tomlinson-Keasey, UC Merced (Chair)
Robert J. Birgeneau, UC BerkeleyDenise D. Denton, UC Santa Cruz
L. Vanderhoef, UC Davis
Director – S. Shankar SastryDirector – S. Shankar Sastry Executive Director- Gary BaldwinExecutive Director- Gary Baldwin
CITRIS Executive Committee(Academic)
Institute Advisory Board(Industry)
CITRIS @ UC BerkeleyCITRIS @ UC BerkeleyCampus Director – Campus Director – S. Shankar SastryS. Shankar Sastry
Chief Scientist - Paul WrightChief Scientist - Paul Wright
CITRIS @ UC MercedCITRIS @ UC MercedCampus DirectorCampus Director - - Jeffrey WrightJeffrey Wright
Acting Chief Scientist – German GavilanActing Chief Scientist – German Gavilan
CITRIS @ UC Santa CruzCITRIS @ UC Santa CruzCampus Director -Campus Director - Patrick ManteyPatrick Mantey
Chief Scientist - Alex PangChief Scientist - Alex Pang
CITRIS @ UC DavisCITRIS @ UC DavisCampus Director – S.J. Ben YooCampus Director – S.J. Ben Yoo
UC BerkeleyUC Berkeley UC MercedUC Merced UC DavisUC Davis UC Santa CruzUC Santa Cruz
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What’s the difference between BWRC and CITRIS? CITRIS works with its affiliate centers – BWRC as a
leading example --- towards commercial & social impact
For BWRC supporters CITRIS provides an additional impact opportunity --- to “funnel” our basic core science (WSNs, UWB, 60GHz etc) into commerce, societal problems, and shifts in public policy
No other CA organization brings the multi-disciplinary horsepower together, to focus on innovative technology “in the service of society,” like CITRIS
CITRIS provides a unique “glue” and “roll-out opportunity” for seemingly disparate activities
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BWRC as a “feeder” to CITRIS
Put in another way…. How is CITRIS different from BWRC… but how do the
two operations work together?
BWRC is in the “research business” of fundamental research in low power radios, UWB, >60GHz..
CITRIS is in the “research business” of applying these fundamental ideas to new products, new health services, energy efficiency, homeland security …
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BWRC as a “feeder” to CITRIS
A BWRC thesis: “Ultra Low Power Transmitters for Wireless Sensor Networks,” The thesis proposed the design and optimization of nodes for wireless sensor networks with ultra low power, namely: consume less than 100 microwatts of average power for a long life; cost less than $1 for a low system cost; and occupy less than one cubic centimeter (Yuen Hui Chee)
A CITRIS thesis: Wireless sensor networks for energy efficiency. This thesis reports on packet-level performance of 2.4GHz Telos wireless sensor nodes in residential environments. The objective is to characterize the packet loss to determine the necessity of mesh networking for residential wireless sensor networks. The results describe two deployments in four residential houses (Nate Ota)
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How we think about CITRIS projects…
• If successful, how will it change the world? = Societal pull
• How will it use CITRIS technology/skills = “Tech. push”
• Does it leverage multi-campus CITRIS research teams?
• Are the metrics for success well-established?
• Has it passed competitive peer review: awarded federal or State funding?
• Can our corporate/federal/state sponsors find enough value to buy in?
• Are student initiatives (e.g., student clubs) represented?
• Sponsor international symposium in this area?
• Constantly strive for synergy among 4 (not 1) campuses and sponsors
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CITRIS project overview 1. Intelligent infrastructures
Energy Water Natural disasters Cyber-security TIER – (projects for the developing world)
2. Healthcare Implantable wireless sensors (BSN) Link to home-wireless IT services
3. Services: Science, Management, and Engineering Academic curriculum Research agenda
Infrastructure Services
HealthCare
TIER
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1. BWRC + CITRIS = Intelligent infrastructures
For intelligent infrastructures, BWRC/CITRIS provides the leverage for: Generic technology – hardware platforms (motes) shared by all… Common elements – low-power radios, sensors, MEMS-sensors, Common software – TinyDB, Deluge, Common labs
Testbeds at Berkeley (Soda, Etcheverry, Cory, BWRC) Merced, Santa Cruz, Davis
Common infrastructure is raising all boats
Annual symposium on intelligent infrastructures planned
Energy
Water
Health Care
Cyber-infrastructure
Natural Disasters
Transportation
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1. BWRC + CITRIS = Intelligent infrastructures (also relates to California Governor’s proposal)
1950s and 1960s phenomenal investment in the state’s highways, ports, energy & water supply systems, schools and universities created the 6th largest economy in the world
In 1955 the population was ~13 million but by 2025 it will be 46 million
Older investments showing their age + expansion needs added resources
Strategic growth plan ~$250b. – first 10/20 year effort
Calls for “expanded authority to fund and deliver projects through a variety of public-private partnerships”
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1. BWRC + CITRIS = Intelligent infrastructures (five & ten years in billions of dollars)
Topic First five Next five
1. Energy $ 25 billion ….
2. Transportation/Air quality $ 42.0 billion $ 65.0 billion
K-12 Education $ 17.5 billion $ 30.7 billion
Higher Education $ 5.4 billion $ 6.3 billion
3. Flood control and water supply $ 11.0 billion $ 24.0 billion
4. Public safety $ 8.1 billion $ 9.3 billion
5. Courts and other public service infrastructure $ 2.3 billion $ 1.0 billion
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2. BWRC + CITRIS = Health Care dollar opportunities
We spend $ 2 T per year in health care (16% of GDP).
10 % of population over 60 expected to grow to 25 % by 2030.
Huge opportunities to make a difference in continuous monitoring (tele-medicine) for chronic conditions, elder care.
85+80-8475-7970-7465-6960-6455-5950-5445-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-2415-1910-145-90-4
Age
1950(150,216,000)
1980(227,658,000)
2000(267,955,000)
2030(304,807,000)
Source: U. S. Census
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2. BWRC + CITRIS = Health Care dollar opportunities
Implantables and wireless monitoring (see Jan’s talk)
Exquisite Detection: presymptomatic detection of disease (BSAC leading the way with lab on a chip, bio-sensors,..)
Use of EDA like methods to do open source analysis of gene-protein, protein-protein networks: Biospice, SynBio (joint with QB-3)
Stem Cell Initiative and Tissue Engineering (including social, legal and ethical considerations)
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3. BWRC + CITRIS = Impact at “Service Layer” (using Health Care here as an example)
What impact can mobile phones have on user health?
Imperial College, Rifat Atun et al., Vodaphone (3.25.06)
150 examples of text messaging in health care delivery
1) Efficiency gains: reduce number of lost appointments (UK) 26-39% (GPs), 33-50% (Hospitals) = £256-364m. Savings
2) Public-health gains: hard to reach locations / also teenagers! WHO: India > Tuberculosis: Kenya, Nigeria, Mali > HIV&Malaria
3) Treatment regime: take medicine now! exercise! don’t smoke! Diabetes is a good example of this requiring constant management “Good” patients measure blood-sugar levels and inject insulin 3x/d V. Franklin (Dundee), “Sweet Talk” > Text messages to teenagers Increased “self-efficacy,” haemoglobin HbA1c was 14% lower
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Summary: BWRC + CITRIS
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Summary: BWRC >> CITRIS Adoption needs lower power radios & cheaper devices <100 W integrated node
Baseband(mixed-signal)
RF+ Antenna
ClockGeneration
DigitalProcessor(s)
PowerSupply
NetworkSensors
64Kmemory DW8051
μc
BaseBand
SerialInterface
GPIOInterface
LocationingEngine
Neighbor List
SystemSupervisor
DLL
NetworkQueues
VoltageConv
• Simplest possible processor• Dedicated accelerators when needed• Aggressive power management• Minimizing supply voltageCourtesy: Mike Sheets
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BWRC Low Power Radios in Demand Response in CA 1. New Thermostat with touchpad shows price of electricity in ¢/kWhr + expected monthly bill. *Automatic adjustment of HVAC price/comfort. *Appliance nodes glow-colors based on price.2. New Meter conveys real-time usage, back to service provider 3. Wireless beacons throughout the house allow for fine grained comfort/control
Incoming price signals
Appliance lights show price level & appliances powered-down
