The

Civi

l War

Timeli

ne Ca

rds

THE CIVIL WAR

IntroductionBy 1619, tobacco was the chief crop grown in Jamestown.

THE CIVIL WAR

IntroductionBy the 1660s, enslaved people were brought from Africa to grow tobacco in North America.

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 1: SlaveryInvented in 1793, the cotton gin made cotton a profitable crop in the South, causing the demand for slaves to increase.

Big Question: Why did the demand for slaves increase in the Southern states?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 2: The Life of the SlaveSlaves resisted in different ways. Some tried to run away, some worked very slowly or pretended to be sick. In 1831, slaves in Virginia, led by Nat Turner, rebelled and killed men, women, and children.

Big Question: How did slaves in the South resist?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 3: The Missouri CompromiseThe Missouri Compromise of 1820 tried to settle the question of the spread of slavery by drawing a line from Missouri’s southern border, dividing free and slave portions across the rest of the Louisiana Purchase.

Big Question: How did the Missouri Compromise attempt to resolve the issue of slavery in the territories?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 4: Growth of Antislavery FeelingIn his newspaper, The Liberator, William Lloyd Garrison argued for the abolition, or end, of slavery.

Big Question: How did abolitionists and the people of the Underground Railroad fight against slavery?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 4: Growth of Antislavery FeelingIn 1845, Frederick Douglass, a former slave, published a book about his life as a slave and his escape from slavery.

Big Question: How did abolitionists and the people of the Underground Railroad fight against slavery?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 5: Growing ApartSamuel Slater’s mill, which opened in 1791, was the first cotton mill in America. More and more factories were built in the North.

Big Question: What were the economic differences between the North and the South?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 6: A House DividedThe Compromise of 1850 temporarily calmed tensions between the North and the South over the issue of slavery.

The Compromise of 1850

40° N

30° N

36° N

20° N

Mexico

New MexicoTerritory

IndianTerritory

DE

CT

NYNH

MEVT

N

S

E

W

PACIFICOCEAN

ATLANTICOCEAN

CA

TX

AR

MS

LA

AL GA

FL

SC

NCTN

MO

ILIN

OHIA

WIMI

PA

KY

VA

OregonTerritory

UtahTerritory

UnorganizedTerritory

MinnesotaTerritory

Canada(British)

120° W 110° W 100° W 90° W 80° W 70° W

0 500 miles

Gulf of MexicoSlave states and territoriesFree states and territories

Slavery to be decided byvoters at a later date

MARI

NJ

MD

Big Question: Why did compromises fail to solve the national argument about slavery?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 6: A House DividedHarriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin in 1852 to show the evils of slavery.

Big Question: Why did compromises fail to solve the national argument about slavery?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 7: Young Mr. LincolnAbraham Lincoln opposed slavery, but he hoped that it could be ended constitutionally.

Big Question: What shaped Abraham Lincoln as a young man?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 8: The Crisis Deepens“A house divided against itself cannot stand.”—Abraham Lincoln, after being nominated by the Republican party in Illinois to run for the Senate, 1858.

Big Question: What led the South to secede?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 8: The Crisis DeepensIn 1859, in an attempt to arm slaves, John Brown raided the arsenal at Harpers Ferry in West Virginia. His raid was unsuccessful.

Big Question: What led the South to secede?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 8: The Crisis DeepensIn 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected president. Over the next two months, seven states voted to secede from the Union.

Big Question: What led the South to secede?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 9: The War BeginsIn 1861, Jefferson Davis was elected president of the Confederate States of America.

Big Question: Why did the attack on Fort Sumter launch the American Civil War?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 9: The War BeginsThe Confederate bombardment of Fort Sumter in 1861 meant that the American Civil War had begun.

Big Question: Why did the attack on Fort Sumter launch the American Civil War?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 10: Advantages and DisadvantagesAt the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861, the Union soldiers retreated, so the South won the battle.

Big Question: What resources and advantages did each side have at the start of the Civil War?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 10: Advantages and DisadvantagesIn 1861, Robert E. Lee became a general for the Confederate Army.

Big Question: What resources and advantages did each side have at the start of the Civil War?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 11: Developing a StrategyThere was no clear winner in the 1862 battle between the ironclad ships, the Monitor and the Virginia.

Big Question: What was General Winfield Scott’s plan to win the war, and how successful was it?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 12: The War in the EastGeneral McClellan failed to press his advantage at the Battle of Antietam in 1862. After the battle, Lincoln replaced General McClellan.

Big Question: What prompted Lincoln to remove General McClellan from command?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 13: The Emancipation ProclamationIn 1863, in the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln freed enslaved African Americans in Confederate states.

Big Question: How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the focus of the war effort from the Union point of view?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 15: Johnny Reb and Billy YankThe most famous of the all-African American units was the Massachusetts 54th Regiment, commanded by Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.

Big Question: What was life like for the common soldier during the Civil War?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 16: Women and the War EffortDuring the Civil War, Clara Barton became known as “Angel of the Battlefield” for her work tending to wounded soldiers. After the war, Barton founded the American Red Cross.

Big Question: How did women help the war effort?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 17: The Tide TurnsThe Battle of Gettysburg in 1863 claimed the highest number of casualties during the entire Civil War.

Big Question: Why was the Battle of Gettysburg important and still remembered today?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 19: The War Draws to a CloseThe Union Army captured Atlanta in September 1864. From there, General Sherman led his army on a “march to the sea.”

Big Question: How did the Union finally defeat the Confederacy?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 19: The War Draws to a CloseGeneral Lee surrendered to General Grant on April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House, Virginia.

Big Question: How did the Union finally defeat the Confederacy?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 20: The Death of President LincolnAfter shooting President Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre, John Wilkes Booth jumped from the presidential box onto the stage. Lincoln died the next morning, April 15, 1865.

Big Question: Why did John Wilkes Booth kill President Lincoln?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 21: The South in RuinsAfter the Civil War ended in 1865, many freed African Americans, as well as poor white families, became sharecroppers in the South.

Big Question: What was life like in the South after the Civil War?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 22: The Struggle over ReconstructionRatified in 1865–1866, the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution extended the rights of African Americans.

Big Question: How did Andrew Johnson’s ideas of reconstruction differ from the Radical Republicans’?

THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER 23: Congressional ReconstructionPresident Andrew Johnson was impeached in 1868.

Big Question: Why did Thaddeus Stevens and the Radical Republicans decide to impeach Andrew Johnson?

Subj

ect M

atte

r Exp

erts

Gary

W. Ga

llagh

er, Ph

D Un

iversi

ty of

Virgin

ia

John L

. Nau

III Pr

ofesso

r in th

e Hist

ory of

the A

meric

an Ci

vil W

ar Dir

ectio

n, Joh

n L. N

au III

Cente

r for C

ivil W

ar His

tory

Tony

Willi

ams, S

enior

Teac

hing F

ellow

, Bill

of Rig

hts In

stitut

e

Illus

trat

ion

and

Phot

o Cre

dits

Title

Text o

f the E

manc

ipatio

n Proc

lamati

on, 1

865 /

Unive

rsal H

istory

Arch

ive/U

IG / B

ridge

man I

mage

s

Introd

uctio

n, Ca

rd 1

Durga

Bernh

ard

Introd

uctio

n, Ca

rd 2

Durga

Bernh

ard

Chap

ter 1

Eli W

hitne

y’s (1

765–

1825

) Cott

on G

in, o

perat

ed b

y blac

k slav

es, 1

793

(colou

r lith

o), A

meric

an

Scho

ol, (1

8th ce

ntury)

/ Priv

ate Co

llecti

on / P

eter N

ewark

Ameri

can P

icture

s / Br

idgem

an Im

ages

Chap

ter 2

Hunti

ng an

esca

ped s

lave w

ith do

gs (c

oloure

d eng

raving

), Ame

rican

Scho

ol, (1

9th ce

ntury)

/ Priv

ate

Colle

ction

/ Pete

r New

ark Am

erica

n Pict

ures /

Bridg

eman

Imag

es

Chap

ter 3

Map o

f the U

nited

State

s of A

meric

a, de

pictin

g the

slav

e stat

es an

d free

state

s, 182

1 (co

lour li

tho),

Ameri

can S

choo

l, (19

th ce

ntury)

/ Priv

ate Co

llecti

on / P

eter N

ewark

Ameri

can P

icture

s / Br

idgem

an

Imag

es

Chap

ter 4,

Card

1 Fro

nt Pa

ge o

f ‘The

Libe

rator’,

foun

ded

by W

illiam

Lloy

d Ga

rrison

(180

5–79

) 185

9 (n

ewsp

rint),

Am

erica

n Sch

ool, (

19th

centu

ry) / P

rivate

Colle

ction

/ Pete

r New

ark Am

erica

n Pict

ures /

Bridg

eman

Im

ages

Chap

ter 4,

Card

2 Fre

deric

k Dou

glass

(pho

tograv

ure),

Brady

, Math

ew (1

823–

96) /

Priva

te Co

llecti

on /

The S

taplet

on

Colle

ction

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 5

The f

irst c

otton

mill

in Am

erica

, esta

blish

ed by

Samu

el Sla

ter on

the B

lackst

one R

iver a

t Paw

tucke

t, Rh

ode I

sland

, c.17

90 (o

il on

canv

as), A

meric

an Sc

hool,

(18th

centu

ry) /

Smith

sonia

n Ins

titutio

n, Wa

shing

ton DC

, USA

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 6,

Card

2 Po

ster a

dvert

ising

‘Uncle

Tom’

s Cab

in’, 1

852

(colou

r lith

o), A

meric

an S

choo

l, (1

9th c

entur

y) /

Colle

ction

of th

e New

-York

Histor

ical S

ociet

y, USA

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 7

Portr

ait of

Abrah

am Li

ncoln

(oil o

n can

vas),

Healy

, Geo

rge Pe

ter Al

exan

der (

1813

–189

4) / N

ation

al Po

rtrait

Galle

ry, Sm

ithso

nian I

nstitu

tion,

USA /

Photo

© Bo

ltin Pi

cture

Librar

y / Br

idgem

an Im

ages

Chap

ter 8,

Card

1 Ab

raham

Linc

oln an

d Step

hen A

. Dou

glas d

ebati

ng at

Charl

eston

, Illin

ois on

18th

Septe

mber

1858

, 19

18 (o

il on c

anva

s), Ro

ot, Ro

bert

Marsh

all (1

863–

1937

) / Pr

ivate

Colle

ction

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 8,

Card

2 Joh

n Brow

n (18

00–5

9) ca

ptured

by M

arine

s at H

arper’

s Ferr

y, 185

9 (co

loured

engra

ving)

, Ame

rican

Sc

hool,

(19th

centu

ry) / P

rivate

Colle

ction

/ Pete

r New

ark Am

erica

n Pict

ures /

Bridg

eman

Imag

es

Chap

ter 8,

Card

3 Ab

raham

Linc

oln (1

809–

1865

) deli

verin

g his i

naug

ural a

ddres

s as P

reside

nt in

front

of the

Capit

ol,

Wash

ington

on 4

March

1861

. Woo

d eng

raving

. / Un

iversa

l Hist

ory Ar

chive

/UIG

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 9,

Card

1 Jef

ferso

n Dav

is (oil

on ca

nvas)

, Sch

werdt

, Chri

stian

F. (1

9th ce

ntury)

/ Chic

ago H

istory

Mus

eum,

USA /

Bri

dgem

an Im

ages

Chap

ter 9,

Card

2 Co

nfede

rate

bomb

ardme

nt of

Fort

Sumt

er in

Charl

eston

Harb

our, 1

2th-1

3th A

pril 1

861

(litho

), Am

erica

n Sch

ool, (

19th

centu

ry) /

Priva

te Co

llecti

on /

Peter

New

ark M

ilitary

Pictu

res /

Bridg

eman

Im

ages

Chap

ter 10

, Card

1 Du

stin M

acka

y

Chap

ter 10

, Card

2 Ge

neral

Robe

rt E.

Lee,

1987

(oil o

n can

vas)

© Do

nTroia

ni (b.

1949

) / Pr

ivate

Colle

ction

/ Bri

dgem

an

Imag

es

Chap

ter 11

Th

e USS

‘Mon

itor’ f

ightin

g the

CSS ‘M

errim

ack’ a

t the B

attle

of Ha

mpton

Road

s duri

ng th

e Ame

rican

Civ

il War,

9th M

arch 1

862 (

colou

r litho

), Ame

rican

Scho

ol, (1

9th ce

ntury)

/ Priv

ate Co

llecti

on / P

eter

Newa

rk Am

erica

n Pict

ures /

Bridg

eman

Imag

es

Chap

ter 12

Ba

ttle of

Antie

tam, p

ub. K

urz &

Alliso

n, 18

88 (c

olour

litho),

Ameri

can S

choo

l, (19

th ce

ntury)

/ Priv

ate

Colle

ction

/ The

Stap

leton

Colle

ction

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 13

Tex

t of th

e Ema

ncipa

tion P

roclam

ation

, 186

5 / Un

iversa

l Hist

ory Ar

chive

/UIG

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 15

Co

me a

nd Jo

in Us

Brot

hers’,

Unio

n rec

ruitm

ent p

oster

aim

ed at

blac

k volu

nteers

(colo

ur lith

o),

Ameri

can S

choo

l, (19

th ce

ntury)

/ Priv

ate Co

llecti

on / P

eter N

ewark

Ameri

can P

icture

s / Br

idgem

an

Imag

es

Chap

ter 16

Cla

ra Ba

rton t

endin

g wou

nded

durin

g the

Ameri

can C

ivil W

ar (co

lour li

tho), A

meric

an Sc

hool,

(19th

ce

ntury)

/ Priv

ate Co

llecti

on / P

eter N

ewark

Ameri

can P

icture

s / Br

idgem

an Im

ages

Chap

ter 17

Th

e Batt

le of

Getty

sburg

, July

1st-3

rd 18

63 (c

olour

litho),

Ogd

en, H

enry

Alexa

nder

(185

6–19

36) /

Pri

vate

Colle

ction

/ The

Stap

leton

Colle

ction

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 19

, Card

1 Th

e Cap

ture o

f Atla

nta by

the U

nion A

rmy, 2

nd Se

ptemb

er, 18

64 (c

olour

litho),

Currie

r, N. (1

813–

88)

and I

ves, J

.M. (1

824–

95) /

Yale

Unive

rsity

Art G

allery

, New

Have

n, CT

, USA

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 19

, Card

2 Le

e’s S

urren

der a

t App

omatt

ox C

ourt

Hous

e (co

lour l

itho),

Lov

ell, T

om (1

909–

97) /

Nati

onal

Geog

raphic

Crea

tive /

Bridg

eman

Imag

es

Chap

ter 20

As

sassin

ation

of th

e Pres

ident

Abrah

am Li

ncoln

, pub

. 186

5 (ha

nd-co

loured

engra

ving)

, Ame

rican

Sc

hool,

(19th

centu

ry) / P

rivate

Colle

ction

/ The

Stap

leton

Colle

ction

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 21

Cla

ssicS

tock.c

om/S

uperS

tock

Chap

ter 22

Co

ngres

siona

l Cop

y of t

he Th

irtee

nth A

mend

ment

Reso

lution

, Feb

ruary

1 18

65 (i

nk o

n ve

llum)

, Lin

coln,

Abrah

am (1

809–

65) /

Gilde

r Leh

rman

Colle

ction

, New

York,

USA /

Bridg

eman

Imag

es

Chap

ter 23

Ev

erett C

ollec

tion/

Supe

rStoc

k

Cre

ativ

e C

om

mo

ns L

icen

sing

This

wor

k is

lice

nsed

und

er a

C

reat

ive

Com

mon

s A

ttrib

utio

n-N

onC

omm

erci

al-S

hare

Alik

e 4.

0 In

tern

atio

nal L

icen

se.

You

are

free

:to

Sha

re—

to c

opy,

dis

trib

ute,

and

tran

smit

the

wor

k to

Rem

ix—

to a

dapt

the

wor

k

Und

er t

he f

ollo

win

g c

ond

itio

ns:

Att

rib

utio

n—Yo

u m

ust a

ttrib

ute

the

wor

k in

the

fo

llow

ing

man

ner:

This

wor

k is

bas

ed o

n an

orig

inal

wor

k of

the

Cor

e K

now

ledg

e® F

ound

atio

n (w

ww

.cor

ekno

wle

dge.

org)

mad

e av

aila

ble

thro

ugh

licen

sing

und

er a

Cre

ativ

e C

omm

ons

Att

ribut

ion-

Non

Com

mer

cial

-Sha

reA

like

4.0

Inte

rnat

iona

l Li

cens

e. T

his

does

not

in a

ny w

ay im

ply

that

the

Cor

e K

now

ledg

e Fo

unda

tion

endo

rses

this

wor

k.

No

nco

mm

erci

al—

You

may

not

use

this

wor

k fo

r co

mm

erci

al p

urpo

ses.

Sha

re A

like—

If yo

u al

ter,

tran

sfor

m, o

r bu

ild u

pon

this

wor

k,

you

may

dis

trib

ute

the

resu

lting

wor

k on

ly u

nder

the

sam

e or

si

mila

r lic

ense

to th

is o

ne.

Wit

h th

e un

der

stan

din

g t

hat:

Fo

r an

y re

use

or d

istr

ibut

ion,

you

mus

t mak

e cl

ear

to

othe

rs th

e lic

ense

term

s of

this

wor

k. T

he b

est w

ay to

do

this

is w

ith a

link

to th

is w

eb p

age:

http

s://

crea

tivec

omm

ons.

org/

licen

ses/

by-n

c-sa

/4.0

/

Cop

yrig

ht ©

201

7 C

ore

Kno

wle

dge

Foun

datio

n w

ww

.co

rekn

ow

led

ge.

org

All

Rig

hts

Res

erve

d.

Cor

e K

now

ledg

e®, C

ore

Kno

wle

dge

Cur

ricul

um S

erie

s™,

Cor

e K

now

ledg

e H

isto

ry a

nd G

eogr

aphy

™ a

nd C

KH

G™

ar

e tr

adem

arks

of t

he C

ore

Kno

wle

dge

Foun

datio

n.

Trad

emar

ks a

nd tr

ade

nam

es a

re s

how

n in

this

boo

k st

rictly

for

illust

rativ

e an

d ed

ucat

iona

l pur

pose

s an

d ar

e th

e pr

oper

ty o

f the

ir re

spec

tive

owne

rs. R

efer

ence

s he

rein

sh

ould

not

be

rega

rded

as

affe

ctin

g th

e va

lidity

of s

aid

trad

emar

ks a

nd tr

ade

nam

es.

ISBN: 978-1-68380-234-1