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The Civil War 18.3 Campaigns in Texas
The Civil War
18.3 Campaigns in Texas
Fighting At Galveston Island
A. Union Ships blockaded Texas ports
B. Cotton was transported through Mexico and sent to Europe in exchange for war supplies
Fighting At Galveston Island
C. In October 1862, Union forces attacked and captured Galveston
1. Galveston was vital to the Confederacy
The Fighting at Galveston Island
2. Confederate commander Gen. John B. MacGruder planned to recapture Galveston
a. Converted two steamships into gun boats and lined the sides with cotton.
b. Attack began on January 1, 1863
D. Texas confederate forces retook Galveston.
Battle of Sabine Pass
A. Confederate soldiers defeated Union forces at Sabine Pass
B. Dick Dowling and 45 Davis Guards played a major role by capturing 350 soldiers and two boats on September 8, 1863
C. The Battle of Sabine Pass was and important Confederate victory, foiling the Union’s major campaign against Texas
Forces Battle Over Brownsville
A. Hoping to cut off the overland supply line, the Union focused on Brownsville
1. wagon trains of cotton crossed the border into Matamoros to be shipped out
2. Union strengthened their blockade off the Texas Coast
Battle Over Brownsville
B. Union troops captured Brownsville in early November 1863, but were called away.
C. In late November 1863, Confederate troops recaptured the town for the Confederacy.
Red River Campaign
A. Union forces captured New Orleans
B. 25,000 Union troops had been called away from Brownsville to take part in the Red River Campaign
Red River Campaign
C. A smaller Confederate army met the Union forces 25 miles from the Texas border in one of the bloodiest campaigns – forcing the Union to turn back
