The colourful Hungarian The colourful Hungarian national costumenational costume

’ ’ The traditional costume is some The traditional costume is some kind of fashion, which changes in kind of fashion, which changes in the way, to preserve old forms as the way, to preserve old forms as

well.’well.’

The development of the Hungarian The development of the Hungarian traditional costumetraditional costume

• The Hungarian national costume is extremely colourful, rich in traditions. Its traditional design and motifs are varied and different , depending on the tradition of each region.

• Our national costumes have been formed and changed for many years, preserving the main traditional rustic pieces of clothes .

• Details of the costume, such as : material, colour, decoration, give us information about the age, sex, nationality and social position of the owner.

The Age of the Hungarian ConquestThe Age of the Hungarian ConquestThe clothing of the Hungarian people The clothing of the Hungarian people has been influenced by eastern and has been influenced by eastern and western effects since settling down in western effects since settling down in the Carpathian basin.the Carpathian basin.The first Magyar settlers of Hungary The first Magyar settlers of Hungary had an eastern type of clothing, had an eastern type of clothing, characterised by bright colours, characterised by bright colours, straight and rectangular patterns.straight and rectangular patterns.Both men and women wore long Both men and women wore long trousers tied with belts. Men were trousers tied with belts. Men were wearing felt hats on their had, while wearing felt hats on their had, while Hungarian girls wore head-dresses. Hungarian girls wore head-dresses. They wore felt-boots and sandals as They wore felt-boots and sandals as well. Women wore skirts over the well. Women wore skirts over the trousers.trousers.

Traditional costumes between the 14th-17th Traditional costumes between the 14th-17th centuriescenturies

• The clothing of the Hungarian The clothing of the Hungarian peasants was influenced not peasants was influenced not only by the eastern, but also only by the eastern, but also by the western world, by the western world, regarding materials, shapes, regarding materials, shapes, patterns and decoration.patterns and decoration.

• The most important impact had The most important impact had the last eastern wave, the the last eastern wave, the Ottoman , in the 14th-17th Ottoman , in the 14th-17th centuries. centuries.

• The national costume became The national costume became dominant by eastern patterns dominant by eastern patterns and bright colours again. The and bright colours again. The peasants had bought part of peasants had bought part of their materials from the their materials from the manufactories. manufactories.

The Habsburg empire and the feudalismThe Habsburg empire and the feudalism

• In the 18th centuries, because In the 18th centuries, because of the feudalism and the of the feudalism and the Habsburg empire, the Habsburg empire, the peasants became more and peasants became more and more poor. As a more poor. As a consequence, they could not consequence, they could not afford to buy the colourful afford to buy the colourful materials from factories. They materials from factories. They began to produce their own began to produce their own material for clothing again, material for clothing again, using flax and hemp. using flax and hemp.

• As they raised animals,they As they raised animals,they could use fur and leather for could use fur and leather for clothing. Broad –cloth was clothing. Broad –cloth was produced in factories.produced in factories.

The 19th century, when clothing The 19th century, when clothing becomes more colourfulbecomes more colourful

• Pieces of clothes worn at the beginning of the century , like Pieces of clothes worn at the beginning of the century , like skirts,men’s white linen culottes were all white, worn with colourful skirts,men’s white linen culottes were all white, worn with colourful waistcoasts, scarfs and blue broad-cloth vests.waistcoasts, scarfs and blue broad-cloth vests.

• Better conditions in the 19th century influenced the national Better conditions in the 19th century influenced the national costumes as well. These became brighter, more decorated, and the costumes as well. These became brighter, more decorated, and the old bright colours came back, mostly the red.old bright colours came back, mostly the red.

• Great changes took place in clothing at the middle of the 19th Great changes took place in clothing at the middle of the 19th century. There were better financial, cultural and social possibilities century. There were better financial, cultural and social possibilities for the peasants. Just a few examples, new materials were for the peasants. Just a few examples, new materials were produced in factories, which were of better quality. Consequently produced in factories, which were of better quality. Consequently patterns have changed too. The black colour had double function, it patterns have changed too. The black colour had double function, it was worn at festivities, and also became the symbol of mourning.was worn at festivities, and also became the symbol of mourning.

Costumes from the 19th-20th centuriesCostumes from the 19th-20th centuries

Folk regions in old and present Folk regions in old and present HungaryHungary

a- Matyó traditional costumeb- Palóc costumec- National costumes from Buzsák and

Szenna d- Ethnic German, Sokác traditional

costumee- Costumes from Kalocsaf- Traditional costume from the lowlandg- Costumes from Kalotaszeg and

Torockóh- Mezőségi national costumesi- Csángó costumej- Costumes from Upper Hungary

Ideas- PlansIdeas- Plans

• While planning our models, we gained ideas mostly from While planning our models, we gained ideas mostly from our traditional costumes from the lowland, such as basic our traditional costumes from the lowland, such as basic material, , colour, embroidery, decoration, patterns, material, , colour, embroidery, decoration, patterns, collar and sleeves, which can be found our latest collar and sleeves, which can be found our latest fashion as well. fashion as well.

Description of folk-regions, that inspired Description of folk-regions, that inspired our modelsour models

- Men’s folk-costume from the Men’s folk-costume from the lowland:lowland:

- -Hortobágy, Bugac, clothes worn -Hortobágy, Bugac, clothes worn by shepherds in the lowland:loose by shepherds in the lowland:loose shirt, white linen culottes,big hat shirt, white linen culottes,big hat and long embroidered felt cloak of and long embroidered felt cloak of Hungarian shepherds.Hungarian shepherds.

- -Peasants from the regions: -Peasants from the regions: Tiszántúl and Hajdúság: leather Tiszántúl and Hajdúság: leather waistcoat,long-sleeved waistcoat,long-sleeved coat,sheepskin waistcoat, short coat,sheepskin waistcoat, short overcoat, long embroidered felt overcoat, long embroidered felt cloak of Hungarian shepherds. cloak of Hungarian shepherds. They wore leather trousers with They wore leather trousers with the fur inside in cold weather.This the fur inside in cold weather.This can be tight, worn inside the can be tight, worn inside the boots, or with buttons on the side boots, or with buttons on the side part, worn outside the boots. part, worn outside the boots.

Herdsmen in long embroidered felt cloaksHerdsmen in long embroidered felt cloaks

Women’s traditional costumes- Women’s wear became quite Women’s wear became quite

early , during the last century early , during the last century burgeois.burgeois.

- The traditional costume from The traditional costume from Kalocsa is characterized by Kalocsa is characterized by pastel colours on a white base pastel colours on a white base material.material.

- Embroidery is used as Embroidery is used as ornament on bonnet, shirt ornament on bonnet, shirt sleeves, small, white linen sleeves, small, white linen vests, aprons.vests, aprons.

- Under the colourful silk skirt Under the colourful silk skirt there are more underskirts.there are more underskirts.

- Girls wear ribbons in their hair, Girls wear ribbons in their hair, colourful tights and slippers.colourful tights and slippers.

• For our models, we used the For our models, we used the typical supplementary of the typical supplementary of the Sárköz region, the pearl-collar.Sárköz region, the pearl-collar.

• We used the famous ’halasi We used the famous ’halasi lace’lace’

• We often use the blue, so-We often use the blue, so-called ’kékfestő’ material.called ’kékfestő’ material.

Előkészületek a kivitelezéshezElőkészületek a kivitelezéshez

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