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Independence Hall (Philadelphia, 1787) 55 Delegates
◦ Goal: To Improve our National Government Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, George
Washington
The Constitutional Convention
Slavery Issues Economic Issues State Representatives
What separated the delegates?
STRONG NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
STATE GOVERNMENT
VS
“The Large State Plan” Strong National Government Judicial, Executive, Legislative branches
◦Legislative = Bi-cameral
◦Representatives: Selected based on State population Why would a small state be against this?
The Virginia Plan
“The Small State Plan” Keeping the structure the same.
◦Unicameral system◦State Rep: Equal votes in congress
Additions to be made:◦ Power to tax citizens◦ Regulate commerce
The New Jersey Plan
The Great Compromise◦ Upper House: Each state, regardless of size,
equal vote◦ Lower House: Based on population.
The Great Compromise
3/5 Compromise◦ Each slave would be counted as three fifths of a
person when determining representation.
Slave Trade◦ The national government
would wait 20 years before seeking to end the slave trade. Conflict:
Northern States vs. Southern States
Issues with Slavery
Popular Sovereignty: the idea that political authority belongs to the people.
Federalism: the sharing of power between a central government and the states that make up a country. ◦ Marble Cake
The swirl of the two colors
Our Living Constitution
“This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.”
Our Living ConstitutionARTICLE VI:
“This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.”
Our Living ConstitutionARTICLE VI:
Sharing Power: National & States
NATIONAL GOVERNMENTLAWS AND POWERS GIVEN BY THE US CONSTITUTION
(THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA)
State Governments(OHIO)
Local GovernmentsCUYAHOGA FALLS
Legislative Branch: Congress: Responsible for proposing and passing laws.◦ Upper House: 2 Representatives for each state◦ Lower House: Representatives determined by
state population
Branches of Government
Executive Branch: ◦ The president and departments that help run the
country.◦ Make sure the laws are carried out.
Branches of Government
Judicial Branch: (All National Courts):◦ Responsible for interpreting laws, punishing
criminals, and settling disputes between states.
Branches of Government