THE CA ON THE LEVEL OF MORPHOLOGY

English Education Program Faculty of Language and Art

University of Indraprasta PGRI

Arrange By: Group 2Y-C Class

Name : NIA QURATUL AIN 201312570010

NANIK RAHAYU 201212500412LULU SYAFWITA 201212500400

AYU FATIMAH 201212500420PUJI ASTUTI 201212500362

MARIA HEMAS 201212500415SUHARYANI 201212500421

YUYUN WAHYUNINGSIH 201212500372RENI INTAN 201212500363

JULIA SAGITA 201212500644 

Arrange By: Group 2Y-C Class

Morphological process is a mean of changing a stem to adjust its meaning to fit its syntactic and comunicational context.

Morphological process?

Morphological Process.

In English, there are two kinds of morphological process.

Affixation. Suffixes Prefixes

Replacement

In indonesian, there are two kinds of morphological process.

Affixation Prefixes Infixes Suffixes Confixes Simulfiks

Reduplication

Two Kinds of Morphological Process in English

Affixation.

Suffixes Prefixes

Replacement

1. Suffixes are morpheme added to the end of a word.

AFFIXATION

Example:

‘careless’The suffix is –lessThe suffix –less means without so the word careless means “without care”

1. Inflectional Suffix

Inflectional suffix, does not involve a change of part of speech or word of class.

-s book-books, worker-workers, walk-walks,sleep-sleeps

-ed learn-learned,wash-washed

-ing study-studying,swim-swimming

-er clever-cleverer,fast-faster

-est   clever-cleverest, fast-fastest

Derivational suffix, involve a change of part of speech or word of class and change the meaning.

-ment : development-ion : demonstration, description-ness : carelessness, happiness,-ist : novelist, realist-dom : freedom, kingdom

Derivational Suffix

Example Derivational Suffix

2. Prefixes

Prefixes are morpheme that are added to the beginning of a word.A prefix changes the meaning of a word.

Affixation

Example:“preschool” The prefix is pre-The prefix pre means “before” so the

word preschool means “before school”• en- : enlarge• be- : befriend• un- : unhappy

Replacement

Replacement occurs in nouns, verbs, and adjectives

. Noun : Criterion – criteria

Woman – womanMouse – Mice

Phenomenon - Phenomena

Verb : Eat-ateSpeak – spoke

Become – becameKnow-knew

Adjective : Good-Better-BestBad-Worse-Worst

Little – Less - Least

In indonesian, there are two kinds of morphological process.

Affixation Prefixes Infixes Suffixes Confixes Simulfiks

Reduplication

Morphological Process In Indonesia

Prefixes : Prefiks is an affix that is placed in the front of

basic words (free morphemes). According to S. TakdirAlisjahbana (1980 : 40), prefix di-, ke-, ter- has function to declare place and pasif form.

Example: me- : mereproduksi (me+reproduksi)ke- : kedepan (ke+depan)me-: menjadi (men+jadi), membuat (mem+buat)Di- : dilarang (di+larang)Ter-:terbesar (ter-besar)

Affixation

Infixes

Infixes: Infix is an affix that is placed inside the basic

of words : -el-,-em-,-er-,-in-

Example: -el (gelembung)-em (gemetar)-er (gerigi).

Suffixes

Sufiks is an affix which is placed in the behind of basic words.

Example: -an (bacaan), -i (surgawi) –wi is allomorph suffix –i, -in (jalanin) -an : satuan (satu+an, makanan (makan+nan)-kan : campurkan (campur+kan), belikan

(beli+kan)

Confixes:

Confixes is an affix which consists of two elements, in front of the basic form and behind the basic form.

Example: me-kan (merahasiakan), pe-an (pekerjaan), per-an (perkuliahan), and ber-an

(berpakaian).

Simulfiks

Simulfix is an affix which is manifested by segmental characteristics that melted on the bottom. It functions is to form the basic verb.

Example:antarbank (antar+bank)Ekstrakulikuler (ekstra+kulikuler)

Reduplication

Reduplication is an important device to show plurality which is in english shown by the plural suffixes. In indonesian, nouns, adjectives, and verbs can be reduplicated to show pluralized.

Example : NOUNRumah-rumahnya besar (the houses is base) Sebesar-besarnya (from base besar)VerbKerja-kerjaran

CONTRASTIVE OF AFFIXATION IN ENGLISH AND INDONESIA

SIMILIARITY INDONESIA ENGLISH

There are Suffixes and Prefixes

Makes a new word and change the meaning

DIFFERENTIATION 5 types of affixation 2 types of affixation

limited Many morpheme in afixation

free Affixation should be put in correct word

CONTRASTIVE OF REPLACEMENT IN ENGLISH AND REDUPLICATION IN INDONESIA

SIMILIARITY INDONESIA ENGLISH

Occur in adjective, noun and verb

Makes pluralization at noun

DIFFERENTIATION Not change grammatical and superlative

in adjective happen superlative example : bad, - worse-worst

There is repetition of the basic word such as ; rumah-rumahnya

In verb it changes grammatical example speak-spoke - spoken

Affixation should be put in correct word

PART OF SPEECH

NO ENGLISH INDONESIAN

1 Noun: pen, dog, work, music, town, London, teacher,

John

Kata benda (Noun): Kakak, Adik, Bapak, Ibu,

Rumah, Kursi, Meja

2 verb: be, have, do, like, work, sing Kata kerja (verb): pulang, pergi, belajar,

menginterogasi, diwawancarai, keluar,

merokok

3 Adjective: good, big, red, well, interesting Kata sifat (adjective): bagus, sedih, indah,

elok, jauh, baik, manis, malas, rajin, angkuh,

sombong

4 pronoun: I, you, he, she, someone Kata ganti (pronoun) : aku, saya, kami, kita,

engkau, kamu, Anda, kalian, dia.

5 Adverb: : quickly, silently, well, badly, very, really

 

Kata keterangan (Adverb): memang, pasti,

tentu, barangkali, mungkin, kiranya, rasanya,

agaknya

Both of English and Indonesia there is no differences in part of speech.

PART OF SPEECH

NO ENGLISH INDONESIAN

6 numeral: how many, first, second

 

Kata bilangan (numeral): dua, sebelas, tiga puluh

lima, seperempat

7 Preposition: to, at, after, on, but

 

Kata depan (Preposition): di, pada, dalam, atas,

antara, dari, daripada, ke, kepada

8 Conjunction: and, but, when Kata sambung (Conjunction) : dan, dengan,

serta, atau, tetapi, namun, sedangkan, tapi

9 Kata sandang (Article) : a, an, the, this, that,

these, those

Kata sandang (Article) : kah, lah, tah, pun, per

10 Kata seru (interjection) : oh!, , hi!, ,ouch! well! Kata seru (interjection) : ayo, mari

Morphologycal Process Part of Speech in English and Indonesian Language

Verbs

AdverbsAdjectiv

e

Noun

ENGLISH

Noun

INDONESIAN

Verb

Example

ENGLISH

1 Nouns Plural suffix : -s, -es House > Houses

Car > cars

2 Verbs Suffix : -s, -ed Learn > learned

Want > wants

3 Adjective Suffix : -er, -est Smart – Smater

Good – Best

4 Adverds Suffix : -ly Countinous > Continously

Perfect > Perfectly

INDONESIA

NO Part of speech infixation  Example :

1 Nouns - an makan – makanan

ke - an kesulitan

2 Verbs Me – an beri – memberikan

CONTRASTIVE OF PART OF SPEECH

DIFFERENTIATION

INDONESIA ENGLISH

Repetition of basic word

Additional –s, -es at “NOUN”

No tenses At Verb : There are present and past, future

At Verb : There are reguler and irreguler

Additional word “lebih” and “makin”

At adjective : to show superlative should be put morpheme –er –est, more, most

Addtional word “dengan”and “secara”

Additional morpheme suffixes -ly