the Cosmological Constant Problem
Roland TRIAYCentre de Physique Théorique CNRS
Université de Provence
Int. Journ. Mod. Phys. D 14,10,1667 (2005)
Nonlinear Cosmological Workshop - NCP (2006) Nice
the Cosmological Constant
• Observations• Geometrical Status• Modeling Gravitational Structures
“Einstein’s biggest blunder”Prelude
Observations - the 80thIn the past :•Dynamics of galaxies in clusters•Minimum age of the Universe
In the 80’s:Hubble diagram (QSOs, BCGs), VLSS (QSOs)(spatially) closed Universe
Observations - Nowadays
Nowadays : CMB temperature fluctuationsHubble diagram (SuperNovæ)
Observations-SNa
A.G. Riess etal astro-ph/0402512
Observations - Nowadays
A.V Filippenko astro-ph/0410609
Face to the -Problem
« The Cosmological Constant From the Viewpoint of String Th. » E. Witten 2000« The Cosmological Constant Problems » S. Weinberg 2000« The Cosmological Constant » S. Carrol 2000« The Case for a Positive Cosmological -term » V. Sahni, A. Starobinsky 2000« The Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy » P.J.E. Peebles, B. Ratra 2002« On the Casimir Energy Contribution to the Obs. Value of … » I.O Cherednikov 2002« The Cosmological Constant Problem » J. W. Moffat 2003« Cosmological Constant Weight of the Vacuum » T. Padmanabham 2003…
Status of - Geometry)
The gravitational field and its sources are characterized by
Schwarzschild solution - Newton approximation
Dimensional analysis of EE
Modeling gravitational structures
With : Gravitation becomes repulsive at “large” scale•No -effect in Solar neighborhood•Small effect in the outerpart of the Galaxy•Intervenes at the edge of LSC •Homogeneity scale
(Modified) Newton law
The cosmological Constant Problem
The contribution of quantum fluctuations
A similar problem happens when one assumes•Solar neighborhood•Primordial epoch ( Vacuum dominate expansion)
Another version of the Cosmological Constant Problem
Understanding the acceleration of the cosmological expansion
Rescaling !!!
Understanding Quantum Gravity !!!