The Crises of Morocco and the

Balkans

• Agenda:• Moroccan Crises• Algeciras• Agadir• Balkan Crises• Bosnia• 1st Balkan War• 2nd Balkan War

Moroccan Crises: France, Britain, Germany

1st Moroccan Crisis 1905-06

German test of new Entente Cordiale

French establishing control: Police Banks

Kaiser lands at Tangier

Speech for Independent Sultanate of Morocco

Demands: Conference

Resignation of Delcassé

Björko Agreement 1905: Russia/Germany - Failed

Short Lived German Success

Algeçiras Conference - 1906

Overwhelming German Failure

Germany only has Austria/MoroccoFrench have 9 nations support

Germany: Equal trading rights

French: Banks

French/Spanish: Police

Results of the treaty:

1911 Riots in Fez - French put them down

Second Moroccan Crisis - 1911

French violating Algeçiras (1906)

Kinderlen-WachterGerman Foreign Minister

Sends the Panther to Agadir

French ready to negotiate No Russian support

David Lloyd George: Chancellor of the Exchequer

"Not be treated where her interests were vitally affected as if

she were of no account"

Results:

British Prevent German from success

French establish Protectorate

(Secret Agreement in Entente Cordiale)

German get land in French Congo

South Slav Movement in Austria

Bosnia Crisis

3 Balkan Crises:

Second Balkan War

Lead up:

Want an independent state – Serbia

Croats/Slovenians – Roman Catholic

Serbian/Bosnians – Eastern Orthodox

First Balkan War

Bosnia Crisis 1908-1909

Young Turks revolt - Take over Ottoman EmpireEstablish Parliament Install seats for Bosnia/Bulgaria

Bulgaria and Crete win independence from OE

Meanwhile.... In Buchlau:

Russia agrees to Austrian annexation of Bosnia

Austria agrees to help Russian warships through Bosporous/Dardanelles

Austria annexes Bosnia/Herzegovina

Austria does not help Russia in the Straits

Russia moves toward French/English Ententes

First Balkan War: 19121911-1912 - Italy invades Libya

Embarrasses Ottoman Empire

Bulgaria sees an Opportunity

Marches down Balkan PeninsulaKnocking on Constantinople

Armistice with Turkey

1913 - Treaty of London

Turks give up Balkans except Bosporous/Dardanelles

Albania Set up

Great Power Issues of the First Balkan War

Austria: Fears strong Serbia, which occupies part of AlbaniaWants to make independent Albania Russia: Opposes independent Albania - Serbian InterestsConcerned about the fall of ConstantinopleAustrian Troops mobilized to Russian Border

Alliance System: Germany ready to back Austria Activate alliances

British will back France/Russia "Not remain neutral in conflict"

Second Balkan Crisis - July 1913

Bulgaria feels cheated - Begins marching west

Serbia threatened - Greece, Romania, and Ottoman Empire

Bulgaria Defeated

Treaty of Bucharest 1913

Increased territory of Serbia, Greece, Romania

Treaty of Constantinople - 1913

Ottoman Empire takes land back from Bulgaria

Second Balkan Crisis Results

Austria is the big loser

Serbia emerges stronger

has the backing of other Balkan nations