The Crusades

The Big Idea

•The pope called on Christian Crusaders to invade the Holy Land.

• Despite some initial success, the later Crusades failed.

• The Crusades changed Europe forever.

•Christian and Muslim cultures fought over control of the holy land.

•These wars were called Crusades- were a series of wars between Christians and Muslims

The Crusades Begin

•Took control of Palestine and Jerusalem, part of the Holy Land

•Attacked Christian pilgrims •Began to raid the Byzantine Empire

•Byzantine emperor asked the Pope for help

Muslims Turks

A Call to Arms•Pope Urban II called on Christians to help retake holy land

•Told Kings stop fighting each other and unite

•1000s of men joined Popes army

•Pope had approved the killing of all Muslims

•Sewed crosses onto clothing•The word crusade comes from

the Latin word for “marked with a cross.”

•Armies set out to Constantinople

First Crusade•Many died on the way •Successful, recaptured Jerusalem and other cities

•Divided land into four crusader states

Later Crusades Fail•Muslims began retaking land•European Kings planned more

crusades, but they failed•Poorly planned

•By 1291, Muslim armies had retaken the Holy Land

•Forgot crusade objective•Led by French knights•Needed money•Agreed to attack Christian cities, and Constantinople for payment

•Weakened Byzantine empire

Fourth Crusade

Effects of the Crusades• Trade increased between Europe and

Asia• Sparked the interest to travel new

lands• Kings and nobles increased their

power because many had died• Rising Christian hatred of Jews• Jews began to distrust Christians• Christian & Muslim relationship

changed, each viewed each other as a threat

Activities

• Clip: Crusades• Worksheet: The medieval

Church in pictographs• Crusaders map• Worksheet DBQ: Jews and the

crusades• Video the crusades • Bumper sticker for your horse• Read from book

Activity:

•Pretend you are Christian knight on your way to a crusade. Make a bumper sticker for your horse