STORMWATERSTORMWATERInformation for Information for
Master GardenersMaster Gardeners
Sandy Evans, RN, BA, MPH StudentSandy Evans, RN, BA, MPH Student
Walden UniversityWalden UniversityPUBH 6145-2PUBH 6145-2
Instructor: Donald J. Goodwin, DrPH, MSInstructor: Donald J. Goodwin, DrPH, MS Fall Quarter, 2009Fall Quarter, 2009
The Cycle of WaterThe Cycle of Water RainRain Rain makes our Rain makes our
gardens growgardens grow Unless there is too Unless there is too
much rain and not much rain and not enough sunenough sun
Then our plants rot Then our plants rot and crops mildewand crops mildew
Rain is StormwaterRain is Stormwater RainRain Stormwater Stormwater
According to the Washington According to the Washington State Department of State Department of Transportation, for every Transportation, for every inch of rain that falls on an inch of rain that falls on an acre of pavement, about acre of pavement, about 7,000 gallons of stormwater 7,000 gallons of stormwater is produced.is produced.
(Washington State Department of Transportation [WSDOT], 2008).
Nonpoint SourceNonpoint Source
RainRain Stormwater Stormwater Nonpoint Nonpoint
sourcesource
(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA], 2008b). (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA], 2008b).
Other ImpactsOther Impacts
LoggingLogging DebrisDebris
Other ContributorsOther Contributors
AgricultureAgriculture Urban runoffUrban runoff Sediment Sediment
SaltSalt Waste productsWaste products
(USEPA, 2008b).(USEPA, 2008b).
Chemical ComponentsChemical Components
FertilizersFertilizers
–NitrogenNitrogen
–PhosphorousPhosphorous PesticidesPesticides
(Center for Watershed Protection, EPA, USDA, USGS & State Governments, n.d.)(Center for Watershed Protection, EPA, USDA, USGS & State Governments, n.d.)
EffectsEffects
Contaminated drinking waterContaminated drinking water Damage to habitatDamage to habitat Unsafe recreational waterUnsafe recreational water
(USEPA, 2006; USEPA, 2008a; Washington State University Extension [WSU], Shore Stewards, 2003)
Stormwater is UbiquitousStormwater is Ubiquitous
A source of pollutionA source of pollution
A cause for concernA cause for concern
Managing Stormwater at HomeManaging Stormwater at Home
AssessmentAssessment LandscapingLandscaping Resource managementResource management
(McNeillan, & VanDerZanden, 2004; WSU, 2003)
Increasing PermeabilityIncreasing Permeability
Practice low impact developmentPractice low impact development–Make a planMake a plan
(McNeillan, & VanDerZanden, 2004; WSU, 2003).
Our PropertyOur Property
PermeabilityPermeability
–CompactionCompaction
–SealingSealing
(Pitt, Shen-En, Clark, Swenson & Choo, 2008) (Pitt, Shen-En, Clark, Swenson & Choo, 2008)
Increasing PermeabilityIncreasing Permeability
Remove invasive plantsRemove invasive plants– English ivyEnglish ivy– Non-native blackberriesNon-native blackberries
Plant and encourage native plantsPlant and encourage native plants– SnowberrySnowberry– SalalSalal
Fertilizers and PesticidesFertilizers and Pesticides
Cut back on chemicalsCut back on chemicals
(WSU, 2003; Bobbitt, et al, 2004).
Managing StormwaterManaging Stormwater
A valuable activityA valuable activity Good for the environmentGood for the environment Good for youGood for you
ResourcesResources
"After the Storm" from the EPA & The Weather Channel "After the Storm" from the EPA & The Weather Channel http://www.clu-in.org/search/t.focus/id/602/http://www.clu-in.org/search/t.focus/id/602/
““Gardening Resources” Gardening Resources” http://snohomish.wsu.edu/finalgardenresources.doc_files/finalgardenresources.http://snohomish.wsu.edu/finalgardenresources.doc_files/finalgardenresources.htmhtm
"Poisoned Waters" from PBS "Poisoned Waters" from PBS http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/poisonedwaters/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/poisonedwaters/
Snohomish Conservation District Snohomish Conservation District http://www.snohomishcd.org/http://www.snohomishcd.org/
““Surf Your Watershed” from the EPA Surf Your Watershed” from the EPA http://cfpub.epa.gov/surf/locate/index.cfmhttp://cfpub.epa.gov/surf/locate/index.cfm
ReferencesReferencesBobbitt, V., Fox, R., Kennell, H., Moulton, K., Pinyuh, G., and Robson, M. (2004).
Your yard and water quality. In T. Welch & M. Wingate (Eds.), Sustainable gardening (EM8742) (pp. 115-122). Oregon State University Extension Service and Washington State University Extension.
Center for Watershed Protection, EPA, USDA, USGS & State Governments. (n.d.). Removing pollutants from stormwater. In Stormwater authority.org. Retrieved from http://www.stormwaterauthority.org/pollutants/default.aspx
McNeillan, J. P. & VanDerZanden, A. M. (2004). Sustainable landscape design. In T. Welch & M. Wingate (Eds.), Sustainable gardening (EM8742) (pp. 455-472). Oregon State University Extension Service and Washington State University Extension.
Moeller, D. W. (2005). Environmental health (3rd ed.). Boston: Harvard University Press. ISBN: 978-0674014947
Pitt, R.& Clark, S. (2008). Integrated storm-water management for watershed sustainability. Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Engineering, 5, 548-555. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2008)134:5(548). Retrieved from http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JIDEDH000134000005000548000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes
South Carolina Forestry Commission. (n.d.). Timber harvesting. Retrieved from http://www.trees.sc.gov/rbth.htm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2003). After the storm (EPA Publication No. 833-B-03-002). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/weatherchannel/after_the_storm-read2.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2006). Who is responsible drinking water quality? In Ground Water & Drinking Water. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwh/who.html
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2007). Practices for Implementing Management Measures. In National management measures to control nonpoint source pollution from hydromodification. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/hydromod/pdf/Chapter_7_Practices_web.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2008a). Management measures for forestry - I. Introduction. In Polluted Runoff (Nonpoint Source Pollution). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/owow/NPS/MMGI/Chapter3/ch3-1.html
References References (continued)(continued)
References References (continued)(continued)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2008b). What is nonpoint source (NPS) pollution? (taken from EPA's Polluted brochure EPA-841-F-94-005, 1994). In Polluted Runoff (Nonpoint Source Pollution). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/qa.html
Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). (2008). 2008 Stormwater Report. Retrieved from http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/81B05C71-70D3-44EC-9E55-7226619FE1AD/0/2008StormwaterRpt.pdf
Washington State University Extension (WSU), Shore Stewards. (2003). Guide for shoreline living. Retrieved from http://www.nwstraits.org/uploadBibliography/Island_ShoreStewards.pdf
Photo creditsPhoto credits
Slide 2 – Microsoft (MS) Clip ArtSlide 2 – Microsoft (MS) Clip Art Slide 3 – MS Clip ArtSlide 3 – MS Clip Art Slide 4 – Sandy EvansSlide 4 – Sandy Evans Slide 5 – MS Clip ArtSlide 5 – MS Clip Art Slide 12 – MS Clip ArtSlide 12 – MS Clip Art