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R. P. Smith
The D0 Magnets
Shifter’s Tutorial
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Where are the Magnets?
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The D0 Magnets
Muon Toroids From Run I, modified
WAMUS Toroids: CF (||<1), EF(1<||<2.5) now electrically in series, Operating current reduced from 2500 to 1500 A (B from 1.9 to 1.8 T) to reduce operating costs
SAMUS Toroids (2.5<||<3.6) removed Elegant new control system Large Iron Forward Shields inserted in
SAMUS locations
Central Tracking Solenoid New for Run II
Superconducting 2T ~1 X0
Procured to Detailed Specification
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A Brand-new Control System for the Toroids
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Toroid Fields?
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Why Must I Degauss My Monitor Each time the Magnets are Charged?
DAB Location CF + Sol +, CF +
Catwalk, East End 1.9 2.0
Catwalk, West End 1.0 1.0
Catwalk, Solenoid Current Bus Housing 1.5 90
Catwalk, Top of UPS 1.6 2.5
Catwalk, On Beam Line 2.0
Ladder Top, Near Vending Machines 1.6 1.8
Third Floor Counting Room 1.5 2.0
Second Floor Counting Room 1.5 3.0
First Floor Counting Room 2.0 2.0
Third Floor Moveable Counting House 2.0
Second Floor Moveable Counting House 2.7 3.0
First Floor Moveable Counting House 2.0 2.0
Cable Winder outside Second Floor MCH 1.0
DAB 1 CleanRoom South Grill Door 2.0 3.0
DAB 1 CleanRoom Canvas West Wall 1.7 6.0
DAB 1 South Stairwell 1.5 1.5
DAB 1 North Stairwell 1.5
Control Dewar Platform 1.5 3.0
Control Dewar Frostproof Box 1.5 12.0
Control Dewar Current Buses 1.5 100
Assembly Pit South Safety Rope 2.0 7.0
Assembly Pit North Safety Rope 2.0 12.0
Fieldmapper Control Station 3.0
During Fieldmapping, in AH, no EF
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D0 Solenoid
What does it do? Where is it? When was it done? How does it work? Fieldmapping Unfinished Business
The D0 Solenoid
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Castilla at LaThuile
pT > 1.5 GeV &
J/J/ pT > 3.0 GeV > 3.0 GeV
SMT hits>3 & CFT hits>4
J/J/’s: 75,013’s: 75,013
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More LaThuile
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Yet More LaThuile
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And Filthaut at Moriond
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More Moriond
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Highlighting the Solenoid
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View During Run II Roll-in
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Upgrade Wish List
Requirements
Field: Good momentum and mass resolution with tracking: sagitta ~ BL2
B as high as prudent (Zeus = 1.8 T?) Transparent Must fit in r => 2T Geometry: Must fit and be radially thin.
2.8m long; 55 < R < 70cm; “No” Fe return yoke
Field Uniformity:Graded winding; higher current density at the coil ends (ala Zeus, Aleph)
Thin coil:
1 Xo of Al: Coil + bobbin, cryostat
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Central Field 2.0 TOperating Current 4820 ACryostat Warm Bore 1.067 mCryostat Length 2.729 mIntegrated Field Homogeneity +/- 0.005Stored Energy 5.6 MJInductance 0.48 HConductor High Purity Al StabilizedCooling Indirect, 2-phase forced flow
heliumCold Mass 1500 kg approxTransparency 0.9 Xo
Two winding layers with 1.3 J at ends for improved field homogeneity:
Two Conductor Sizes for 1.0 J, 1.3 J:
0.00
5000.00
10000.00
15000.00
20000.00
25000.00
0 15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315
Z (cm)
Gau
ss
Bz, r = 50.4
Bz, r = 10.2r1r2
14.7 x 4.02 14.7 x 5.33
What Is It?
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Technical Specifications
~ 1.47
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Technical Specifications
Plus seismic loadings, iron decentering, FNAL ES&H, etc., etc.
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Technical Specifications
And I= 105% for 8 Hrs
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When Was it Done?
D0/Fermilab Magnet Study Team Formed: 10/3/92 PAC Approval of D0 Upgrade w/ Magnetic Tracking: 7/27/93 Fermilab Review of Magnet Conceptual Design: 8/11/93 Fermilab Magnet Procurement Readiness Review: 12/13/93 SEB Formation: 2/23/94 AIP Approved 5/13/94 Final Draft Magnet Technical Design Report: 5/13/94 Director’s Review D0 Upgrade 5/27/94 SEB Report: 12/15/94 Subcontract Award to Toshiba 1/18/95 PDR 1 (at FNAL) 3/15/95 PDR 2 (at FNAL) 5/31/95 FDR 1 (at Keihin) 7/22/95 FDR 2 (at Keihin) 10/3/95 FDR 3 (at Keihin) 3/19/96 FPR 1 (at Keihin) 4/22/96 FPR 2 (at Keihin) 7/23/96 FPR 3 (at Keihin) 10/14/96 CD Test (at Keihin) 12/3/96 System Test (at Keihin) 2/26/97 Magnet System arrives at Fermilab 5/12/97 Magnet (+ Preshower Detector) Installed in Detector 6/16/98 Magnet at 2.0 T at FNAL 9/11/98
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Who Did It?
H. E. Fisk, R. P. Smith, R. Yamada (“ret”), M. Mostafa , K. Krempetz, R. Rucinski, D. Markley, R. Hance (ret), W. Jaskierney, Del Miller and crew, R. L. Schmitt, B. Squires, R. Fast(ret)
R. Kephart, A. Tollestrup, P. Martin, P. Mantsch, T. Nicol, J. Strait, R. Walker, R. Huite
Fermilab:
Toshiba: S. Mine, T. Kobayashi, K. Kimura, W. Odashima, H. Kozu, S. Ito
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QC Checking
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Fieldmapping at Keihin
Mapping at Batavia, 1998
Mapping at Keihin, 1997
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Delivery – Keihin to Batavia
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Solenoid Arrival at Fermilab, May 12, 1997
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Solenoid + “Obround” Chimney Segment
Ready for Installation of Preshower Detector
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Detail for Solenoid Cryo System
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Cryo Energization Permit
Energization System can charge Magnet iff Cryo Permit is Enabled, Accelerator
Permit Enabled
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Solenoid Energization System Control
Fast ( ~ 11 sec) Emergency Discharge: Quench Detected
Slow ( ~ 300 sec) Discharge: All Other
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Solenoid Protection System
Fast Dump
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D0 Solenoid Energization Control Console
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Fast Discharge Test (Causes Quench)
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Lower Field Joint Voltage Drops
Lower Joint Voltage Drop
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Magnet Current
Mic
rov
olt
s
Positive
Negative
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Solenoid in D0 Detector
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Fieldmapper MK II
Survey of the FieldMapper
z
Encoder
Laser Tracker
Homing positions
Mirror
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
-150 -50 50 150z [cm]
Ver
tica
l sa
g [m
m]
MK I
MK II
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Fieldmapper in Solenoid
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Fieldmapper Moving Arm with Hall Probes
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NIKHEF Hall Probes
“Outer” Probes
Inner Probes
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NIKHEF Inner Hall ProbesFNAL NMR Probes
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Typical NIKHEF Inner Probe Locator Strip with 3 Probes
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TOSCA 3D Model
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TOSCA Predictions ?
NMR (R = 53) = 20143 +/- 3
Hall Probes (same R) ~ 20130 +/- 10
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“Looks” OK
Br(HallProbe) = Brcos()+Bzsin()
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Not So Fast…
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How Do Hall Probes Work?
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HDHPW II
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Br Fix at Hand
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Some Fieldmapping Success
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Run II Operation
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D0 STAR
4 g/s = 114 l/hr
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Operating Stability ?
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6 Volt Fast Energization
0500
1000150020002500
300035004000
45005000
13:4
0:00
13:4
1:27
13:4
2:54
13:4
4:21
13:4
5:48
13:4
7:15
13:4
8:42
13:5
0:09
13:5
1:36
13:5
3:03
13:5
4:30
13:5
5:57
13:5
7:24
13:5
8:51
Time of Day
Am
per
es
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Kel
vin MAGCUR
TR3343H-T
TR3344H-T
TR3345H-T
6 Volt Fast Energization
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
13:4
0:0
0
13:4
1:2
4
13:4
2:4
8
13:4
4:1
2
13:4
5:3
6
13:4
7:0
0
13:4
8:2
4
13:4
9:4
8
13:5
1:1
2
13:5
2:3
6
13:5
4:0
0
13:5
5:2
4
13:5
6:4
8
13:5
8:1
2
13:5
9:3
6
Time of Day
Am
pere
s
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Kelv
in
MAGCUR
TR3330-T
TR3335-T
TR3333-T
Factory Tests at Toshiba
Conductor temperatures
Support cylinder temperatures
S end
N end
Center
S end
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Cooldown
Cooldown from 300 K to 4.5 K
Cooldown detail below 80 K
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Cooldown
Cooldown from 300 K to 4.5 K
Conductor Stabilizer
1
10
100
1000
10000
0100200300
Coil Temperature (K)
Re
sis
tiv
ity
Ra
tio
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Re
sis
tan
ce
(O
hm
s)
RRR
Res
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Precision Load Line via NMR
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First Fieldmapper Data at D0