THE DAILY LIFE IN ANCIENT GREECE: ANCIENT GREEK VESSELSThe alimentary habits of ancient Greeks was characterized the austerity, something that reflected the difficult conditions under which diexageto the Greek agricultural activity. Founding them it was the said “Mediterranean trinity”: wheat, oil and wine.Certain of the vessels that they used in order to they store wine and other humid and potable products they were: the crater, kylix, oinochoi, skyfos, psyktir, kyathos, ryto, the beetle, the sac and the acetabulum.VESSELS FOR KRASIKratiras (vessel)

The ancient Greeks drank their wine anamemigmeno with water, wine kekrammeno that is to say. Those who drank the wine extreme, net, they were named akratopotes, something proportional with current drunkard. The crater was the vessel, in which got involved the water and the wine and the word emanate from the kerannymi, that it means anamignyo.The crater has usually round body, wide orifice, heavy base and handholds amfipleyra. In general it is categorized in four types, from the form of body or handholds. The helical crater brings handholds amfipleyra in the form helix. The columnar crater brings handholds in columnar form and the kalykoschimos crater body in form of cartridge. The kodonoschimos crater has body in form anestrammenoy kodona. In the precocious period of melanomorfoy rythm was devised the skyfoeidis crater, with body in form of bowl, epipomatio and tall support.

Types

Helical crater

Distinguishable neck, heavy support and two handholds in the form spiral that is extended by the shoulder of vessel until cheili. The form was imported peri 575 B.C., even if the melanomorfa samples are infrequent and it was developed afterwards the end of 6th B.C. ai. the particular press they preferred the laboratories of Apoylias, Greek colony in the Southerner Italy.

Kionotos crater

The particular press is distinguished for the round body, the distinguishable neck with firm orifice and verge and heavy support. Each handhold is constituted by a pair of cylindric stalks that leads to horizontal member, linked in verge. This form passed in the production from first half 6th century B.C. and was also maintained up to third fourth 5th ai. B.C., therefore lost his popularity. The decorative scene is usually developed in the body. The verge brings occasionally melanomorfi thiriomorfiki zoforo. The decor is simple and in the neck is distinguished caliciform patterns. The usual height of particular press they are 40-50 Mill.

Kalykoschimos crater

Cartridge is named the part of flower that is constituted from sepala and protects the flower. The kalykoschimos crater is characterized by deep body with the more inferior department of convex, and the superior lightly concave. It brings heavy support and handholds placed in the top of more inferior department, that kyrtonontai to above.

Kodonoschimos crater The particular type of vessel has kodonoschimo body with curves handholds, that are placed tally in the body and are bent lightly to above and heavy support. Certain precocious samples echoys curves handholds but ears. The particular press was imported after the beginning of erythromorfis technique and was preferred particularly after the means the fifth eg century. The decorative scene apotypontai in the body and the decoration she is very simple. The height varies from 40-50 Mill.

Skyfoeidis craterThe body of particular press is round bowl with small handholds, conical epipomatio with tall bump and tall base. This form was preferred only in the premature melanomorfi period. The epipomatio (cover), the body and the base are diakosmimeni and usually protimoyntai zoforoi with thiriomorfikes representations. The usual height of particular press is the 1 m.

Kylix

Η κύλιξ ήταν ένα είδος κούπας στην αρχαία Ελλάδα, την οποία χρησιμοποιούσαν κυρίως για να πίνουν κρασί. Οι κύλικες ήταν πλατιά και

ρηχά κύπελλα με δυο λαβές τοποθετημένες αντιδιαμετρικά στο χείλος τους. Ο πάτος τους ήταν σχεδόν επίπεδος και αποτελούσε την κύρια επιφάνεια για ζωγραφικές παραστάσεις. Οι κύλικες εμφανίστηκαν κατά τον 6ο αιώνα π.Χ.

και ήταν σε μεγάλη χρήση στην κλασσική περίοδο, αλλά αργότερα (στα ελληνιστικά χρόνια) άρχισαν να αντικαθιστώνται από τον σκύφο.

OinochoiOinochoi is a jug for the discharge of wine that was used in antiquity. Its name is a complex word from wine and cheo. The name is applied for the particular press, thus as it is answered in each philological testimonies.

SkyfosSkyfos it was good of ancient Greek vessel, a type wide (“eyrystomoy”) glass with two handholds (“binaural”), that were manufactured proportionally the economic force of holder, that is to say from timber or clay, (ceramic) or from noble metal silver or gold.

Psyktir (vessel)Attic melanomorfos psyktiras that portrays the departure of warrior, per. 525-500 P.K.E. Louvre, No of exhibit F 319.Psyktiras in the ancient Greek ceramics it is a vessel in form of mushroom, hollow up to his level base, that was used for the refrigeration of wine. They was usually placed in a bigger vessel, a kalykoto crater, that contained cool water. Various forms of vessels for the refrigeration of wine were used also older. Psyktires of however particular form protokataskeyastikan from the Pioneers of erythromorfoy rythm round 520 B.C., obviously in combination with the kalykoto crater, a form that protochrisimopoiise backward Exikias round 530 B.C. and established little later Eyfronios. The use psyktiron did not keep more than two generations: from 460 B.C. roughly and afterwards stop so much the production psyktiron from the potters what their depiction in the angiography.

RytoRyto plith. ryta from ancient Greek ῥyton is container for potable liquids or choes at the duration of relative rituals. Listed in Greece afterwards the Persian wars ryta they were

known in the ancient Persia, where they were named takoyk. In the typology of vessel they belong characteristically as the open orifice and the apenture near the seabed that probably was useful in the diffusion of liquid.

BeetleThe beetle is good of ancient Greek vessel with body of form of glass with vertical handhold amfipleyra, connected with verge of vessel and with high kampylomeni handhold in the above part. As utensile he is connected with the adoration of god Dionsysoy, and constitutes his symbol. At the later classic and hellenistic season his use is also met also in the daily life, while he remains connected with the bravery, the men's leaf and the adoration of deads. The bigger beetles that were found have height until 50 hundredth and they were placed on graves. Beetles are portrayed also in lively and Atticas angiographies, in the hand of dead, the god Dionysos, or his somebody of session.

Stocking vessels

Certain of the vessels that they used in order to they store their foods they were: the amforeas, peliki, boiler, pithos, ydria and stamnos.

AmphoraWith the term amphora is meant a vessel with obal body with vertical handhold amfipleyra. It was occasionally used for the storage of wine and oil. The name amforeys emanates from the adverb amfi and the verb ferein. The amphoras were devised in

ancient Greece and were adopted by the Romen as main means of transport and storage of wine, oil, olive-crop, cerials, fishes k.a.

TypesThe more basic types which are answered in the typology of amphoras of classic period are below:Amphora of type NolaThe amphora Nola brings distinguishable neck, handholds and constant, heavy support. His name emanates from the archaeological place in which were found a lot of amphoras of his type.

Oxypythmenos amphoraIt is distinguished for his circular body, the heavy orifice, the cylindric in section handholds and a small bump anti base. Probably it abutted in special support. It was painted or with the erythromorfi or melanomorfi technique, even if his production is limited in first half 5th ai. B.C. their dimensions reached 50-60 mill. height.

Panathinaikos amphoraThe Panathinaikos amphora is distinguished for his wide body the distinguishable neck with the heavy orifice, for the cylindric handholds in their section and his small support. It was used as reward in the fights of Panathinaion that were carried out each four years and it contained oil from the olives of Academy.

Nikostheneios AmphoraNikostheneios amphora Ooeides body with tall neck, a wide handhold from each side and wide base. It was imported by Nikostheni roughly 530 B.C. It was painted or with the erythromorfi or melanomorfi technique, but was disappearred in the beginnings of 5th ai. B.C. Smaller in size, his dimension as for the height it did not exceed the 30 mill. roughly.

Platysomos amphora (belly)Platysomos amphora is distinguished for the obal body with continuous profile from cheili until the leg and the two handholds. It is categorized in press A when it has level handholds, in press B when it has cylindric handholds and in press G when have rounded verge and cylindric handholds. Press B is oldest, was presented in first half the sixth century, and press G was preferred by the painters erythromorfon. The decorative scene was impressed in the body and a radial provision adorned the most minimum department of body. Leaves of ivy decorated the handhold of press A, while anthemia in form lotoy protimoyntan by the painters of melanomorfis technical as kornizoma the central picture. Certain painters that used the erythromorfi technique, painted only maiandrikes provisions on the line of base.

Amphora of transportBig amphora that was used mainly for transport of wine. He is oxypythmenos and enough tall. The reason for which was used the present form is probably his facility of storage concerning the amphoras that allocate big base.

PelikiPeliki it was type of ancient Greek vessel. We developed in the laboratories of Attica of pottery and were also propagated in other parts of Greece.It differs from the amphora and stamno. As for the amphora it has wider base and wider abdomen in the down half of vessel. As the amphora has two cheirolabes. The orifice was open, without lid and with fardy opening.Protoparoysiastike 6th century B.C. in the laboratories of pioneers.

PithosBig aotos pithos. Oxypythmenos, oblong, with cylindric neck and peplatysmeno verge. In the passage from the neck in the body, it brings embossed schoinoeides jewel.

Ydria (vessel)

With the term Ydria is meant vessel of ancient Greek ceramics with ooeides body, distinguishable neck and round orifice. It brought vertical handhold in the shoulder, that was used for transport and two horizontal handholds in the sides, that were used for elevation. The name “Ydria” etymologeitai by water, that is to say modern Greek water.However the ancient Greeks did not use the vessels only for transport and storage of inmates and ygron.Ta used also on funerals and ceremonies but also on perfumes and on the marriage.

Vessels for funerals and teletes.

KernosKernos it was ancient Greek vessel that was used in Eleysinia Mysteries for the ierotelestiki sacrifice of inmates. Usually it was constituted by the mainly body, in which it was anartimena koypakia, in that bazan fruits, meat and other sacrifices, which they consumed faithful afterwards the ritual. Kernoi they were also found in Crete, in the palace of Malion. Discoveries are exposed today in Louvre, as well as in the Archaeological Museum in Irakleios.

LIKYTHOSLikythos it is type of Greek pottery in that they were useful for the placement of olive oil. It is constituted by a narrow body, a thin and long neck and a handhold that connects the neck with the body. Were useful for the placement of olive oil in the grave anypandron nekron.I likythos they were also used also in ceremonies of marriage.

ArtistryThe representations that they had were often scenes of daily activities or rituals. They were often useful in funeral rituals, and giayto had also depictions of funeral rituals, scenes of loss, separation or even departure. The apeikoniseis these are usually summarizing and frugal in the appearance. The decoration of ceramic vessel is constituted by soft red and black colour. It is believed that this colours emanate from the season of coper, but protochrisimopoiithikan 530 B.C. in Athens.

Kalpis (vessel)With the term kalpis is meant vessel with round body, three handholds and continuous curve from cheili, elements that be founded also the basic characteristics of vessel. The name kalpis appears to have the same meaning with that ydrias, even if the modern research uses also him for other forms. The production of particular vessel was continuous, from the end of 6th ai. until the end of erythromorfoy rythm.The decorative scene is impressed in the body, more seldom in frame. The dimensions vary as for the height from 30-60 Mill.

PerirrantirioPerirrantirio (peri + ῥainein) it was ancient Greek vessel that was useful in the adorations as reservoir of agiasmenoy water. It was manufactured from carved Stone, marble and more seldom from cooked clay. Externally it was diakosmimeno with three or four feminine forms that kept him, while him we seldom meet also with high poda. It has been found in various holy. It should not it is confused with loytirio.

Vessels for perfumes and for the marriage

EpinitronEpinitron (differently onos) it was in the antiquity a imikylindriko utensile that placed the women in the thigh, and which you cover and the knee, in order to xanoyn the gnesmeno already wool.Epinitra that have been found they are emanated from graves and holily Attica, Viotia, Eretrias and Rhodes and they are dated by the means 6th up to the end of 5th B.C. of century. They are earthen, it is speculated however that these did not have practical use but prosferan as nuptial gifts in the bride or constituted kterismata in dead women while what chrismopoioyntan it was manufactured mainly by timber, metal or certain other harder matter. In the sides, in small zoforoys, other had melanomorfes scenes from the mythology and other erythromorfes representations from the daily domestic life of women. Certain in the point that covers the knee they had a embossed feminine head, likely Aphrodite

AlabasterAs alabaster in the art and the archaeology is meant vessel with tall body and small orifice. Usually it does not allocate handhold, even if occasionally it has small holes or ears for his transport. The name alabaster emanates probably from Egyptian word a la Mpast, that means “container of Empast” (view). The alabaster was used by women, mainly for the storage aromatic olive grove, as it is at least testified in the angiographic scenes. It was imported at the dues of 6th B.C. of century and it was disappearred by the limelight at the dues of 5th B.C. ai. the scene that decorates the vessel covers perimetrically the body, while sometimes he is adorned only with anthemio. His height varies from 15-20 Mill

THE DOMESTIC UTENSILESIn the antiquity, the citizens did not have piroynia.Etrogan with their fingers and gi'ayto they had the habit to wash essentially their hands before his each dinner, during and after each serbirisma.Antithetos, they used koytalia.Anaferetai that in the rich dinners existed spoons of various forms, trapezomantila and towels.The containers and their dishes were pilina.To olive oil and the wine stored him in order to him they transport in tally earthen containers, the amphoras.Other utensiles that are reported that had ancient are bottles of many uses, ceramic mortars that were gi'aytoys as the current blender that milled their foods, wooden ladles, knives, brassy graters that used him in order to they rub the cheese and the vegetables and jugs that proportionally the economic situation of each one could be from ceramic, from glass, from bronze or from silver.Still for the cooking of their foods they had brassy saucepans and strainers where they had in utmost their hole in order to they hang him.