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1 March 6, 2014 March 6, 2014 SITS Conference SITS Conference Speaker: Allen Dvorak Speaker: Allen Dvorak
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The Day of The Day of AtonementAtonement
March 6, 2014March 6, 2014
SITS ConferenceSITS Conference
Speaker: Allen DvorakSpeaker: Allen Dvorak
The Day of The Day of AtonementAtonement
March 6, 2014March 6, 2014
SITS ConferenceSITS Conference
Speaker: Allen DvorakSpeaker: Allen Dvorak
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The Day of AtonementThe Day of Atonement
Culmination of the Sacrificial systemCulmination of the Sacrificial systemCulmination of the Sacrificial systemCulmination of the Sacrificial system
3
• 10th day of the 7th month (Tisri)• “A Sabbath of solemn rest” (Leviticus 16:31)• Only annual fast required by law• Beginning of the Year of Jubilee• Involved: (Leviticus 16; Numbers 29):
• Burnt offerings• Sin offerings• Grain & drink offerings
3
Outline, p. 109
Interesting Facts
4
The RitualThe Ritual
4
• The preparation of the priest• The killing of the sacrifices• The presentation of the blood of the sacrifices• The cleansing of the sanctuary and the altar• The sending away of the scapegoat• The burnt offerings• The disposal of the bodies of the sacrifices
• The preparation of the priest• The killing of the sacrifices• The presentation of the blood of the sacrifices• The cleansing of the sanctuary and the altar• The sending away of the scapegoat• The burnt offerings• The disposal of the bodies of the sacrifices
Outline, p. 110
5
Ark of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the Covenant
Altar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of Incense
Table of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of Showbread
LampstandLampstandLampstandLampstand LaverLaverLaverLaver Altar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt Offerings
The TabernacleThe Tabernacle
Outline, p. 110 The preparation of the priestThe preparation of the priest
6
Ark of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the Covenant
Altar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of Incense
Table of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of Showbread
LampstandLampstandLampstandLampstand Altar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt Offerings
The TabernacleThe Tabernacle
Outline, p. 110
LaverLaverLaverLaver
The killing of the sacrifice (bull)The killing of the sacrifice (bull)
Exodus 27:20–21 (ESV)20 “You shall command the people of Israel that they bring to you pure beaten olive oil for
the light, that a lamp may regularly be set up to burn. 21 In the tent of meeting, outside the veil that is before the
testimony, Aaron and his sons shall tend it from evening to morning before the Lord. It shall be a statute forever to be observed throughout their generations by the people of
Israel.
Exodus 27:20–21 (ESV)20 “You shall command the people of Israel that they bring to you pure beaten olive oil for
the light, that a lamp may regularly be set up to burn. 21 In the tent of meeting, outside the veil that is before the
testimony, Aaron and his sons shall tend it from evening to morning before the Lord. It shall be a statute forever to be observed throughout their generations by the people of
Israel.
7
Ark of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the Covenant
Altar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of Incense
Table of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of Showbread
LampstandLampstandLampstandLampstand Altar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt Offerings
The TabernacleThe Tabernacle
Outline, p. 110
LaverLaverLaverLaver
2) The presentation of the blood (bull)2) The presentation of the blood (bull)
1) The “clouding” of the Most Holy Place
1) The “clouding” of the Most Holy Place
8
Ark of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the Covenant
Altar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of Incense
Table of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of Showbread
LampstandLampstandLampstandLampstand Altar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt Offerings
The TabernacleThe Tabernacle
Outline, p. 111
LaverLaverLaverLaver
2) The presentation of the blood (goat)2) The presentation of the blood (goat)
1) The casting of lots on the goats
(Lev. 16:7)
1) The casting of lots on the goats
(Lev. 16:7)
9
Ark of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the Covenant
Altar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of Incense
Table of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of Showbread
LampstandLampstandLampstandLampstand Altar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt Offerings
The TabernacleThe Tabernacle
Outline, p. 111
LaverLaverLaverLaver
The cleansing of the sanctuary and the altarThe cleansing of the sanctuary and the altar
10
Ark of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the Covenant
Altar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of Incense
Table of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of Showbread
LampstandLampstandLampstandLampstand Altar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt Offerings
The TabernacleThe Tabernacle
Outline, p. 111
LaverLaverLaverLaver
1) The confession of sins1) The confession of sins
2) The sending away of the scapegoat2) The sending away of the scapegoat
11
Outline, p. 112
“Indeed vss 21 and 22 state that this goat is to bear away the sin of the people. Such a ritual would
illustrate vividly the physical removal of defilement from the camp to a solitary place where it would no longer infest the nation. A parallel to the scapegoat can be seen in the ritual for a recovered leper. Two birds were selected. One was to be killed and both
the leper and the living bird were to be touched with its blood. Then the living bird was released. This bird
carried away the evil, the leprosy itself, into the open field and then the leper was pronounced clean
(Lev 14:1–9).”
Schultz, TWOT, p. 658
12
Outline, p. 112
“The one goat which was ‘for Jehovah’ was offered as a sin-offering, by which
atonement was made. But the sins must also be visibly banished, and therefore
they were symbolically laid by confession on the other goat, which was then ‘sent away for Azazel’ into the wilderness.”
Easton, Easton’s Bible Dictionary, “Azazel”
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Ark of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the Covenant
Altar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of Incense
Table of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of Showbread
LampstandLampstandLampstandLampstand Altar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt Offerings
The TabernacleThe Tabernacle
Outline, p. 113
LaverLaverLaverLaver
The burnt offeringsThe burnt offerings
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Ark of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the CovenantArk of the Covenant
Altar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of IncenseAltar of Incense
Table of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of ShowbreadTable of Showbread
LampstandLampstandLampstandLampstand Altar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt OfferingsAltar of Burnt Offerings
The TabernacleThe Tabernacle
Outline, p. 113
LaverLaverLaverLaver
The disposal of the bodies of the sin sacrificesThe disposal of the bodies of the sin sacrifices
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The Ritual: First Century ChangesThe Ritual: First Century Changes
• 7 days of preparation for the high priest
• Kept in the temple
• Sprinkled on the 3rd and 7th days...just in case!
• A deputy was appointed
• The killing of the scapegoat
• Ten booths set up
• The goat was pushed off of a precipice.
Outline, p. 113-115
“Leviticus 16 does not give us a complete guide to the ceremonies of the Day of Atonement. The main outline is clear and we may well
argue that everything that is needed is said here. But it would not be possible to go through all the ritual with nothing more to guide us than the directions given in this chapter and the gaps might conceivably be
filled in more ways than one. To cite one small example, the high priest is directed to take a censer full of burning coals into the Holy of Holies together with incense with which to make a cloud of smoke (Lv. 16:12). But there is no direction about taking it out. Did censers pile up in the Holy of Holies from year to year? Did the high priest remove last
year’s censer when he took this year’s in? Or did he take his censer out at a later point in the day’s activities? There is no indication. The main points are quite clear and there would have been no difficulty in filling in the gaps by customary procedures. All that I am saying is that
there were gaps.” (Morris, The Atonement: Its Meaning and Significance, 74)
16
Outline, p. 115
17
AtonementAtonement
Outline, p. 115
• Atonement is associated with purification or cleansing in a cause-and-effect relationship.
• Atonement is associated with purification or cleansing in a cause-and-effect relationship.
Leviticus 16:16–19 (ESV)16 Thus he shall make atonement for the Holy Place, because of the uncleannesses of the people of Israel and because of their transgressions, all their sins. And so he shall do for the tent of meeting,
which dwells with them in the midst of their uncleannesses. 17 No one may be in the tent of meeting from the time he enters to make atonement in the Holy Place until he comes out and has made atonement for himself and for his house and for all the assembly of Israel. 18 Then he shall go out to the
altar that is before the Lord and make atonement for it, and shall take some of the blood of the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it on the horns of the altar all around. 19 And he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it
with his finger seven times, and cleanse it and consecrate it from the uncleannesses of the people of Israel.
Leviticus 16:16–19 (ESV)16 Thus he shall make atonement for the Holy Place, because of the uncleannesses of the people of Israel and because of their transgressions, all their sins. And so he shall do for the tent of meeting,
which dwells with them in the midst of their uncleannesses. 17 No one may be in the tent of meeting from the time he enters to make atonement in the Holy Place until he comes out and has made atonement for himself and for his house and for all the assembly of Israel. 18 Then he shall go out to the
altar that is before the Lord and make atonement for it, and shall take some of the blood of the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it on the horns of the altar all around. 19 And he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it
with his finger seven times, and cleanse it and consecrate it from the uncleannesses of the people of Israel.
18
AtonementAtonement
Outline, p. 115
Leviticus 16:30 (ESV)For on this day shall atonement be made for you to cleanse you. You shall be clean before the Lord from all your sins.
Leviticus 16:30 (ESV)For on this day shall atonement be made for you to cleanse you. You shall be clean before the Lord from all your sins.
• Atonement is associated with purification or cleansing in a cause-and-effect relationship.
• Atonement is associated with purification or cleansing in a cause-and-effect relationship.
• Atonement was not always accomplished through blood.• Atonement was not always accomplished through blood.
Exodus 30:15–16 (ESV)15 The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less, than the half shekel, when you give the Lord’s offering to make atonement for your lives. 16 You shall take the atonement money from the
people of Israel and shall give it for the service of the tent of meeting, that it may bring the people of Israel to remembrance before the Lord, so as to
make atonement for your lives.”
(See also Numbers 16:46-47)
Exodus 30:15–16 (ESV)15 The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less, than the half shekel, when you give the Lord’s offering to make atonement for your lives. 16 You shall take the atonement money from the
people of Israel and shall give it for the service of the tent of meeting, that it may bring the people of Israel to remembrance before the Lord, so as to
make atonement for your lives.”
(See also Numbers 16:46-47)
19
• The basic meaning of the Hebrew verb translated “to make atonement” (kapar) is “to cover.”
• Atonement and forgiveness are not the same thing.
Outline, p. 116
The English word “atonement” does not appear in the New Testament in either the NKJV or the ESV.
Atonement DefinedAtonement Defined
Leviticus 4:20 (ESV)Thus shall he do with the bull. As he did with the bull of the sin offering, so shall he do with this. And the priest shall make
atonement for them, and they shall be forgiven.
Leviticus 4:26 (ESV)And all its fat he shall burn on the altar, like the fat of the sacrifice of peace offerings. So the priest shall make atonement for him for
his sin, and he shall be forgiven.
20
• The basic meaning of the Hebrew verb translated “to make atonement” (kapar) is “to cover.”
• Atonement and forgiveness are not the same thing.
Outline, p. 118
The English word “atonement” does not appear in the New Testament in either the NKJV or the ESV.
Atonement DefinedAtonement Defined
SummaryAtonement provided that which was required for cleanness/purification. Atonement provided that which was
required for forgiveness.
SummaryAtonement provided that which was required for cleanness/purification. Atonement provided that which was
required for forgiveness.
21
Outline, p. 118
Forgiveness at the Point of Sacrifice?Forgiveness at the Point of Sacrifice?
A Sticky Wicket Indeed!A Sticky Wicket Indeed!
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• “...and he shall be forgiven”• Lev. 4:20, 26, 31, et. al.
• Granted on the basis of the sacrifice of Jesus• Revelation 13:8 (NKJV) - “the Lamb
slain from the foundation of the world”
• Romans 3:25• God passed over former sins in the
sense that He forgave the sinners even though no availing sacrifice had yet been offered.
Outline, p. 118
Forgiveness at the Point of Sacrifice?Forgiveness at the Point of Sacrifice?
AffirmativeAffirmative NegativeNegative
• “...and he shall be forgiven”• Forgiveness later, but not immediately
• Romans 3:25• God passed over former sins in the
sense that He did not punish the sinners, even though the sins were not actually forgiven.
• The blood of bulls and goats cannot take away sins (Heb. 10:4).• Note: This passage speaks to the
means of forgiveness, not the time.
Ultimately the means of forgiveness of sins is the sacrifice of Jesus, regardless of when forgiveness was extended.The animal
sacrifices represented obedient faith, the condition to be met by the sinner to be forgiven.
Ultimately the means of forgiveness of sins is the sacrifice of Jesus, regardless of when forgiveness was extended.The animal
sacrifices represented obedient faith, the condition to be met by the sinner to be forgiven.
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• “...and he shall be forgiven”• Lev. 4:20, 26, 31, et. al.
• Granted on the basis of the sacrifice of Jesus• Revelation 13:8 (NKJV) - “the Lamb
slain from the foundation of the world”
• Romans 3:25• God passed over former sins in the
sense that He forgave the sinners even though no availing sacrifice had yet been offered.
Outline, p. 119
Forgiveness at the Point of Sacrifice?Forgiveness at the Point of Sacrifice?
AffirmativeAffirmative NegativeNegative
• “...and he shall be forgiven”• Forgiveness later, but not immediately
• Romans 3:25• God passed over former sins in the
sense that He did not punish the sinners, even though the sins were not actually forgiven.
• The blood of bulls and goats cannot take away sins (Heb. 10:4).• Note: This passage speaks to the
means of forgiveness, not the time.
The question of whether or not atonement can be accomplished at one point in time and forgiveness extended later is relevant to the sacrifice of
Christ as well inasmuch as Jesus made atonement centuries ago, yet forgiveness is extended to the obedient believer at the point of water
baptism.
The question of whether or not atonement can be accomplished at one point in time and forgiveness extended later is relevant to the sacrifice of
Christ as well inasmuch as Jesus made atonement centuries ago, yet forgiveness is extended to the obedient believer at the point of water
baptism.
2424
Outline, p.
The ScapegoatThe Scapegoat
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• The word appears only 4x in the OT - all in Lev. 16• Possible meanings:
• Etymological• “Entire removal”• “goat of departure”
• Location: “separations”• An evil spirit or desert demon
• Reference in apocryphal book (Enoch)• Another name for Satan
• The word appears only 4x in the OT - all in Lev. 16• Possible meanings:
• Etymological• “Entire removal”• “goat of departure”
• Location: “separations”• An evil spirit or desert demon
• Reference in apocryphal book (Enoch)• Another name for Satan
Outline, p. 112-113
AzazelAzazel
“The form of this word indicates intensity, and therefore signifies the total separation of sin: it was wholly carried away. It was important that the result of the sacrifices offered by the high priest alone in the sanctuary should be embodied in a visible
transaction, and hence the dismissal of the ‘scape-goat.’ It was of no consequence what became of it, as the whole import of the
transaction lay in its being sent into the wilderness bearing away sin. As the goat ‘for Jehovah’ was to witness to the demerit of sin and the need of the blood of atonement, so the goat ‘for Azazel’
was to witness to the efficacy of the sacrifice and the result of the shedding of blood in the taking away of sin.”
-- Easton, Easton’s Bible Dictionary, “Azazel”
26
Outline, p. 119
The Real behind the
Shadow
The Real behind the
Shadow
27
Outline, p. 119
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
The priest had to offer sacrifices for himself as well as for the people.
Leviticus 16:6 (ESV)“Aaron shall offer the bull as a sin offering for himself and shall make atonement for himself and for his house.Leviticus 16:6 (ESV)“Aaron shall offer the bull as a sin offering for himself and shall make atonement for himself and for his house.
Hebrews 5:1–3 (ESV)1 For every high priest chosen from among men is appointed to act on behalf of men in relation to God, to offer gifts and
sacrifices for sins. 2 He can deal gently with the ignorant and wayward, since he himself is beset with weakness. 3 Because of this he is obligated to offer
sacrifice for his own sins just as he does for those of the people.
Hebrews 5:1–3 (ESV)1 For every high priest chosen from among men is appointed to act on behalf of men in relation to God, to offer gifts and
sacrifices for sins. 2 He can deal gently with the ignorant and wayward, since he himself is beset with weakness. 3 Because of this he is obligated to offer
sacrifice for his own sins just as he does for those of the people.
Hebrews 7:27 (ESV)He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins and then for those of the people, since he did this
once for all when he offered up himself.
Hebrews 7:27 (ESV)He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins and then for those of the people, since he did this
once for all when he offered up himself.
28
Outline, p. 119
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
The high priest entered into the presence of God.
Leviticus 16:11 (ESV)“Aaron shall present the bull as a sin offering for himself, and shall make atonement for himself and for his house. He
shall kill the bull as a sin offering for himself.
Leviticus 16:11 (ESV)“Aaron shall present the bull as a sin offering for himself, and shall make atonement for himself and for his house. He
shall kill the bull as a sin offering for himself.
Hebrews 9:11–12 (ESV)11 But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not made with hands, that is, not of this creation) 12 he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by
means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption.
Hebrews 9:11–12 (ESV)11 But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not made with hands, that is, not of this creation) 12 he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by
means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption.
Hebrews 9:24 (ESV)For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to
appear in the presence of God on our behalf.
Hebrews 9:24 (ESV)For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to
appear in the presence of God on our behalf.
29
Outline, p. 119
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
The Day of Atonement reminded people of the ineffectual nature of animal sacrifices.
Leviticus 16:15 (ESV)“Then he shall kill the goat of the sin offering that is for the people and bring its blood inside the veil and do with its blood as he did with the blood of the
bull, sprinkling it over the mercy seat and in front of the mercy seat.
Leviticus 16:15 (ESV)“Then he shall kill the goat of the sin offering that is for the people and bring its blood inside the veil and do with its blood as he did with the blood of the
bull, sprinkling it over the mercy seat and in front of the mercy seat.
Hebrews 10:1–4 (ESV)1 For since the law has but a shadow of the good things to come instead of the true form of these realities, it can never, by the same sacrifices
that are continually offered every year, make perfect those who draw near. 2 Otherwise, would they not have ceased to be offered, since the worshipers, having
once been cleansed, would no longer have any consciousness of sins? 3 But in these sacrifices there is a reminder of sins every year. 4 For it is impossible for the blood of
bulls and goats to take away sins.
Hebrews 10:1–4 (ESV)1 For since the law has but a shadow of the good things to come instead of the true form of these realities, it can never, by the same sacrifices
that are continually offered every year, make perfect those who draw near. 2 Otherwise, would they not have ceased to be offered, since the worshipers, having
once been cleansed, would no longer have any consciousness of sins? 3 But in these sacrifices there is a reminder of sins every year. 4 For it is impossible for the blood of
bulls and goats to take away sins.
Hebrews 7:19 (ESV)(for the law made nothing perfect); but on the other hand, a better hope is introduced, through which we draw near to God.
Hebrews 7:19 (ESV)(for the law made nothing perfect); but on the other hand, a better hope is introduced, through which we draw near to God.
30
Outline, p. 120
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
The tabernacle made with hands vs. the Real Tabernacle NOT made with hands.
Exodus 36-40 (ESV)
Hebrews 8:2 (ESV)a minister in the holy places, in the true tent that the Lord set up, not man.
Hebrews 8:2 (ESV)a minister in the holy places, in the true tent that the Lord set up, not man.
Hebrews 9:11 (ESV)But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not
made with hands, that is, not of this creation)
Hebrews 9:11 (ESV)But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not
made with hands, that is, not of this creation)
Hebrews 9:23–24 (ESV)23 Thus it was necessary for the copies of the heavenly things to be purified with these rites, but the heavenly things themselves with
better sacrifices than these. 24 For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself,
now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.
Hebrews 9:23–24 (ESV)23 Thus it was necessary for the copies of the heavenly things to be purified with these rites, but the heavenly things themselves with
better sacrifices than these. 24 For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself,
now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.
31
Outline, p. 120
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Goat and Calf - the animals offered on the Day of Atonement
Leviticus 16:3–5 (ESV)3 But in this way Aaron shall come into the Holy Place: with a bull from the herd for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering. 4 He shall put on the holy linen coat and shall have the linen undergarment on his body, and he shall tie the linen sash around his waist, and wear the linen turban; these are the holy garments. He shall
bathe his body in water and then put them on. 5 And he shall take from the congregation of the people of Israel two male goats for a sin offering, and one ram for a burnt offering.
Leviticus 16:3–5 (ESV)3 But in this way Aaron shall come into the Holy Place: with a bull from the herd for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering. 4 He shall put on the holy linen coat and shall have the linen undergarment on his body, and he shall tie the linen sash around his waist, and wear the linen turban; these are the holy garments. He shall
bathe his body in water and then put them on. 5 And he shall take from the congregation of the people of Israel two male goats for a sin offering, and one ram for a burnt offering.
Hebrews 9:12–13 (ESV)12 he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption. 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the
sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh,
Hebrews 9:12–13 (ESV)12 he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption. 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the
sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh,
Hebrews 10:4 (ESV)For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.
Hebrews 10:4 (ESV)For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.
32
Outline, p. 120
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
The bodies of sin sacrifices were burned outside the camp.
Leviticus 16:27 (ESV)And the bull for the sin offering and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the Holy Place, shall be carried outside the camp. Their skin and their flesh
and their dung shall be burned up with fire.
Leviticus 16:27 (ESV)And the bull for the sin offering and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the Holy Place, shall be carried outside the camp. Their skin and their flesh
and their dung shall be burned up with fire.
Hebrews 13:11–12 (ESV)11 For the bodies of those animals whose blood is brought into the holy places by the high priest as a
sacrifice for sin are burned outside the camp. 12 So Jesus also suffered outside the gate in order to sanctify the people through
his own blood.
Hebrews 13:11–12 (ESV)11 For the bodies of those animals whose blood is brought into the holy places by the high priest as a
sacrifice for sin are burned outside the camp. 12 So Jesus also suffered outside the gate in order to sanctify the people through
his own blood.
33
Outline, p. 120
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
The scapegoat bore the sins of the people to a remote area outside the camp.
Leviticus 16:21–22 (ESV)21 And Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, and confess over it all the iniquities of the people
of Israel, and all their transgressions, all their sins. And he shall put them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who is in readiness. 22 The goat shall bear all their
iniquities on itself to a remote area, and he shall let the goat go free in the wilderness.
Leviticus 16:21–22 (ESV)21 And Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, and confess over it all the iniquities of the people
of Israel, and all their transgressions, all their sins. And he shall put them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who is in readiness. 22 The goat shall bear all their
iniquities on itself to a remote area, and he shall let the goat go free in the wilderness.
Hebrews 13:13 (ESV)Therefore let us go to him outside the camp and bear the reproach he endured.
Hebrews 13:13 (ESV)Therefore let us go to him outside the camp and bear the reproach he endured.
34
Outline, p. 120
Leviticus 16:22 (ESV)The goat
shall bear all their iniquities on itself to a remote area, and he shall let
the goat go free in the wilderness.
TheScapegoat
Isaiah 53:6, 11, 12 (ESV)6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his
own way; and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all.
11 Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied; by his knowledge shall the
righteous one, my servant, make many to be accounted righteous, and he shall bear their
iniquities.12 Therefore I will divide him a portion with the
many, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he poured out his soul to death and was numbered with the transgressors; yet
he bore the sin of many, and makes intercession for the transgressors.
1 Peter 2:24 (ESV)He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. By his wounds you have
been healed.
35
• Jesus is our High Priest.• Hebrews 2:17; 4:14; 5:10; 7:26; 8:1-2; 9:11; 10:11-13
• Jesus is the offering for our sins.• Hebrews 7:27; 9:12-14, 26, 28; 10:10
• Jesus is the One who bears our sins.• Hebrews 9:28; 1 Peter 2:24 (same Greek verb in both
passages)
Outline, p. 121
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Connectionsbetween the Day of Atonement and Hebrews
Summarized...Summarized...
“In Christ are consummated all the atonement concepts of the OT.”
-- Schultz, TWOT, p. 658
“In Christ are consummated all the atonement concepts of the OT.”
-- Schultz, TWOT, p. 658
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Presentation of BloodPresentation of BloodPresentation of BloodPresentation of Blood Shedding of BloodShedding of BloodShedding of BloodShedding of Blood
Jesus’ WorkJesus’ Work
Outline, p.121
Presentation of Blood in Presentation of Blood in heaven itselfheaven itself
Presentation of Blood in Presentation of Blood in heaven itselfheaven itself
Blood shed on the Blood shed on the crosscross
Blood shed on the Blood shed on the crosscross
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Conclusions!!Conclusions!!
• The Day of Atonement emphasized:
• The seriousness of sin
• The holiness of God
• The privilege of man to enter the presence of God
• Animal sacrifices were inadequate
• We can “draw near” to the presence of God with confidence.
• The Day of Atonement emphasized:
• The seriousness of sin
• The holiness of God
• The privilege of man to enter the presence of God
• Animal sacrifices were inadequate
• We can “draw near” to the presence of God with confidence.
Outline, p. 121
