+ All Categories
Home > Documents > The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Date post: 27-Mar-2015
Category:
Upload: john-morales
View: 213 times
Download: 0 times
Share this document with a friend
Popular Tags:
34
The The Deep Lead Mines Deep Lead Mines of of BALLARAT BALLARAT
Transcript
Page 1: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

TheThe Deep Lead MinesDeep Lead Minesof of

BALLARATBALLARAT

Page 2: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

What does this image represent to you?

Page 3: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

And this?

Page 4: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Section 500 million years ago

Under the sea

Page 5: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Map 500 million years ago

Flat layers of sand and mud on the sea floor

Page 6: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Section 490 – 450 million years ago

Squeezing and folding - mountain building

Page 7: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Section 450-350 million years ago

Page 8: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Section 350 – 65 million years ago

Erosion

Page 9: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Map 65 million years ago -

Hills of 500 million year old rocks

Flat plain

Page 10: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

- drained by rivers

Page 11: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Section 65 – 3 million years

Lava flows

Lava flows

Vulcanism

Page 12: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Map 3 million years ago – west covered by lava

Page 13: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Today’s river system

Where is the ancient river system?

Page 14: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

WHERE’S THE GOLD

• In the youngest river system (Yarrowee River etc)

• In the quartz veins in the oldest rocks (Whitehorse Range, Black Hill) and buried under the lava flows of Ballarat West

• Widely spread in the old plains gravels (Golden Point, Poverty Point, Newington Gravels)

• Highly concentrated in the ancient river beds

Page 15: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

LEAD

Any mineral deposit formed by mechanical concentration

in the bed of a stream by water action

Page 16: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

SHALLOW LEAD

Any lead that is:-

• Not buried by younger rocks (sediment or lava)

• The course of the lead can be determined by the present topography

Page 17: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

DEEP LEAD

Any lead that is:-

• Buried by younger rocks (sediment or lava)

• The course of the lead cannot be determined by the present topography

NOTE. There is no qualification of depth

Page 18: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

30 metres

90 metres

40 metres

60 metres

110 metres75 metres

95 metres

Can

adia

n L

ead

Inkerman Lead

Golden Point Lead

Eureka LeadCosmopolitan

Cosmopolitan

Band and Albion No 2

Page 19: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Section across the Ballarat goldfield

Golden Point Lead Canadian Lead

Lava flowsSovereign Hill

Yarrowee River

Page 20: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Consols Lode

Drainage Direction

Page 21: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Ballarat Leads – Regional Context

Page 22: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

The Deep Lead Mines

of Ballarat

Page 23: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

The Pleasant Street

Group of Mines

Page 24: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Section through typical deep lead

Drill holeGutter Drift

Basalt

Bedrock

Page 25: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Sketch Plan and Long Section of Typical Deep Lead Mine

Page 26: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Sketch Section across Lead Showing Mine Workings

Page 27: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Plan of Deep Lead Working Method

Page 28: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Timbering of Wash Dirt Drives

Bedrock

Page 29: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Challenges to Deep Lead Mining

• Much water – extensive pumping necessary

• Basalts very hard – required blasting

• Deep sinking to reach lead

• Lead direction varied unpredictably

• Unstable ground in the wash dirt

Page 30: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

More Challenges

• Very long drives – ventilation often poor

• Very long drives – haulage issues

• Mines needed to be highly mechanised

• Large Capital Investment required

• Poor legislative environment

• Resource is finite, unlike quartz vein mining

Page 31: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Deep Lead Mining Issues

The Frontage Claim System

Page 32: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Advantages of Deep Lead Mining

• Gold concentration much higher per unit volume

• Wash Dirt required less processing than quartz ores to release the gold

Page 33: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?
Page 34: The Deep Lead Mines of BALLARAT. What does this image represent to you?

Recommended