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George Washington on Political Parties (p. 770)
“The disorders and miseries which result gradually incline the minds of men to seek security and repose in the absolute power of an individual; and sooner or later the chief of some prevailing faction, more able or more fortunate than his competitors, turns this disposition to the purposes of his own elevation, on the ruins of public liberty.
Without looking forward to an extremity of this kind (which nevertheless ought not to be entirely out of sight), the common and continual mischiefs of the spirit of party are sufficient to make it the interest and duty of a wise people to discourage and restrain it.
It serves always to distract the public councils and enfeeble the public administration. It agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot and insurrection. It opens the door to foreign influence and corruption, which finds a facilitated access to the government itself through the channels of party passions. Thus the policy and the will of one country are subjected to the policy and will of another. “
THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUE IN REGARDS TO POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE UNITED STATES
IS WHAT THE ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
SHOULD BE
History of Political Parties
Federalists 1789-1820 Democratic Republican 1796-1832 National Republican1828-1836 Democratic 1832-Present Whig 1834-1864 Republican 1856-Present P. 274
Two Party System History First two political
parties Federalists and Anti-Federalists
Founded over issues of role of federal government
Anti-Federalists turned into Democratic-Republicans
Federalists (1789-1820)- Adams, HamiltonDemocratic-Republicans (1796-1832)- Jefferson, Madison
Current Parties/Democratic Founded in support
of Andrew Jackson Believed in small
government A break-away from
the Democratic-Republicans
Current Parties/Republicans Founded from
failed anti-slavery parties
Aimed to end slavery by using a larger federal government
First President Elected › Abraham Lincoln
The Switch Election of 1912
› Teddy Roosevelt runs as independent against former VP Taft
› Progressive (liberal) Republicans leave party for Roosevelt
› Join Democrats in 1916 under liberal Wilson
The Switch Civil Rights
› President Johnson stops state sponsored segregation
› Pro-segregation Democrats leave party for Republicans
The Symbol of the Democratic Party is?
The donkey is neither a horse nor a mule.
Its confused about the past.
The donkey is stubborn The donkey is small Most donkeys are not
noted for their intelligence.
Donkeys do not work well with others
Can you name these historically famous Democrats?
The Symbol of the Republican Party is?
Adlai Stevenson provided one of the most clever descriptions of the Republican's symbol when he said, "The elephant has a thick skin, a head full of ivory, and as everyone who has seen a circus parade knows, proceeds best by grasping the tail of its predecessor.“
“Elephants have small brains and they love to unquestionably follow their leader….trunk to tail”
Can you name these historically famous Republicans?
CENTRIST AMERICAN POLITICS SINCE THE FOUNDING OF THIS
NATION, AMERICAN VOTERS HAVE SHUNNED EXTREMISM. POLITICAL PARTIES THAT HAVE EXTREME SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY, USUALLY RECEIVE LITTLE IF ANY POLITICAL SUPPORT FROM THE AMERICAN PUBLIC
AMERICAN VOTERS LIKE POLITICS CENTRIST…NOT TOO LIBERAL NOT TOO CONSERVATIVE. Goldie Locks Anyone?
EXTREME LIBERALISM IS LIKENED TO COMMUNISM
EXTREME CONSERVATISM IS LIKENED TO FASCISM
POLITICAL PARTYS THAT EXIST IN AMERICA, BUT APPEAL TO A SMALL NUMBER OF VOTERS INCLUDE:
LIBERTARIAN (CONSERVATIVE)
SOCIALIST (LIBERAL)
NEO NAZI (CONSERVATIVE)
GREEN PARTY (LIBERAL)
Political Left and Right
Left of center is considered liberal. The farther left the more extreme. Democrats are to the left of center or more liberal.› Big Government, Social Independence , Regulated Economy, Alliance Based Foreign Policy
Right of center is considered conservative. The farther right the more extreme. Republicans are to the right of center or more conservative› Small Government, Moral Social Obligations, Free Market Economy, US lead Foreign Policy
In groups determine where on the political spectrum the following statements belong Liberal, Conservative, Radical Liberal, Ultra Conservative, or Moderate
1. Workers need to be protected from employers2. America should do what it wants in foreign policy even if it is
alone internationally3. There should be no government involvement in the economy4. Collecting any taxes hurts the economy5. Public Nationalized Healthcare is essential to our prosperity6. The Government should protect the environment at the
expense of business7. Education should be privatized8. Enhanced interrogation is necessary for our protection9. The government should control every aspect of the economy10. The government has the obligation to regulate people on
moral issues
Make a Table Topic Liberal Example Conservati
veExample
Economy Marriage
Taxation
Environment
Relations with other Nations
Personal Life
Helping less fortunate
Protecting people
Education
DEMOCRATS… THE MORE LIBERAL OF OUR TWO PARTY SYSTEM
Liberals support a more active role for the government in most spheres. In general liberals support:
More regulation by the government to ensure economic standards More governmental regulation of the economy to promote such
goals as: health care for all consumer protection worker protectionprotecting the environment
More policies to help disadvantaged groups including policies to ensure and expand opportunities for poor people, minorities, and women.
More policies to redistribute income through taxation from those with more to those with less.
Tax structure designed to have people pay proportional to their income with an emphasis on giving poor a smaller tax burden. (Progressive)
Does this mean all democrats support these goals?
What point is the cartoonist trying to make about the president? Based on what you know, what is most likely the political orientation of the illustrator?
REPEAT AFTER ME
WHILE ITS TRUE MOST DEMOCRATS ARE LIBERAL ON MOST ISSUES MOST OF THE TIME.
YOU CAN NOT CONCLUDE THAT ALL DEMOCRATS ARE LIBERAL ON ALL ISSUES ALL OF THE TIME.
REPUBLICANS…THE MORE CONSERVATIVE OF OUR TWO PARTY SYSTEM
Conservatives support a less active or “laissez faire” role for the government in most spheres. In general conservative believe:
Excessive government regulations hurt economic growth. The best form of welfare that can be provided for people is a healthy economy.
Opportunities for disadvantaged groups would be increased through an economy that is not hobbled with excessive government regulation and taxation.
Fewer tax laws that discourage business growth thus allowing for a higher rate of capital investment
Private market solutions are more effective in providing solutions to
Health care for all protecting the environment
Does this mean all republicans support these goals?
What point is the cartoonist trying to make about the president’s health care proposals? Based on what you know, what is most likely the political orientation of the illustrator?
REPEAT AFTER ME
WHILE ITS TRUE MOST REPUBLICANS ARE CONSERVATIVE ON MOST ISSUES MOST OF THE TIME.
YOU CAN NOT CONCLUDE THAT ALL REPUBLICANS ARE CONSERVATIVE ON ALL ISSUES ALL OF THE TIME.
Ideology Quiz: match the following terms
1. Far Right2. Far Left3. Moderate
Right4. Moderate
Left
A.ConservativeB.Radical
Liberal C.Ultra
ConservativeD.Liberal
Third Parties/ Types
Single issue parties› Promote 1 issue› Prohibition party of
1872› Green Party
Ideological Parties› Promote a certain
ideology› Socialist Labor Party› USA Communist Party› Neo-Nazi
Third Parties/ Types
Independent Candidates› Parties form around
powerful personalities› Usually do not
survive after their candidate is defeated
› Teddy Roosevelt (1912)/Bull-Moose
› Ross Perot (1992)› Ralph Nader
Tea Party
Offshoot of the Republican Party Runs its own candidates as Republicans Ultra Conservative
› Smallest Government possible› Believe President Obama is taking the
country toward Socialism › Moral imperatives (anti-gay rights, anti-gun
control, prolife)
Think Pair Share
What are the pro’s and con’s of a two party system?› How do political parties promote civic
responsibility?› Should everyone be required to join a
political party?
Other Party Systems
One Party System› Only 1 political party› Peoples Republic of China
Multiparty System› More then 2 dominant political parties› Parties must form coalitions to gain
majority› Canada, Great Britain
Media
In your notes briefly describe how the following political adds make you feel› http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/comm
ercials/1952
› http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1992 (third video)
› http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/2004 (9th video) Interest Group
Roles of Media
Used to influence public opinion Influence on what is considered
important Covers Candidates Watchdog (fact check and report
government misconduct)› National Security› Government Censorship
Safeguards
1st Amendment protects free press Prior Restraint
› Government cannot censor material before it is printed
› Unless national security Protecting Sources
› Shield Laws-Reporters do not have to give up sources
Limits
Libel-printing falsehoods that may damage reputation
Malice must be proved to prove libel
Media is regulated by the FCC
With a partner answer the following questions
How does media influence your political views? Be specific, use examples from media that you have seen about this and the past election.
Is media effective in influencing political views? Explain.
Tomorrow Interest Partner Project
In a small group use your knowledge on political issues come up with an interest group that aligns with your assigned topic (25 min)› Be sure to include
Platform issue specifics (what the Issue is) what you want (what you want) what party you should lobby to and against be creative come up with your own name
› Be prepared to present to the class
Example National Rifle Association Keeping the government out of our
lives and defending our right to bear arms
We aim to stop gun control legislation› Handgun waiting period› Assault Rifle ban› Negative perception of guns
We mostly support Republicans in Congress and try and change the mind of Democrats
Homework
Find two articles about your issue that will help you with your project
Must have them printed and bring them in
Can come after school and use student computers in the back
Interest Groups
People who unite to promote their ideas
Primary goal to influence policy
1st Amendment protects your right to join one
Types of Interest Groups
Economic interest groups› Try to influence government decisions on specific industries
Tobacco Institute Labor Unions
Others› Promote a specific ethnic group, culture, age, religion or
gender NAACP AARP
Public interest groups› Non partisan › For public good
League of Women Voters
Influencing government
Donate to campaigns PACs- Political Action Committee
› Can donate unlimited funds to campaigns Going to court
› Try to get laws interoperated in their favor› Brown v. Board of Education
Lobbying
Interest groups lobby government for favorable policies
Lobbyist- someone who contacts government officials to advance the interests of groups› Supply lawmakers with information› Draft bills › Make sure laws are upheld
Interest Partner Project
In a small group use your knowledge on political issues come up with an interest group that aligns with your assigned topic (30 min)› Be sure to include
Platform issue specifics (theme) what you want (what you want) what party you should lobby to and against be creative come up with your own name
› Be prepared to present to the class