The Doctrine of the Scripture and of God

7/29/2019 The Doctrine of the Scripture and of God

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NEW TESTAMENT THEOLOGY

BTH 532

Missio University

Training Leaders to Transform Nations

DOCTRINE OF THE SCRIPTURE AND OF

GOD

Dr. J. Lee SimmonsDeanPowerPoint #2

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Bibliology: Doctrine of the

Scriptures

Jesus Use of the OT

Direct Quotations Matthew 4:1-11

Very numerousThroughout Gospels

More in Matthew

Indirect Allusions

Matthew 6:29Used constantly

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Scriptures

Jesus Use of the OT

Jesus used the OT to demonstrate He

was the Messiah - Isaiah 61:1-2, Luke4:16-21

Jesus used the OT in a typological

approach Matthew 12:39-41

Typology Persons or events referred to in

the OT may be regarded as models (or

types) for other persons or events.

In summary, Jesus had an extraordinary

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Scriptures

Jesus View of the Authority andInspiration of the OT

Jesus did not question the historicity of OT

people and events, i.e. the book of Jonah.Jesus quoted the OT as authoritative.

Jesus saw the OT as inspired by the Holy

Spirit.

Mark 12:36Jesus spoke of God speaking through

human authors. Matthew 24:15

Jesus saw every thing in the OT as

inspired.

Matthew 5:18

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Scriptures

Jesus Claims for the Authority of HisOwn Teachings

Jesus saw His words as eternal Luke

21:33 When Jesus said But I say unto you in

the Sermon on the Mount places His wordsabove the Law. Matthew 5:21-48

Jesus expected obedience to His words asa basis for living. Luke 6:46-49

In John, Jesus often introduced His

teachings with the wordsTruly, truly I say

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Scriptures

Jesus Claims for the Authority of HisOwn TeachingsJesus said He spoke on the authority of

the Father

John 5:37-50

Jesus said His words were Spirit andlife - John 6:63

Jesus said the Holy Spirit would recallHis words to the disciples John 14:26

Jesus told His disciples He gave them

the words the Father gave Him

John17:8

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Scriptures

Pauls use of the OT Eighty three direct quotations

Many illusions to OT ideas, events andpeople

Paul quoted the OT and said it was Godspeaking. Romans 9:25

Paul saw all the OT as fully inspired. 2 Timothy 3:16

Paul took the same approach as Jesus

did with the OT.

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Scriptures

Pauls View of His Own Writings Although not one of the Twelve, his

claim to be an apostle is based on his

appointment by God through JesusChrist and therefore one with apostolicauthority. Galatians 1:1, 1 Corinthians

9:1-2Paul wrote in a commanding way. 2 Thessalonians 3:4, 1 Corinthians7:12

Paul wanted his readers to recognize

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Scriptures

Peters view of Pauls writings

Peter saw Pauls writings on equal

authority with the OT.

2 Peter 3:15-16This passage shows us how quickly

Pauls writings were seen as

authoritative for the church and they

demonstrate the initial stages of the

development of the canon.

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Scriptures

Johns View of His Writings inRevelation He was in the Spirit and told to write

down what he saw. - Revelation 1:10, 19

At the end of the book the angel statesthat the words are trustworthy and true -

Rev 22:6John states that judgment will come on

anyone who tampers with the text.- Revelation 22:18-19

This all clearl im lies John knew he

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ScripturesSummaryJesus and the NT writers all saw the OT with

the full inspiration and authority of God. Theyquoted and alluded to it often as Gods truth.

Jesus said His words had full authority andwere from God.

Paul and John clearly understood that they

were speaking authoritative words from GodPeter taught that Pauls writings were on the

same authority as the OT.

In the NT we can see the embryonic

beginning of the NT canon with equal

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The Doctrine of God

OT and NT ComparisonBoth assume the existence of God.

Both teach that God is the creator andsustainer of the Universe.

Both teach a God of transcendence and

immanence

Transcendence: God is infinite in that He isnot the subject of any limitations of

humanity, or of creation in general. He is far

greater than everything He has made, far

greater than anything that exists, and

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The Doctrine of God

OT and NT ComparisonBoth teach a God of immanence and

transcendence - Ephesians 4:6

Immanence - God is personal: Heinteracts with us as a person, and we canrelate to Him as persons. We can pray toHim, worship Him, obey Him, and loveHim, and He can speak to us, rejoice inus, and love us. God is actively involvedwith and upholds/sustains His creation.We are dependent upon Him. Hebrews1:3, Acts 17:25, 28, Colossians 1:17

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The Doctrine of God

OT and NT ComparisonProgressive revelation show us:

In the OT we see God commanding

the wholesale slaughter of people and

allowingthe imprecatory prayers of His

people.

In the NT although justice is taught, we

see a clear focus on the mercy and

love of God in the revelation of Jesus

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The Doctrine of God

God as Father

It is the idea of the fatherhood ofGod which is most characteristic

of NT teachings and especially

the teachings of Jesus. - DonaldGuthrie

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The Doctrine of God

God as FatherIn OT Fatherhood is more nationalisticIsrael rather than individualistic.

In the NT the Fatherhood of God isseen in:The Father of Jesus

Father of the disciples of JesusFather-child relationship almost

exclusively spoken of for believers

Father of all creation

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The Doctrine of God

God as Father Jesus TeachingOur Father personal God Matthew

6:9Your heavenly Father knows

Matthew 6:32 His care for His creation

My Father

Jesus

Father - John5:17

My Father and Your Father John

20:17

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The Doctrine of God

God as Father

God disciplines us as sons.

Hebrews 12:5-11

God is so personal we can call Him

Abba, Dear Father,Papa.

- Romans 8:15, Galatians 4:6People have one of two fathers,

either God or the devil. John 8:42-

44

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The Doctrine of God

God as King and JudgeJesus spoke often of the Kingdom of

God.

The concept of a kingdom implies a king

who sovereignty rules over his subjects.

The subjects of the king are those whohave submitted themselves to carrying

out the will of the King.

NT Christians prayed to God as

Soverei n Lord. Acts 4:24

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The Doctrine of God

God as King and JudgeGod is seen in Revelation as seated on

a throne.

Revelation 4:2-3, 5:1The throne implies sovereignty and

justice.

John the Baptist proclaimed thejudgment of God. Matthew 3:7-10

Paul speaks much of God as judge.

Romans 2:5, 3:6, 14:10

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The Doctrine of God

Various Other Titles for GodSavior usually used for Jesus but often

in the pastorals used for God 1 Timothy 1:1, 2:3, 4:10

Most High title of supreme dignity

-Luke 6:35

Alpha and Omega Revelation 1:8, also

used for Christ - Rev. 22:12,13

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Glory doxa

Two NT Uses ofdoxa

Visible Glory

seeing the glory ofGod

Jesus transfiguration Matthew

17:1-2John and apostles John 1:14

Stephen at his martyrdom Acts 7:55

Believers transformed

2 Corinthians

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Glory doxa

Two NT Uses ofdoxa

Spoken Praise

giving glory toGod Luke 2:20, Mark 2:12

Our purpose is to glorify God

1 Peter 2:12

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Wisdom andKnowledge

Gods wisdom is contrasted with

mans

1 Corinthians 1:19-25The depth Gods wisdom Romans

11:33

God knows all

Matthew 10:26Gods will proceeds out of an all-wise,

all-knowing God

The NT stresses the importance of the

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Wisdom andKnowledge

What about suffering? The key is our

attitude.If suffering comes God it must have a

purpose.

God is no less wise or good because sufferingexists.

In a hostile world Christians will suffer for theirfaith. -2 Timothy 3:12

Hardships are tools in the hands of God.

2 Corinthians 4:16-17

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: HolinessAn essential attribute of God John 17:11,

Revelation 4:8Gods holiness brings a barrier between

us and God, thus the need for imputed

righteousness. 2 Corinthians 5:21

Gods holiness is a pattern for our

holiness. 1 Peter 1:16

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Righteousnessand JusticeTrue Righteousness comes from God

Romans 10:3

When we are saved we becomerighteous - Ephesians 4:24

A Righteous God must judge inrighteousness Romans 2:5

God judges impartially 1 Peter 1:17,

Romans 2:5-11

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Righteousness

and Justice

An element of Gods righteousness and

justice is His wrath

Unbelievers face the wrath of God- John

3:36

Gods wrath is His revulsion due to His

absolute holiness toward that which is

unholy Romans 1:18

Gods wrath is reserved for those who

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Love and GraceLove is the character of God 1 John 4:8

Jesus was loved by His heavenly father- John 3:35, 5:20, 10:17, 17:23, 26

It is Gods love that initiated salvation Romans 5:8

Gods love is poured in our hearts by HisSpirit Romans 5:5

God lavishes His love on us Ephesians

1:7-8, 1 John 3:1

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Love and GraceGrace is an essential feature of Gods

love.Grace is the favor of God towards those

who do not deserve favor.

Grace is another name for the outgoingcharacter of Gods love.

If there is one characteristic of God which

captured the imagination of Paul more

than another it was the race of God. -

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: Goodness andFaithfulnessOnly God is good. Matthew 19:17

Man has no inherent goodness. Romans 3:12

Gods faithfulness will not allow us to be

tempted beyond what we are able.-1 Corinthians 10:13

God is faithful to forgive our sins.

1 John 1:9

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: UniquenessGod is unchangeable Hebrews 1:12,

6:17,James 1:17

God is invisible 1 Tim. 1:17,

Colossians 1:15God is immortal 1 Tim. 1:17, 6:16

God is eternal Romans 16:26,

Hebrews 9:14

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: UnityGod is One in three persons a trinity

The Trinity is clearly portrayed in the NTTrinitarian formula Matthew 28:19,

2 Corinthians 13:14

Triadic passages Ephesians 4:4-6,

1 Corinthians 12:3-6, 1 Peter 1:2Three persons in non-triadic passages Galatians 4:4-6, Mark 1:9-11

Trinitarian relationships John 14:26,

15:26, 16:13-15

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The Doctrine of God

Attributes of God: UnityGod is One in three persons a trinity

Deductive truth There is one GodThere is a person called the Father who has

the all the attributes of God

There is a person called the Son who has all

the attributes of GodThere is a person call the Spirit who has all

the attributes of God

Therefore, there is one God in three distinct

persons

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Doctrine of God: Final Thought

Moreover, both in the titles andattributes of God found in theNT, there is a remarkable

combination of what might atfirst appear to be opposites. The

paradox of the love and wrath ofGod, his kindness and severity,his mercy and judgment areexamples of apparentantitheses which nevertheless

f tl b l d i th

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The Doctrine of the Scripture and of God

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