+ All Categories
Home > Documents > The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans...

The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans...

Date post: 31-Mar-2015
Category:
Upload: molly-wanlass
View: 213 times
Download: 0 times
Share this document with a friend
Popular Tags:
26
The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann
Transcript
Page 1: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882

Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra,Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann

Page 2: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.
Page 3: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

The visibility circumstances of the transit of Venus of 9 December 1874

End of the transit6:26 UT

Begin of the transit1:49 UT

Page 4: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Frederik Kaiser (1808-1872) Volkert S.M. van der Willigen (1822-1878)

Page 5: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Transit of Venus expedition to Réunion (1874)

Location: Saint Denis, Ile de la Réunion (Indian Ocean)Longitude 55° 27' 01.1" EastLatitude 20° 51' 35.3" South

• Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans (1827-1906): Chief astronomer. Head Geodetic Survey of Java. Trained by Frederik Kaiser (director of Leiden Observatory from 1837 to 1872). Director of Utrecht Observatory from 1876 to 1895.

• Pieter Jan Kaiser (1838-1916): Astronomer responsible for the photographic observations. Head Department of Verification of Nautical Instruments. Son of Frederik Kaiser.

• Ernst Frederik van de Sande Bakhuyzen (1848-1918): Astronomer. Younger brother of Hendrik Gerard van de Sande Bakhuyzen (director of Leiden Observatory from 1872 to 1908). Director of Leiden Observatory from 1908 to 1918.

• Hendrik Theodorus Soeters (1842-1879): Assistant of J.A.C. Oudemans. Engineer Geodetic Survey of Java.

• Marinus Bernardus Rost van Tonningen (1852-1927): Photographer assigned to assist P.J. Kaiser.

• T.F. Blanken: First mate. Dealt with shipping matters and other odd jobs.

Page 6: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Shipping routes of the Compagnie des Messageries Maritimes (Archives Leiden Observatory)

Page 7: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Main Instruments carried to Réunion (1874)

• Photoheliograph by Dallmeyer (Teyler's Stichting, Haarlem)• Refractor by Utzschneider & Fraunhofer (Mrs. de Beaufort-Stoop)• Merz heliometer (Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen/Haarlem & Bataafsch

Genootschap/Rotterdam)• Steinheil refractor (Leiden Observatory)• Airy double-image micrometer (Leiden Observatory)• Astronomical timekeeper by Fraunhofer & Utzschneider (Leiden Observatory)• 14 chronometers (Topographical Survey of Java: Hohwü 394, 455, 502 & 514, Schmidt

325 & 334; Teyler's Stichting: Knoblich 1700; Leiden Observatory: Kiek & Casseres 547, 549 & 556, Hohwü 568, 591 & 594, Arnold 418)

• 2 universal instruments (Topographical Survey of Java: Repsold and Pistor & Martins)• 3 heliotropes (Leiden Observatory & Polytechnic Institute Delft)• 2 models of the transit of Venus by Boosman (Leiden Observatory)

Page 8: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Refractor by Utzschneider& Fraunhofer lent by mrs. Anna Alida de Beaufort-Stoop

Ø = 9.6 cm; f = 160 cm

Museum Boerhaave, Leiden

Page 9: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Chronometer by Knoblich & Krille (Altona)

Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Page 10: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Model of a Transit of Venus by Willem Boosman (Museum Boerhaave, Leiden)

Page 11: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

P.J. Kaiser’s 1862 thesis on the use of photography in astronomy

Page 12: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Photoheliograph by John Henry Dallmeyer (London)

Ø = 10.0 cm, f = 230 cmPlate size = 16.3 × 16.3 cm

Mounting by H. Olland (Utrecht)

Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Page 13: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Plate measuring engine by Repsold & Söhne (Museum Boerhaave, Leiden)

Page 14: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Sketch map of Reunion (Archives Leiden Observatory)

Page 15: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Sketch map of Saint-Denis

Archives Leiden Observatory

Page 16: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.
Page 17: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Living quarters in Saint-Denis (Archives Utrecht Observatory)

Page 18: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

The members of the 1874 transit of Venus expeditionStanding (f.l.t.r.): P.J. Kaiser, M.B. Rost van Tonningen, T.F. Blanken(?) Seated (f.l.t.r.): J.A.C. Oudemans, H.T. Soeters(?), E.F. van de Sande Bakhuyzen

Page 19: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Observation camp in Saint-Denis (Archives Utrecht Observatory)

Page 20: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Observation camp in Saint-Denis (Archives Utrecht Observatory)

Page 21: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Present-day view of the observation camp (photograph Dominique Tournès)

Page 22: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

“A day with the natives” (Archives Utrecht Observatory)

Page 23: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Telegram & transcript of the results (Archives Leiden Observatory)

Page 24: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

The visibility circumstances of the transit of Venus of 6 December 1882

End of the transit20:15 UT

Begin of the transit13:57 UT

Page 25: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Transit of Venus expedition to Curaçao (1882)

Location: Fort Nassau, Willemstad, Curaçao (West Indies)Longitude 68° 56' 17" WestLatitude 12° 07' 30" North

• Paulus Hendricus Brocx (1856-1933): Chief observer. Naval officer 2nd class. Son of Lodewijk Gerard Brocx, Minister of Naval Affairs from 1868 to 1873.

• Pieter Cornelis Swaan (1857-1931): Assistant. Naval officer 2nd class.• H. Lelyveld: Assistant. Second mate.

Page 26: The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann.

Propeller steam ship 3rd class Alkmaar (Maritime Museum, Amsterdam)


Recommended