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The Effects of Moderate Die Pressure on Maize Cob Briquettes
: A Case Study in Phitsanulok, Thailand
By Panote Wilaipon, Thailand
PHOTOSYNTHESIS PROCESS
BIOMASS AS A FUEL
Biomass: alternative fuel
Phitsanulok Province
Located in lower part of Northern Thailand
Approximate Area: 10,896 km2
Population: 846,630
Major Product: Rice, Maize, Cassava, Banana
Maize in Phisanulok
Approximately 103,116 acre/year has been devoted for maize plantation
The productivity is over 140,000 ton/year.
Maize Cob in Phisanulok
Residual
to
Product Ratio
0.273
Maize Cob in Phisanulok
0 5000 10000 15000 20000
123456789
dis
tric
t n
um
ber
maize cob (ton)
Approximate 38,801 tons available in this area
BRIQUETTING TECHNOLOGY
Sta
lky,
coa
rse
mat
eria
ls
Dry materials
Wet materials
Fin
e m
a ter
ial s
Dryingprocess
Cutting/grindingprocesses
Wet materials
Dry materials
Dryingprocess Briquetting
process
Pro
du
cts
Molasses 23%
by weight 38mm ID x 100mm H
100 g of material: 73% maize cob and 23% molasses
Pressure: 7, 10 and 13 MPa
Dwell time: 15 seconds
Moisture content: 7.5%
1. Relaxation in length
2. Relaxation in volume
3. Impact resistance index
4. Percentage of weight loss
5. Water resistance
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
hour
% elon
gatio
n
% Elongation
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
hour
% volum
e
% Increased Volume
Die pressure (MPa)
The percentage of weight loss
10 drops 20 drops 30 drops
7 0.27 0.52 0.64
10 0.26 0.36 0.50
13 0.30 0.43 0.65
Impact Resistance Index
And % weight loss
Die pressure (MPa)
Dispersion time of briquettes in cold water (second)
The onset point 50% 100%
7 9.0 30.0 45.3
10 8.7 30.5 47.1
13 8.8 27.6 51.0
Water Resistance