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Designing a Monitoring and Evaluation System for a Rural Travel and Transport Project
Michael BambergerGender and Development Group
The World BankRTTP Conference
Pretoria, South AfricaDecember 2 1999
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A good M/E system helps ensure that a project
• Is being efficiently implemented• Is reaching the intended target groups• Is achieving its intended objectives
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A good M/E system will Monitor the use of project inputs Monitor the effectiveness of the project
implementation process Monitor the production of project outputs Assess project impacts on the target communities Assess the effectiveness of project outputs in
producing the intended short-term and long-term impacts.
Assess the extent to which these impacts can be attributed to the effects of the project.
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An RTT M/E system should
• Extract lessons and best practices for the design of future projects
• Provide guidelines for the modification of project design
• Provide adequate data for the evaluation of program impact
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Figure 1 Monitoring and Evaluation Model of the Project Implementation Process
Economic and Politicalcontext within which theproject is implemented
Institutional contextwithin which the projectis implemented
Projectplanningand Inputs
ProjectImplementationprocess
Project outputs Project impacts Projectsustainability
Socio-economic characteristics of the communitiesaffected by the project
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Stages of the project cycle covered by the M/E system
• Project planning and inputs• Implementation process• Output• Short and long term impacts• Project sustainability
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Project implementation and impacts are also affected by
• The organizational and institutional context
• The economic and political context• The social and economic characteristics
of the communities
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Figure 3 Apply the Monitoring and Evaluation Model to the Tanzania Village Travel and Transport Project
Economic and Politicalcontext within which theproject is implemented
Institutional contextwithin which the projectis implemented
ProjectInputsRoadconstruction, donkey,bicycles,constructionof waterpumps,technicalassistance
ProjectImplementation processFocus groups,communitymanagementgroups includingwomen, training,female extensionworkers
Project outputsImproved andnew roads andfootpaths, womenuse bicycles anddonkeys,handpumps,grinding mills.
Short and longterm impactstravel timereduced, easieraccess to markets, ,more childrenattend school,income increases,women enter labormarket, women’sstatus in familyenhanced
Sustainability
InfrastructuremaintainedStrongercommunitygroupsNetworks createdCost-recoveryAgencies moregender sensitive
Socio-economic characteristics of the communities affected bythe project
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Key questions for designing a M/E system
• What indicators should be used to measure and monitor each stage of the project?
• How should the information be collected?• How to measure quality and effectiveness?• How and when to communicate findings to
managers and stakeholders?
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Key questions continued….
• How do we assess the benefits and impacts produced by the project?
• How to assess whether pilot projects have been successful.
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Developing and using indicatorsGood indicators should
• Cover all stages of the project cycle• Provide essential information needed to
monitor progress, identify problems and assess results
• Provide information which can easily be used by managers and policy makers
• Be objective and easily measurable• Include the minimum number possible
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Examples of indicators for a feeder road project
• Planning and inputs
• Implementation process
• Outputs
• Stakeholder groups consulted• Funds approved and available• Equipment available• All community included in
planning and implementation• Targets set for women
representatives• Local organizations
established at district level• Km. Roads constructed/
upgraded
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Feeder road indicators page 2
• Impacts • Increased household income
• Higher proportion of girls attending school
• Increased agricultural production
• Wider range of goods available in villages
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Feeder road indicators page 3
• Sustainability • Cash payments for road maintenance
• Community labor for road maintenance
• Condition of roads 1, 2 and 5 years after construction
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M/E systems must identify all stakeholders and ensure their
information needs are covered. • All community groups affected by the
project• Local government agencies• National government agencies• NGOs• International development agencies
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Individual M/E studies can be conducted
each using the methods best suited to the particular issue
being studied
But to assess the overall progress of a program
involving many different activities ….
An evaluation system is required
Logical framework analysis [LOGFRAME]
Is one of the best methods for setting up a monitoring and
evaluation system
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LOGFRAME
helps define the basic assumptions on which the project
design and implementation systems are based.
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Ifcertain inputs are used effectively
thencertain outputs will be produced
if the outputs are produced
thencertain impacts will be achieved
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If feeder roads are upgraded
thenwomen will take more
agricultural produce to marketthen
household income will increaseand women’s economic status
will improve
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Main kinds of M/E studiesSee Handout Annex I for details
Question
1. Are RTTP activities being implemented on schedule?
2. Are women fully involved in all stages?
3. Are the activities producing their intended benefits?
Study
• Monitoring study
• Gender responsiveness assessment study
• Impact evaluation