PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTH MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONFERENCE ON SINKHOLES AND THE ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF KARST

SPRINGFIELD/MISSOURI/6-9 APRIL 1997

THE ENGINEERING GEOLOGY , AND HYDROGEOLOGY OF

KARST TERRANES

Sponsored by P.E.LaMoreaux & Associates, Inc.

and Co-Sponsored by The Department of Geography, Geology & Planning of Southwest Missouri State University

The Mid-Missouri and St.Louis Sections of The American Society of Civil Engineers The Association of Ground Water Scientists and Engineers (NGWA)

The Association of Engineering Geologists and The Karst Waters Institute

Edited by

A.A.BALKEMA/ROTTERDAM/BROOKFTELD/1997

The Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology of Karst Terranes, Beck & Stephenson (eds) © 1997Baikema, Rotterdam. ISBN 90 5410 8673

Table of contents

1 Keynote paper Land use and carbonate island karst 3 /. £ Mylroie &J.L Carew

2 Karst on young carbonate islands Groundwater discharge styles from an uplifted Pleistocene island karst aquifer, Guam, 15 Mariana Islands J. WJetison, J.M.Jocson & KG. Siegrist Preliminary assessment of the role of suckwells in karst water resources 21 C C. Smart & D. B. Ketterling

3 Sinkhole occurrences on limestone karst Mechanics of formation of cover-collapse sinkholes 29 T.M.Tharp Sinkhole case study: Athletic fields, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania 37 LChen&M.J.S.Roth Cover-collapse sinkholes in the 'Toumaisis' area, southern Belgium 41 O.Kaufmann & Y.Quinif The Pennsylvania sinkhole inventory: Design and application in a relational database 49 W.E. Kochanov & J. S. Kochanov Assessing the risk of cave-collapse sinkholes using analogous information from mining 55 Zs. Kesseru Stratigraphy and hydrogeology of a submarine collapse sinkhole on the continental shelf, 61 northeastem Florida R.M.Spechler & W.L.Wilson

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4 Karst hydrogeology Overflow conduit systems in Kentucky: A consequence of limited underflow capacity 69 J.ARay Rationale and methodology for approximating spring-basin boundaries in the mantled karst 77 terrane of the Springfield Plateau, northwestern Arkansas J.V.Brahana Modeling losses from streams in karst areas 83 L.R.Livingston, C.W.Campbell & R.Garza Allogenic recharge to karst from valley-train alluvium and colluvium in the central 89 Appalachian Region KH.Kastning & C.F.Watts Karst research in Romania: Geological and hydrogeologic setting of Bihor Mountains 97 G.Ponta

5 Karst on evaporite rocks Evaporite karst in the westem part of the Holbrook Basin, Arizona 107 J.T.Neal&R.M.Colpitts Gypsum karst geohazards in China 117 Lu Yaoru &AH. Cooper Planning for gypsum geohazards in Lithuania and England 127 B. Paukstys, A H. Cooper & J.Arustiene Control of naturally occurring brine springs and seeps in an evaporite karst setting 137 B.A Memon, A F. Patton & M. Wallace Pitts

6 Groundwater contamination in karst terrane -Mapping water-supply protection areas for leaky, perched karst groundwater systems 153 J. A Ray, R. O. Ewers & P. J. Idstein Findings from MOU-related karst studies for Indiana State Road 37, Lawrence County, 157 Indiana J. H. Keith, J. L. Bassett & J. A Duwelius Highway stormwater runoff in karst areas - Preliminary results of baseline monitoring 173 and design of a treatment system for a sinkhole in Knoxville, Tennessee J.B.Stephenson, WEZhou, B.EBeck & T.S.Green Laboratory testing of a system to treat highway stormwater in karst areas 183 J. L Smoot, C. D. Cox &AM. Turpin

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Contaminant transport in karst aquifers 189 J.A.Hoke&C.M.Wicks A sampling plan for conduit-flow karst springs: Minimizing sampling cost and maximizing 193 statistical utility J.C.Currens Source identification investigations of petroleum contaminated groundwater in the Missouri 199 Ozarks J.B. Feb Groundwater tracing in the epikarst 207 T.Aley Some developments in fluorometric tracing of ground water 213 C. C. Smart & L. Zabo Modelling the in-situ neutralization capacity of a karst aquifer for remediation of acid mine 219 drainage H.Gao, A.Butler, H.Wheater & V.Vesovic

7 Developing and protecting water supplies in karst aquifers Wellfield site selection and groundwater flow model construction of the karst area in Lake 227 City, Columbia County, Florida D. P.Dufresne & C.W.Drake Insect parts, muddy water, and new sinkholes: Not necessarily fatal flaws to water well 235 permitting in karst D.AHubbard, Jr & AWMcThenia, III Meeting the requirements of the wellhead protection program for three large springs in east 239 Tennessee A E. Ogden, L. R. Ogden & M. T. Dates Deep zone karst aquifers as a boon in central India 245 Y.Singh &D.P.Dubey

8 Stormwater drainage and flooding problems in karst terrane Comparison of stormwater management techniques in a karst terrane in Springfield, Missouri 253 W.LBarner Ground water basin delineation for sinkhole flood prevention, Johnson City, Tennessee 259 C.G. Ford, A E. Ogden, L. R. Ogden, S. Ellis & J. A Scarborough Sinkhole and drainage plarming in Johnson City, Tennessee 265 A I Reese, A Cantrell & J. Scarborough

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Submergence of the Banwen underground river by the Yantan Reservoir and subsequent 273 flooding disasters Shijun Xiang, Meiliang Zhang, Zizhen Gong & Wenxing Li

9 Geotechnical investigations and engineering in karst Site characterization for sinkholes in Pennsylvania and New Jersey 281 B.Thomas &M.IS.Roth Wyndham Farms - A karst case history 287 J. A Fischer & J.J. Fischer Urbanization in karst sinkhole terrain - A St. Louis perspective 293 B.J.Ripp &J.ABaker Sinkhole damage investigations for the insurance industry in west-central Florida 299 T.J.Smith Delineation of sinkhole boundary using Dutch cone soundings 305 K.-R.Chang & C.Basnett Designing foundations around sinkholes 313 R. C. Kannan Foundation remedies for residential construction over karst limestone in Nashville, Tennessee 319 L P. Mishu, J. D. Godfrey, Jr & J. R. Mishu Sinkhole investigation: An on-going case study in Kuwait 329 WAAbdullah &M.AMollah Sinkholes in karst mining areas in China and some methods of prevention 351 Li Gongyu, Zhou Keguang & Zhou Wanfang Mine-induced sinkholes over the US Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) storage facility 357 at Weeks Island, Louisiana: Geologic mitigation and environmental monitoring J.T.Neal The hole story: How a sinkhole in a phosphogypsum pile was explored and remediated 363 N. F. Fuleihan, J. E. Cameron &J.E. Henry Fvaluation of antikarst protection efficiency 371 V.V.Tolmachev Planning the replacement of the Beards Creek Bridge 373 SEWalker&J.W.Matzat An example of the use of jet grouting to permit tunneling in chemically weathered limestone 381 A D.Walker

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10 Karst studies for land-use planning A geologic evaluation: The first step in land use planning in Stone County, Missouri 389 W.LBarner Modeling of a cave ecosystem 395 C. W.Campbell, S.M.Sullivan &L.R.Livingston Hazard mapping of karst along the coast of the Algarve, Portugal 401 R.A. Forth, D. Butcher & R. Senior Construction of a karst hazard map of the Russian Federation at 1:5,000,000 scale 409 V.M. Kutepov, M. M. Maksimov, N. G.Anisimova & LA Kozhevnikova

11 Investigating karst with geophysics Diphole-diphole D.C. resistivity surveying for exploration of karst features 413 D. W.Lambert Detecting caves using seismic surface waves: A feasibility study 419 B.ALuke&D.S.Chase Geophysical and geotechnical evaluation in support of siting a federal prison facility 425 in mature developed karst - A case study D.Hintz & LRagozzino

12 Government regulations for karst areas Interstate assessment of governmental regulations on landfills in karst areas 433 SB. Davis Studies and regulations in the Southwestern Illinois karst 439 J.Bade&P.Moss Bacterial contamination of groundwater from private septic systems in Illinois' sinkhole 443 plain: Regulatory considerations XVPanno, C. P.Weibel, I.G.Krapac & E.C.Storment A geological approach to groundwater protection in the soluble rock lands of Missouri 449 J.W.Duley Greene County, Missouri's sinkhole regulations 457 T.W.Smith & B.Vance Limestone ordinances of New Jersey and Pennsylvania: A practitioner's experiences 463 J A. Fischer Engineered and unregulated degradation of karst aquifers: Two case studies in New York 467 State. USA PJLRubin &J.J.Privitera

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13 Field trip guide book Field trip through the karst areas of southern Greene and northern Christian Counties, Missouri, emphasizing the relationships between surface features and springs KC.Thomson 14 Supplement The importance of sinkhole studies in the recognition of karst phenomenon in Southwestern Iran AAfrasiabian

Author index