How it all started The first years of biophysics in Lund Lennart Grahm, Dept of Electrical Measurements, LTH

The origin of the Biophysical group in Lund goes far back in last century

The man who started it was Hellmuth Hertz

Hellmuths father was Gustaf Hertz

The great german physicists from 1920-1930 were so few that they had fairly close personal contacts. Here Hellmuth together with Einstein.

Niels Bohr

The planned move to James Franck in the US met a problem in Lund. A young female pharmacist named Birgit Nordbring suddenly made the US alternative less interesting. Birgit studied microbiology. The manager of the Department was the professor of Plant Physiology, Hans Burström.

Burström put Hellmuths attention to some works of Leo Brauner, who was then working in Istanbul . Brauner had been interested in geotropism and had found that before a geotropic curvature an electric voltage , the so called geoelectric effect, arose across the stem of the plant. Brauner has been of very great importance for the Botany in Turkey. He had to leave Germany because of his Jewish origin.

At first we had to reproduce Brauner´s measurements with contacting electrodes . Many things happen in the contact point, it takes a long time until the voltage is stabilised. Thus we decided to try to develop a contact free meaurement equipment .

In 1964 we had enough for my dissertation. Poul Larsen from Bergen was the faculty opponent and Anders was my own opponent .

In 1967 we had the opportunity to join the symposium Gravity and the Organism, organized by Solon Gordon from Argonne in Chicago.

In the next picture Anders is studying circumnutations of Helianthus. The left part of the photo shows Nils Rydbeck, the most important person behind Ericsson´s mobile telephone development in Lund. Sony Ericsson is now the biggest company in Lund and together with ST Ericsson more than 6000 persons are occupied in Lund.

Anders dissertation was made in 1968. Anders Ehrenberg, the first swedish professor in biophysics. was the faculty opponent and I was chosen to be his own opponent.

Anders´ first student in Lund was Donald Israelsson. They started the study of circumnutation in Helianthus That was the first work devoted towards biological oscillations.

Anders´ second student was Hans-Göran Karlsson. His main interest was mathematics and together they made a lot of theoretical calculations. They also widened the group of biological oscillations into eclosion rhytmus of Deosophila, Also petal rhytmus of Kalanchoe ,now together with Wolfgang, were now studied. It can be mentioned that the population of Drosophila was very vigourous in our ventilation system several years after Anders had left the institute.

Torgny Brogård was the next student in Anders´team. His main interest was oscillation of the transpiration in Avena seedlings. Now Wolfgang had been a dear guest in Lund and he made some work together with Anders and Torgny, so I leave the presentation to him. After his dissertation Torgny started his career at ASEA, where he was later responsible for the robot development.

Helge Andersen was the last of Anders´doctoral students in Lund. His work was mainly directed towards circumnutaion of Helianthus and the possibility to ”entrain” the oscilations with periodic geotropic pulses. Kjell was the faculty opponent at his Dissertation.

Copyright ©2004 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Jonsson H. et al.; Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78:1572-1577

The principle of particle separation with ultrasound standing-wave technology

Copyright ©2004 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Jonsson H. et al.; Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78:1572-1577

Schematic view of one 375-{micro}m-wide separation channel and a scanning electron microscopic image of the trifurcation forming the center and side outlets in which the flow

is be divided depending on the acoustic properties of the particles

Copyright ©2004 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Jonsson H. et al.; Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78:1572-1577

Photograph of a structure consisting of eight parallel channels, which was used in the study