The Flight of Vostok II

8/8/2019 The Flight of Vostok II

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Contract No. NASw-6

Astronaut ics Information

Trans la t ion No . 24

THE FLIG HT O F VOSTOK I1

PRAVDA, August 7 , 1961, Extra Edit ion

Trans la ted by J . L. Zygielbaum

Copy No.---

JET PROPULSION LABORATORYA Research Facility of I - . -

National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationOperated by

California Institute of Technology .Pasadena, CaliforniaOctober 2 , 1961


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Copyright 0 961

Jet Propulsion Laboratory

California Insti tute of Technology


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JPL AI/Trans la t ion No . 24

CONTENTS

The Flight of VOSTOK I1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deta iled Account of Fli ght . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Biography of a N e w Cosmonaut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0

1

4

Takeoff of VOSTOK I1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Th e Lan ding of VOSTOK I1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

E x c e r p ts F r o m P r e s s C on fe re nc e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5

Radio Communications Earth . OSTOK I1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

FIGURES

1 .2 .3 .4 .

5 .6

7 .

8

9 .10 .

11 .

Major Herman Ti tov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Herman Ti tov in h i s sp ace su i t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Herm an Ti tov in e jec t ion se a t

Photo taken by Herm an Titov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Por th o le Pho tograph I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Por th o le Pho tograph II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Por thole Photograph 111. Himalayan Mountains

I l lumina to r Pe r i scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42. . . . . . . . . . . . 41

I l lu s t r a t ion of VOSTOK I in Fl ight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Track ing of VOSTOK I1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44P r o j e c t i o n of VOSTOK I1 Orbits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45


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JPL AI/Transla t ion No. 2 4

THE FLIGHT OF VOSTOK I1

Pravda, August 7, 1961 , Extra Edit ion

Tran slate d by Joseph L. Zygielbaum

Me ssag e to the commu nist party, to the people of the Soviet Union, to th e

peoples and governments of all countries, to all prog ress ive mankind.

The Cen tra l Committee of the Communist P a r ty of the Soviet Union, the

P re si di um of the Sup rem e Soviet of the USSR, and the gover nme nt of the Soviet

Union, her eby re po rt with gr ea t sat isfaction the new, unmatched victor y of

Soviet sci enc e and technique, the succe ssfu l flight of the second cos mic sh ip

with a man aboard.

On August 6, 1961, a t 9 a.m.,Moscow time, a powerful Soviet rock et placed

a new cosm ic sh ip-s atell i te Vostok I1 in orbi t around the Ear th piloted by the

cos mon aut Major Herm an Stepanovich Titov, who is a cit ize n of th e Soviet Union,

a Comm unist, and an A i r Fo rce o ff i cer.

Comrade Titov successfully completed twenty-five hours of flight around

the Ear th, af te r which he landed successfully on the ter ri to ry of o ur homeland,

the Union of Soviet So cialis t Republics.

The Sovie t spaceship-sa te l l i te c i rc led the Ear th m or e than 1 7 t i m e s ,

cover ing a distance of m or e than 700,000 km, which equals a lmo st twice the

dis tance f r o m the Ea r th to the Moon.

All the people on Ea rt h followed br eat hle ss ly the flight of th e fi r s t Soviet

man through cosmic sp ace . The outstanding flight of the new Soviet cosmonaut

indicates tha t the t ime is not far away when spaceships piloted by men w i l l pave

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JP L AI /Trans la tion No. 2 4

the way for in terplan etary f l ights o the Moon, then to Mars and finally to Venus.

Bef ore mankind th er e a r e broad pe rspective s now open for the conquest of

cosm ic spa ce and fl ights towards planets of the so la r sy ste m.

(Th i s s t a t ement is followed by a ba rr ag e of propaganda and att ac ks on

the western world. J . L . Z .

TASS Communique

The Soviet space ship -sa tell i te Vostok 11, piloted by the cosmonaut Major

Titov, completed mo re than 1 7 orb i ts around the Ear th dur ing 25 hr , 18 min, a

dist ance of mo re than 7 0 0 , 000 km .

Th e landing of Vostok I1 was ca rr ie d out at a p re se le ct ed region of th e

Soviet Union cl ose to the his tor ica l spot where Major Yur i Gag arin landed

Vostok I on Apr i l 1, 1961, succ essf ully completing a pro gra m of scientif ic inv es-

tigation.

Comra de Titov is in good health and fe els fine. The h i s to r i ca l ly

unmatched, extended cosmic flight of the Soviet cosmonaut was successfully

accomp lished in acc orda nce with a predeterm ined fl ight assignment, and the

re su lt s obtained of investigations opened broad pe rspe ctiv es fo r fu rth er develop-

ment of co sm ic fl ights by man.

TASS Communique, per Pravda, August 7 , 1 9 6 1

Th e pilot cosmonaut, Herm an Titov, aboa rd the s pace ship Vostok I1,com-

ple ted twelve or bi ts around the Ear th a t 3 : O O a. m. Moscow tim e, August 'I, 1961,

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JPL AI/Tra nslation No. 24

covering a distance of 537,300 km.

continued to r em ain clo se to those calculated.

The orbi ta l pa ram ete rs of the spaceship

In acco rda nce with the plan, Major Titov was supposed to sle ep fr o m

6:30 p. m. August 6, t o 2 : O O a . m. August 7;

quency ranged between 53 and 67 beats p er minute.

2:37 a .m . and began to ca r r y out his duties a s scheduled.

that he s lept well and felt f ine. A l l equipment aboard the spaceship operated

norm ally, and the des ired hygienic condit ions inside the cabin wer e maintained.

During h is s leep Titov's p i l s e f r e -

The cosmonaut awakened at

Major Titov reported

Communication with the spaceship was outstanding.

Major Ti tov entered his f if teenth orbi t a t 6 : O O a. m. Moscow time . The

cosmonaut felt f ine af ter eating breakfa st at 5:45 a .m . and hz continued to c a r r y

out his d utie s of s cien tific investigations.

Numerous ins t ruments were ins ta l led aboard the spaceship -sa te l l i te .

These ins t rumen t s included rad io sys t em s fo r t r a j ec to ry m easuremen t s ; mul t i-

channeled t e l emet ry s ys t ems , which maintained obse rvation s of th e cosmonaut ' s

condition and instal lat ion s aboard the spaceship; and short- wave and ul tra -short-

wave receiving- and transmitt ing-communications systems, which automatically

engaged the t ape - re cor de r s to r eco rd the cosmonau t' s speech and t r an sm i t

these recordin gs by command f rom Ear th a t high speed.

During the r e s t period , the cosmonaut was able to uti l ize the long-range

r e c e i v e r fo r the reception of short -wave and medium-wave tr an sm is si on s. The

te levis ion sy s te m made i t poss ib le to observe sys tem at ica l ly the behavior of the

cosmonaut. An en tir e complex of sy ste ms maintained nor mal conditions f o r l ife

in the cabi n of the space shi p.

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JPL AI/Transla t ion No. 24

A variety of scien tif ic inst rum ents was instal led aboard the spaceship.

Biological objects w e r e pres ent ab oard the ship fo r the purpose of obtaining

additional data and fo r the study of th e influence of cos mic radi atio n on liv e

organ i sms

i l luminators .

magnified thr ee and five t imes.

Obaerva-tinns nf the E a r t h a ~ d ky ..:ere cc~.,duzted thro'igh three

The cosmonaut was ab le to uti l ize a n optical instru men t which

The spaceship-sa te l l i te completed i t s s ix teenth orbi t a round the Ear th a t

8:20 a. m. Moscow time . During that period Major Titov had cov ered 654,800

km. According to rep or ts , a l l sy s te ms aboard the spacesh ip opera ted normal ly,

and the successful accomplishment of the pr og ra m of scien tific investigations

continued.

The phy sical condition of the cosmonaut w a s superb and Major Titov

endured the condition of weig htles sne ss ve ry well. He was able to work ac cu r-

ate ly and to coordinate all activit ies. Norm al l iving condit ions w e r e p r e s e r v e d

insi de the cabin of the spacesh ip. Communication with the spac es hip w a s v e r y

satisfactory, and the flight continued.

Detailed Account of Flight

per Izvestia, August 8, 1961

On August 6, 1961, a t 9:00 a. m. Moscow time, the Soviet Union launched

into orbi t th e spacesh ip-sa te l l i te Vostok 11. The spa ces hip was piloted by a

ci tiz en of t he Soviet Union, pilot -cosmonaut Major Titov.

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JP L AI /Trans la t ion No. 2 4~

The pur po se of th e flight was to acco mp lis h the following:

1. To inv est iga te the influence of a n extended flight on a human

organ i sm,

to investigate the abil i ty nf a IT-= tc? v m k dlclring exte~ded

exposure to a condition of weightlessness, and

to obs erve the following re -e nt ry and landing on the Ea rt h ' s

s u r f a c e .

According to preliminary data, the space ship-sa te l l i te w a s injected into

2.

3 .

an orbit c los e to the one calculated, with the following pa ra me te rs : minimum

dis tance f rom the surf ace of the Ear th (per igee) equals 1 7 8 km; maximum dis-

tance (apogee) is 2 5 7 km; angle of o rbita l inclination toward the equ ator eq uals

64" 56'. The init ial rotat ional period of the spaces hip- satel l i te was 8 8 . 6 minutes.

Th e weight of Vostok 11, without the weight of the la s t stag e of th e c a r r i e r ro cke t,

was 4 7 3 1 kg. A two-way radio communication w a s established with the pilot-

cosmonaut. A t r an sm it te r !!Signal, '' which op er at es on the freque ncy of 19 .995

mc, w a s also ins ta l led aboard the spaceship .

The s ys tem s fo r maintain ing normal l i fe condit ions for the p i lo t -

cosmonaut were functioning in a no rm al manner, and the cosmonaut fel t f ine and

was in good spirits.

Th e flight of the Soviet -manned sp ace sh ip continued.

The Second O rbit Around Our P lan et

During his second orbit around the Earth, a number of communiques

fr om Major Titov test if ied to the fact that the f l ight was su cces sful , and that he

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JPL AI/Translatio n No. 24

According to tele me try readings the cosmonaut 's condit ion was ver y

satisfactory. His pulse frequency was 88 beats pe r minute, and hi s breathing

frequency was between 15 an d 18 pe r minute. Nor mal l iving condit ions w ere

maintained ins ide the cabin,

While passing ov er Afri ca, Major Titov broadcasted gree tings to the

people of Africa, and at 10:38 a. m. Moscow time , when over Soviet terr i to ry ,

the following me ssa ge was r eceiv ed:

I re po rt f rom aboard th e Soviet space ship Vostok I1

to the Central Committee of the Comm unist P ar tyof the Soviet Union, to the Soviet Go ve rnm ent , andpersonally to Com rade Khrushchev, that the f lightof the Soviet spaceship-satellite Vostok I1 is v e r ysuccessful . Al l sy st em s of the ship function no r-mally. I f ee l f ine . P lea se r e l ay my happ ies t g re e t -ings to t he en ti re population of the Soviet Union.

Khrushchev replied with a greeting telegram to Major Titov aboard the

spaceship. At 11:48 a. m. Moscow tim e, Vostok I1 completed i ts second orbit

around the Ear th .

The Third Orbit

The flight of the Soviet cosmic ship Vostok I1 continued ve ry s uccessfully

a s the spaces hip completed i t s third orbit around the Earth . A two-way ra dio

communication on sh or t -wave and ultra -sho rt-w ave ha s been maintained with the

cosmonaut .The television images received of the cosmonaut, te lem etr y information

about his well-being and conditions inside the cabin of the sp acesh ip, testif y that

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JP L AI/Translation No. 24

the flight took place in a normal manner.

and continued to c a r r y out his f l ight assignment.

Major Titov was i n ex cellent condition

During his th ird orbit , while passing ove r Europe, Major Titov broad -

cas ted g ree tin gs to the peo ples of the Soviet Union and a ll of Europe.

A t the end of the third orbit, between 12:30 and 1:OO p.m. Moscow time ,

Major Titov a te lunch.

c o u r s e s . After eating the cosmonaut reported: "1 ate lunch and f ee l excellent .

The cosmonaut's lunch consisted of th ree se pa ra te

The Fourth Orbit

During i t s four th orbi t the sp aceship-sa te l l i te passed ov er the c i t ie s of

Madrid, P a r i s , Copenhagen, Leningrad , Ulan-Ude, Shanghai, and Sidney. A s

pred eterm ined , the cosmonaut re ste d for one hour during the beginning of the

four th orbi t , engaged in some physical exercises, and then resumed the normal

activ it ies of the fl ight progr am.

At the end of th is orbi t the spaceship passed over the continent of South

Am erica , and Major Titov trans mitte d greetings to the peoples of South Am erica .

M a j o r Titov rep ort ed the fault less functioning of a l l instr ume nts aboard

For one hour the cosmonaut conducted tests of the manual guid-he spaceship .

ance sys t em.

maneuverabil i ty of the s pace ship by manual control .

Af ter completing h i s tests the cosmonaut reported the excellent

The Fifth Orbit

In se ve n flight -hours the Soviet spaceship-satell i te covered a distance of

2 0 0 , 4 0 0 km. During his f i f th orbi t Ti tov repor ted to the Ear th th ree t i me s , a s

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De ar Moscovites: Everything is in orde r in my cabin .T he p r e s s u r e is norm al, humidity is 7070, and thetempera tu re is 18" C.I hope you fee l the sa me . Ever ythin g is going well.Everything is perfect . I would like to w i s h everybodya peaceful night. I am getting re ad y to go to sl ee pmyself right now.

I am completely comfortable.

The cosmonaut was to take t im e out for s lee p from 6:30 p. m. Moscow

time, August 6 , until 2 : O O a . m. August 7 . The two-way radio communication

with the cosmonaut was interrupted during that time. The rad io - t e l emet ry

cont rol and obse rvati on of the cosmonaut continued. The l a t e s t t e l emet ry da ta

repor ted the cosmonaut ' s pulse a t 58 beats per minute dur ing his s leep.

The Tenth Or bit

At 11:45 p. m. Moscow tim e, Vostok I1 completed i ts tenth o rb it around

the Ear th , covering a dista nce of 410, 0 00 km, which is mo re than the d is tance

to the Moon.

According to radio- te lemetry-m easurement data , the spaceship ' s ins t r u-

mentation functioned normally.

The cosmonaut's condition was excellent. A t 11 : 2 6 p. m. Moscow time,

the pulse frequency of the cosmonaut was 58 beats per minute.

The flight of the Soviet spa ces hip -sa tel lite Vostok I1 continued su cc es s -

fully.

The Twelfth Orbit

Pil ot -cosmonaut H erma n Titov completed h i s twelfth or bit around the

E a r t h a t 3 : O O a . m. Moscow time, August 7 , 1961 , covering a d istan ce of

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537,300 km.

to those calculated.

The orbital para me ter s of the spacesh ip continued to rema in clo se

The cosmonau t awakened at 2:37 a . m . Moscow tim e, and began to ca r r y

out the duties of his schedule.

Major Titov repo rte d that he slept well , that the equipment aboard the

spa cesh ip operated norma lly, and that the desir ed hygienic conditions wer e

maintained insi de the cabin. He fel t excellent.

During his s lee p the cosmo naut 's pulse was 53 to 67 beats per minute .

The Fifteenth Orbit

Continuing his flight aboa rd the s pace ship -sa tel lit e Vostok 11, t he cosmo-

naut, Major Titov, began his f if teenth orbit around the Ear th a t 6 : O O a . m . Mos-

cow time . The cosmon aut 's health was excellent . At 5:45 a . m . Moscow tim e,

he a te a hear ty breakfas t , and resu med h i s duties as provided by the program.

The Sixteenth Orbi t

At 8:20 a . m. Moscow tim e, the space ship -sate ll i te Vostok I1 completed

its sixt eenth orb it around the Ea rth . The cosmonaut, Major Titov, had covered

a dis tance of 654, 800 km.

The Biograph y of a New Cosmonaut

H er m an Stephanovich Titov was born in 1935 in the villag e of Upp er

Zhilino, Kosikh insk regi on of the Altay country, the son of a high school te ac he r.

By nationality Titov is a Russ ian .

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JP L AI /Transla t ion N o . 24

In 1943 Titov enter ed the gra de school at the collective fa rm "Mayskoe

Utro" (the morning of May) in the sa m e region where his m othe r had moved af te r

the beginning of the war.

In 1950 Titov g r a d w t e d f r n m a g r d e cchnnl in the vil lage nf PnlknniknVC!

in the s a m e region, and then enter ed and graduated fr om the Malotikhinsk High

School.

In 1949 Titov became a member of the Communist Youth Organization,

Komsomol.

m a r k s ,

the t i t l e of P i lo t F i r s t C las s .

r eg ion to s e r ve in the A i r F o r c e .

Com mun ist P a r t y of the Soviet Union.

After completing all his examinations in piloting with excellent

Titov graduated fro m a military aviation school in 1957 and received

Titov was assigned then to the Leningrad m ili t ary

He is a candidate fo r mem bership in th e

Titov is ma rri ed ; his wife, Ta ma ra, was born in 1937.

Titov's father, Stepan Pavlovich, w a s bor n in 1910 and was a te ac he r of

Russ ian , Li te ra tu re , and the Ger man language at a high school in the vil lage

Polkovnikovo of the Altay country. Ti tov 's

moth er, Aleksan dra, was born in 1914.

The elder Titov ret i re d in 1961.

The Takeoff of Vostok I1

Excerpts from report by a special TASS CorrespondentA. Romanov

pe r Komsomolskaya, Pra vda, August 8, 1961

I t was a very hot day. O ur car sped smoothly over the paved highway,

cutting through the l imi tl es s f lat lands of the des ert . We passed through several

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villages and townships.

the distance a number of huge str uct ur es appe ared.

could see the si lvery cigar-shaped body of a mult i -s tag e ro cket through the

m a z e nf m-eta-llic c n n t r l ~ c t i n n . Hcge g a ~ t r i e s , ently but f i r r , l y, suppzlrted

the rocket .

busily engaged in las t minute prep arat ions .

The road suddenly made a sh arp tur n, and before us in

When we ca me clo se r we

This was the launching pad. I noticed many people near the rocket

An elevato r cam e down fr om the top of the roc ke t, and a sho rt , wiry

young man jumped lightly out of i t .

g r a y t r o u s e r s .

the man who was responsible for al l prepara t io ns for the f l ight in to space .

would not have noticed the young man i n the g ra y s hi rt i f someone standing near by

had not said, "That is the cosmonaut Herman Titov. Titov had l ively gra y ey es,

and a s mi le played continuously on h i s l i p s .

y e a r s .

He was wearing a gray tennis shirt and light

He approached a group of people headed by the chief designer,

I

He didn't s ee m to be old er than 26

In the evening (August 5, 1961) , a l l prep ara t i ons were completed .

me t the ast ron aut again and had a chance to talk to him fo r a l i t t le while.

We

The morning of August 6, a hot sun hung over the endless Kirgiz Steppe,

giving a gold reflection to the s i lv ery spaces hip atop the huge m iss ile and the

s t ru c tu r es on the cosmodrom. Members of the governmental commission w ere

gath ered a t the commanding post: well -known Soviet sci en tis ts , de sig ne rs, tes t

en gin eer s, and the staff of the launching group .

men ta l commiss ion made h i s f ina l s ta tement to the pr es s : "All f l ight pr ep ara -

t ions a r e comple ted .

The chai rman of the gove rn-

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JPL AI/Trans la t ion No. 24

A l l person nel left the launching are a, except a few key people ne ar the

A blue bus drove up to the rocket.ocket .

walked over to the launching pad.

He rm an Titov got off the bus and

He was wearing an orange-colored spacesuit

U l l U nr l 2 h o l m o tA u L A A - u . . ,with. A * * * t h eA A U i n c o r i n t i n nA - Y V - A y"Av" flTTC'2RY Y - Y 1 1 . Afte r shaking hands i;/ith h i s c = ~ ~ -

r ades , fu tu re cosmonau t s 3 , 4, and 5, Herman Titov ente red the elev ator . At

the elevator he was met by the chairm an of the com missio n, so me sc ien tis ts and

the Chief D esig ner . They a ll hugged h im and shook hands with him .

In order to enter the e levator, Titov had to walk up a s ta ir ca s e. At the

top of the s ta ir ca se he turned around and sa id a few words of gre eting

peo ple of t he Sovie t Union.

to the

One of the s ci en ti st s handed Titov a log book. "Log Journ al of the Space-

sh ip Vostok 11" was insc ribe d on the cover.

book by a string.

fo r the top of the rock et.

The gantr ies w ere s lowly removed.

A pencil was fastened to the log

Herm an Titov ent ered the elevator, which took off immediately

We sa w Titov enter h is cabin inside the spacesh ip.

We stoo d on a spe cial platform to obs erv e the rocket take-off . The plat-

f o r m was loc ated about one and a half km f rom the rocket .

he ar everything that was taking place near the ro cket .

announced X-10 minutes.

By radio, we could

The voice ov er the radio

The ch air ma n of the governmental commissio n asked the cosmonaut about

his fee l in gs a t tha t moment .

X-1 minute . . . 10 seconds . . . 5 seconds . . . s t a r t !

1 ' 1 fe el excellent", answ ered Titov. X-5 minutes.

W e could s ee the s i lve ry rocket completely f ree d f rom i ts suppor ts ; i t

began to r i s e ve ry s lowly. I t s eem ed ex t remely s l o w to u s . It was exactly

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J P L AI /Trans lation No. 24

9 : 0 0 a. m . Moscow time. The roc ket began to take on speed and the fo rm of a

fire ball . At that moment i t se em ed as though the re w ere two Suns in the sky.

At a com parative ly low alt i tude the cosmic sh ip changed i ts co ur se somew hat,

inclined it s nose, a n i hegafi it s speedy departure tcw.ard it s ~ r b i t .

roc ket disap peared com pletely in the blue heavens.

Scan th e

The La ndi ng of Vostok I1

Herm an Ti tov landed in the Sara tov ar ea not fa r f rom the p lace where

Gaga r in had landed his spaceship , Ap r i l 1 2 , 1 9 6 1 .

Soviet, an eye witness to Titov's landing, des crib ed the event a s follows:

"T he morn ing of August 7 we heard a thundering sound coming fro m the

The C hair ma n of the Regional

sky. After a l i t t le while, we not iced the spaces hip in the c le ar sky coming in for

a landing. Nearby,members of the collective fa rm brigad e wer e working, headed

by Nikolay Andreyev. The se fa rm er s saw the spaceship , i t s landing, and the

emerg ing cosmonaut.

over to gr ee t the cosmonaut.

ca r, Herm an Ti tov was having a l ive ly conversa t ion with the fa rm er s .

f a r m e r s helped him take off his f l ight suit .

Thr ee of the far m er s grabbed the i r motorcycles and sped

When I arr iv ed at the landing point in my 'Pobeda'

The

"1 offered Titov a lift to town in my c ar . Titov told m e that he would be

with m e in a minute.

out af te r a while car ry in g a pile of pa pers and a book with a white cov er .

was his log book.

spe cia l conta in er ins ide the ship .

ship in a ma t te r of minu tes .

He went back to the space ship , en ter ed the cabin, and ca me

This

Be fo re leaving the ship, Titov took a drin k of w ater fr om the

Severa l hundred fa rm er s gathered around the

Many came on moto rcycles , t rucks , and even on

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JP L AI/Translation No. 24

t rac to r s .

happy. He spo ke qui te a bit about his friend , Yuri Gagarin, and hi s wife , who

is now a student in a medical school.

En route to o ur town, Titov was joking and he se em ed to be very

N ew s spr ead s quickly. When we ar ri ve d in town, the st re et s were

lined with hundreds of people who cam e to gr ee t the hero . Many of the m threw

flowers at us .

1 1

I t

llAbout an hour la ter an airplane arr ive d and Titov left f or Moscow.

(Exc erpts fr om pr es s conference at the Academy of Sciences USSRwith cosmonaut number two, Her man Titov)

Pravda, August 1 2 , 1961

At the Moscow State University on August 11, 1961, a pr es s conference

of Soviet and foreign corre spon dent s took place, dedicated to the suc ces sfu l

flight of th e seco nd spa cesh ip with a man aboard.

ize d by th e Academy of Scien ces USSR and the M inistr y of Fore ign A ff a i r s of the

Soviet Union. The Pr es id en t of the Academy, Acad emici an M. V. Keldysh,

opened the confe rence with the following speech:

The conference was organ -

Co mra des , Ladie s and Gentlemen:I

On August 6, 1961, at 9:00 a . m . Moscow tim e, the Soviet Union launched

It w a s piloted by the Soviethe sp ac es hi p Vostok I1 into an or bi t of a satell i te.

pilot-cosmonaut, Major Titov.

During a period of 24 hour s and 18 minu tes Major Titov cover ed a d i s -

tance of m o r e than 700,000 km, completing mo re than 1 7 orbi t s around the

- 1 5 -


20/49


Ea rth , and, on August 7, 10: 18 a. m. Moscow ti m e, he executed a success fu l

landing in a predesignated region in Soviet Union te rr it or y.

The outstanding flight of th e s pac esh ip- sa tell ite Vostok I1 is a t remen-

dous achievement of Soviet scien ce and technique, and fo r the en ti re Soviet

population a s well. We have decided to put the ou tstanding achie vem ents of the

Soviet Union in rocket technique in serv ice for the peace and prog ress of man-

kind.

The fl ights of Soviet spacesh ips ar e proof that we a r e nearing the t im e

when man w i l l be able to penetrate deep into cosm ic sp ace , and to make age-

long dr ea ms about flights to the Moon, Mar s, Venus, and even dee per into the

Universe come t rue .

m y s t e r i e s of na tu re which a r e hidden in the depths of s pac e. New phenomena

which we might meet on oth er plane ts will be utilized fo r improv ing life on

Ear th .

Mankind has entered a new era in the disc ov ery of the

The s pace ship Vostok I1 rep res ent s a gre at achievem ent of scien ce and

The spa cesh ip includes al l conditions for the as su ra nc e of extendedesign.

cosmic fl ight .

fo r landing on Ear th .

sh ip ' s f l ight manually, and to maneuver i t in orbi t a s re quire d for sc ient i f ic

obse rva t ions .

point on the Earth.

It is equipped with ins tallati ons for a utom atic flight cont rol and

In addition, it is possible for the pilot to control the

The pilot has the capability of landing the sp ace shi p at any given

A continuous communication between the cosmonau t and the Ea rt h w a s

maintained. During the ent ire duration of the flight, the cosmonaut w a s con-

ver sin g with E arth, giving information about the operation of the s pa ces hip 's

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J P L AI/Transla t ion No . 24

structure and equipment, the progress of the f light prog ram, and his perso nal

observations and condition.

f rom Ear th .

tion for inv estigating conditions of cosm ic flight, and for obtaining objective

readings, and indications of the behavior of the cosmonaut.

The cosmonaut receive d continuous information

The space ship -sate ll i te was equipped with scientif ic ins tru me nta -

The flight of the s pace ship has yielded valuable scienti fic infor matio n.

After processing , this information w i l l become the prop erty of a l l scie nti sts in

the world.I I

After hi s sp eec h Pr es id en t Keldysh of the Academy of Sci ence s p re -

Following this short ceremonyented H erm an Titov with a spec ial award.

Titov describ ed his f l ight into space.

Speech by H. S. Titov

Co mr ade s, Ladie s, and Gentlemen:

t

It is difficult for m e to d es cr ib e to you the unusual things which I have

seen and exper ienced in space .

th is f l ight seem ed to be a natura l event for me, because I have been prepar ing

f o r i t f o r a long t ime , and I w a s used to it.

The difficulty con sis ts pr ima ril y of the fact that

I w i l l attempt to tel l you about my fl ight and sh ar e my imp res sio ns with

you,to the b es t of m y ability.

F i r s t of al l , I know very well that the spaceship w a s const ructed by o u r

sc ien t is ts , engineers , technic ians , and workers . I have completely studied the

ship. The spaceship, its s t ruc ture and ins t rumentat ion were repeatedly tes ted

in fl ight . Secondly, I know that a l l s yst em s which s ecu red l iving condit ions for

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JP L AI/Trans la t ion No . 2 4

a man ins ide the cabin were tes ted and re-checked dur ing numerous

exp erim ents on Eart h and in f l ight .

You probably know that my profession is that of a fighter pilot.

f l ight pract ic e on contem porary f ighter p lanes cr i t ic a l s i tua t ions unavoidably

occu r which req uir e immedia te at tention and co rre cti ve reactio n with the spe ed

of lightening.

himself; his thinking blends in with action to the point whe re i t is imposs ible to

dete rmin e which takes place f i r s t , action o r reasoning.

aboard f ighter p lanes helped me very much dur ing th is co smic f light .

tion, I w a s t ra ine d fo r this par t icu lar f l ight over an extended period of t ime.

During

A fighter pilot eventually becomes l ike a n automatic machine

Thus , the exper ience

In addi -

The rocket broke away f rom the Ear t h exact ly a t 9:00 a. m. Moscow

time. Acceleration , noise, and vibrations during the secto r of injection wer e

endu red ve ry w ell and without any trouble, and I conducted obs erva tion s through

the i l lum inato rs, followed the instru men ts, and maintained two-way communi-

cation with the Earth. After the last stage motor was shut off , weight lessness

began. The f i r s t imp ress ion ( the very f i rs t few seconds) was that I w a s flying

with my fee t up. After a few seconds , however, everything re tur ned to normal.

The Sun shone through the i l lumin ators and the re was s o much light

inside the c abin that I could tur n off the ar t if ici al i l lumination.

when the Sun did not shine directly into the illuminators, it w a s poss ib le for me

to ob se rv e simulta neou sly the Ea rth , which was illuminated by the Sun, and the

s t a r s above, which wer e sh arp and bright l i t t le points on a ve ry black sky.

At the moment

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JPL AI /Translat ion N o . 2 4

The instrume nts indicated that the spac eshi p enter ed i ts orb it . I

received confirmation from Ear th that the spaceship w a s prec i se ly in it s calcu-

lated orbit . Consequently, I began to ca rr y out my assigne d flight pro gra m.

Snnn th e S p C P C h i p e?l terec! the Earth's shadGw. It might be Gf iiiterest

to mention that before the ship left the Ear th ' s shadow it w a s poss ib le to d is -

t inguish the Ea r th f rom the sky.

Ear th stood out in the s ky with i ts l ight grayish shade. It w a s even possible to

notice the di rec tio n of mov ement of the E ar th by following the di spla ceme nt of

thi s gray shadow. The fact that the Earth did not appe ar to be black s ee ms to

be ca used by the Moon, which reflected solar rays towards the Earth.

Where it w a s not illuminat ed by the Sun, the

While I w a s stil l in the Ear th 's shadow (at 1 O : O O a. m. Moscow time ), I

engaged the shi p 's manual-fl ight control in accord ance with the f l ight prog ram.

It w a s ve ry ea sy and convenient to guide and cont rol the ship, to or ie n-

tate the ship in any given position, and t o d i rec t it , when neces sary , at any

given mom ent.

my wil l and to m y hands.

I engaged the manual-guidance sy st em once again during the seventh orbi t.

t he sam e t ime , I conducted obser vations through the i l luminators, and main-

t aine d radio communication.

I felt that I was the ma st er of the ship. The ship responded to

According to the pro gra m for scientif ic observation s,

At

I mu st mention her e that during the ent ire f light a rel iab le two-way com-

munication with the Ear th on sh ort -waves and ultra-shortwa ves w a s maintained.

Even when the ship w a s a t it s most distant points in orb it from the USSR I w a s

still in contact with ground stations; I l i stened to the i r rep or t s and t ransmit ted

my own information to them.

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24/49

J P L AI/Transla t ion No . 24

In addition to the two-way communication instruments, a long-range

rece iver was a ls o ins ta l led aboard the spaceship . With it I l i s tened to t ra ns -

missions from Moscow and other radio stat ions.

D l ~ r i n g flight I t r a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i t t e c !reetings G - < c ~ he r ad io i;o my comracies

in Moscow, the peoples of the Soviet Union, Europ e, Asia , Africa, North and

South America, and Australia.

I t was v ery in ter es t ing to observe the Ear th f ro m space . One could

dist inguish riv er s, mountains, and cultivated fields (plowed fields and fre sh ly

harv este d fields could be dist inguished by the ir coloring).

clouds w a s very good.

shadows they casted on the s ur fac e of the Ear th.

Ear th appeared in the il luminator, and this w a s a mos t in teres t ing pic ture . The

f rom the

The visibility of

They could be distinguished eas il y from snow by the

So met ime s the horizon of the

co lo rs of the Ea r t h ' s corona passed through all shades of the rainbow,

brightly i l luminated E art h to the pitch black sky.

halo. Som etimes the Ea rt h hung over my head, and I wondered, 'Wh at's hold-

ing it up t h e r e ? '

In general it was a bluish

Twice the Moon floa ted by in view of the i l luminators. It looked the

sa me f r om the Ear th--nothing s pecia l about it.

Inside the cabin norma l cl im atic condit ions were maintained during the

f l igh t. The p r es su re equal led a tmospher i c p re s su re . A normal t empera tu re

and a no rm al ga s content of the a i r were maintained.

unusual.

I could not smell anything

In other words , the a i r conditioning sys tem during the f l ight opera ted

in a n exce l l ent manner.

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JP L AI/Transla t ion No. 24

I ate lunch about 12:30 p. m. , and during my six th orbit I ate dinn er. In

or der to be honest , I must say t h a t I did not have any spe cial appe tite, probably

the result of the extended condition of weightlessness and a cer tai n amount of

excitement. The flight p r q r a m , hc!wever, hac! tc! h e m r r i e d G u t , 2E.1 I ate.

I also had to use the to ilet instal lat ion aboard the spaces hip a few tim es. This

instal lat ion operated normally.

During the seventh and twelfth or bit s I w a s supposed to sleep .

I did not sl ee p continuously.

This I

I awakened sometimes.car r ie d out accura te ly.

Finally I fe l l deeply asleep. I even overs lept the t ime for m y shor t -wave com -

munication, which w a s supposed to begin a t 2 : O O a . m. Moscow tim e. I awak-

ened at the beginning of the thirt eenth o rbit.

During the flight I took som e physical exe rci ses , and made a l l kinds of

se l f observat ion as pres cr ibe d by our medical doctors .

The automa tic landing complex which sec ur ed the descent and landing of

the spaceship at the predesignated region was activated during the 17th orb it .

Completely automatic systems of orientations, activation of braking moto rs,

guidance and descent were utilized in this flight, jus t a s i n the f i r s t manned

sp ace flight. However, i f necessa ry, I would have been ab le to land the ship

safe ly wi th my manual control .

The spaceship w a s or iented , the braking motor ( re t ro -roc ket ) was ac t i -

vated, and the spac eship entered the descent trajector y. I did not cover up the

blinds of the i l luminato r before the descent, and therefore I w a s able to observ e

with grea t in te re st the bri ght illumination of the a i r , which enveloped the space-

ship dur ing it s re -e nt ry in to the dense layers of the a tmosphere . The colo rs of

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26/49


27/49

JPL AI /Translatio n No. 2 4

effects of w eigh tles sne ss and other f act or s on the body of a man dur ing the

per iod of t ime req uired to c i rc le the Ea r th once .

Titov, the possibility of a day-long life cycle w a s studied.

t i o n of t h e physical body and i t s separa te phys io logica l s y s t e m s w e r e i nves t i -

gated. The cos mo nau t 's abil i ty to work was studied with reg ar d to contro l of

the spaceship, and it s sy st em s which maintained conditions for l ife activity, and

al so the individual means which s ecu red flight safety.

le ss ne ss to which the man was subjected ove r a period somewhat longer than a

day,were investigated f i r s t of a l l during the space flight of the ship.

During the flight of H erm an

The general condi-

The effects of weight-

It should be mentioned tha t the flight of Titov w a s conducted at a period

when the rad iation background i n spa ce was mo st favorable.

our physic is ts , as t r ono mer s , and biologis ts , who predic ted so la r erupt ions by

opt ica l observat ions of s ola r ac t iv i t ies , and radia t ion res ea rc h by di rec t sound-

ings of the st ra tos ph er e made this possible. Al l sys tem s which a s su red neces -

s a ry cond it ions fo r a man aboard a spaceship for a ten-day co smic f l ight were

provided. A lot of work w a s conducted before the flight on the operation of the

ins t rum ents , and thorough prepara t ion and t ra in ing for the f l ight w a s given to

the cosmonaut.

T he r e s e a r c h of

Pr e l i mi na ry re su l ts of sc ient i f ic inves tigations g ive a basis to conclude

that the f l ight w a s successful .

conditio ns in the cabin of the sp aceship .

A l l sys tem s aboard mainta ined the nece ssa ry

P r e s s u re ins ide the cabin equal led one a tmosphere ; the tempe ratu re

v a r i ed f r o m 10 to 22"C , and w a s regulated i n accord anc e with the body heat of

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28/49


29/49

JP L AI/Transla t ion N o . 24~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

During hi s co smic f l ight Titov car r ie d out a ll necessa ry na tu ra l

functions: he ate, slep t , and made us e of the sa ni tar y instal lat ions without any

difficult ies.

I t is very important to mention that the extended conditions of weightless-

ne ss had c er ta in effec ts on the ves t ibular sys tem which w e r e a t t imes expressed

by unpleasant sensatio ns l ike vomiting, etc.

retu rne d to h is origina l position and did not execute any sh ar p motions with his

head, all thes e indicated sensa tions disappeared alm ost completely. I t is pos -

sible that this resulted from individual peculiari t ies of Herman Titov's physical

s t r u c t u r e .

r eq u i r e s fu r the r s tudy.

However, when the cosmonaut

The refo re, the s tat e of a man in condit ions of weightlessness

After s lee p these changes decre ased considerably, and af ter the ac t iva-

tion of t he bra kin g sys tem , they d isappea red completely.

co sm ic flight, Her man Titov did not have any il l effects in his health; al l phys-

iological functions were on the level of original data.

w a s pre se r ved comple te ly.

After completing his

Tito v's abil i ty to work

The re su lt s of this f l ight enriched Soviet scie nce , part icul arly cosmic

biology and medicine, with much new scientific data, which a r e being pr oc es se d

cur ren t ly.

I1- e re ca r r i e d out comple tely.The prog ram of scientif ic investigations aboard the spaceship Vostok

- 2 5 -


30/49

JP L AI/Transla t ion No. 24 .

Radio Communications Earth - Vostok I1

Speech by V . A . Kotelnikov

Comm unications with the spa cesh ip Vostok I1 w e r e a.ccomplished hy

The ins trumenta t ion requirements f or radio communicat ions were veryadio .

high, becau se ext reme ly rel iab le communications needed to be maintained with

the cosmonaut at al l t imes during his f light .

and ve ry light in weight, and re qu ir ed a low power supply.

Tran smis s ion f rom the spaceship to Ear t h was accompl ished wi th two

Instrumentatio n had to be compact

parallel-operating short-wave telegraph-telephone transmitters which operated

with an amplitude regulation. The frequency of these tra ns mi tte rs was 15.765

and 20.006 mc, and they operated through special dividing filters on a common

antenna .

During the f l ight over the Soviet Union, the tran sm iss ion fro m the sp ace -

sh ip was conducted with the help of a third ultra-s hort -wa ve tra ns mit ter .

Ul t r a-sh or t -waves mainta ined par t icular ly re l iable communicat ion, s inc e thei r

prop agati on did not depend upon the conditions of the ionized la y er s of a tm os -

phere, and they wer e not subjected to disturbances fro m other stat ions .

ever, thes e waves curved the Ear t h very poor ly and, there fore , for the purpose

of comm unication over v ery la rg e distances, wer e not convenient.

quency of the u l t ra-shor t -wave t rans mit te r was 143.625 mc.

How-

T h e f r e -

Th i s t r ansmi t t e r

op era ted with a fr eque ncy modulation in a band of *30 kc over a s pec ial antenna.

Messag es f rom thes e t ransmi t ters were received by receiving s ta t ions located

throughout the Soviet Union. In addit ion, r epo rts indicate that sign als fr om

- 2 6 -


31/49


32/49


the t ransm iss i ons f rom Ea r th over three dynamic sp ea ke rs in the cabin .

this purpose, however, he had to take off his helmet.

F o r

An ' 'automatic sten ogr aph er" in the f or m of a t a pe r e c o r d e r w a s a l s o

located i n i d e the cabin. Th e tape r e c c r d e r W ~ S L'iriizd oil aiitomiliicaiiy every

t im e the cosmonaut began to talk. When the s paces hip pas sed over the Soviet

Union, thes e recordin gs were t ransmit ted to Ear th by the u l t ra-shor t -w ave

t r a n s m i t t e r , for economical rea so ns , using a speed step-up of sev en t ime s.

In addition to the instru mentatio n for radio, telephone, and tele gra ph communi-

cat ions , the spaceship was a ls o equipped with te levis ion ins t rum ents , which

tra ns mi tte d ima ges of the cosmonaut to Earth.

we re uti l ized aboard the spaceship: one with a nar row band (uti l ized

aboard spacesh ips dur ing e a r l i e r f l igh ts ) which t r ansmi t t e d images with a r e s o -

luti on of one hundred lin es , and one new sy st em of wide-band TV, which secured

a res olu tion of four hundred l ines. The lat ter sy ste m wa s t e s te d f o r th e first

t im e dur ing th is fl ight. In both sys tem s ten f ra me s per second were t ran s-

mitted. Each t e l evi s ion sys t e m w a s equipped with its own telev ision t r a n s -

mit ter, opera t in g in the u l t ra-shor t -wave range. TV r ecep t ion w a s conducted

a t se ve ra l points in the Soviet Union.

spec ia l t e l ev i s ion sc r een s and recorded on f i lm s in sychonization with physio-

logical function data.

f l ight al lowing conditions of weigh tlessne ss to be obse rve d and rec ord ed.

He rm an Titov evaluated the complicated ra dio ins trumen tation highly,

Two television instal lat ions

.

On Earth , images were moni tored on

Both sy s te ms opera ted completely no rmal ly dur ing the

making the following stat eme nt at Red Square aft er his return: "Radio

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33/49

J P L AI /Transla t ion No. 24

communications operated s o well that during the en tir e du rati on of flight, at

any point of my orbit, I could mai ntai n contact with my beloved Fa the rla nd. I'

Pr el i mi nar y f l ight experiments made it possible to check out and te st

coixipieieiy iie of coKIK,-ar~cz~~orl v-e'r sklort-waves u:ti-a-short=

waves, to dete rmi ne the effects of acoustic al noise during the accel erat ion se c-

tor, to te st legibili ty, to evaluate the effect of th e mo tor s in ope rati on on the

pass ing radio waves, to determin e the possibil i ty of simultaneous operation of

both the rec ei ve rs and tra nsm itt er s during the fl ight, etc.

The work i n rad io communication with the cosmonaut proved that it is

enti rely possible to maintain communications even at long distances. When our

Soviet men a r e able to f ly to the nea res t p lanets , they wil l be able to ta lk t o

the Fat herl and with full ass ur an ce and keep television contact with us.

Answers to Questions

T he pr es id en t of Academy of Sciences, M. B. Keldysh, sa id that he

rec eive d two questions,and he would t r y to a nsw er them.

First question: The Soviet Government ha s announced that the sp ac e-

ships have a peaceful mission. The question is: Wil l the pres enc e of foreign

cor resp onde nts be p erm itte d during launchings of spac eshi ps in the Soviet Union

a s they a r e in the United States of Ame rica ?

Answer: They wi l l ; of c o u r se they will . We a r e doing everything that is

poss ib le to c a r r y out this promise . However, you wil l understan d that the

c a r r ie r rock et has o ther potentia ls than peaceful miss ions . If the Americans

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34/49


had perfec ted such ca r r ie r rock ets , they would a l so have not permit te d fore ign

corres pond ents t o view them.

We a r e doing everything th at is in our power to u t il i ze these ca r r i e r

rocke t s for science a n i peace.

achieve a gener a l and to ta l d isarmament . In tha t case, th er e would be no obsta -

W e re d g h g e-.rer;.tbir?- 6 that is pcss ib l r t o

c le s fo r sc i ence.

Ano ther question: What w i l l be the nature of the next cosmic flight?

Answer: Our sc ien tis ts and design ers work along a broad p rogram,

They work towar d the fu rth er development of o rb it al flights. Their objectives

a r e f l ights to the nea res t p lanets .

nec ess a ry to inc r eas e the f l ight pe riod.

ets and cosm ic ships mo re perfec t . When a ll c u r r e n t d a ta is studied and ana -

lyzed proper ly, w e w i l l know exactly the nature of ou r next f l ight.

It is understood that for this purpose it is

It is n e c e s s a r y a l s o t o ma ke o u r r o c k -

N ow Herman Titov will answer questions.

Herman Titov Replies to Questions By Correspondents

Question: Does a pilot experience a l ightness and opt imism in a s t a te of

we igh t l e s sness ?

Answer: I have alre ad y mentioned i n my sp eech that the st ate of weight-

le ss ne ss does not affec t the mood of the pilot. I w a s i n a happy mood durin g the

flight, but I don't think that thi s w a s the effect of weigh tlessne ss. On the con-

t r a r y , I think that this w a s a re su lt of my unusu al situation, unusual as fa r as

w e o n E a r t h a r e c o nc er ne d.

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JP L AI/Transla t ion No. 24

Question: Tel l us , p lease , how were you ab le to awaken fro m you r

s l eep a t an a lmo s t p rede te rmined moment?

Answer: I had a pr og ra m to fulfill, and a cosmona ut ' s schedule dur ing

Evei-y liiliiiite of t;r?;e had t o behe prepara t ion fo r a fiighi; w a s v e r y s t r i c t .

accounted for.

fligh t period. However, as you alr ea dy know, I ove rsl ept by 35 minutes .

I got used t o this schedule. I accounted fo r ev er y minute of my

Question: In what position did you sleep, si t t ing o r lying down?

Answer: I mu st s ay that under conditions of w eightlessness i t is v e r y

difficult to de ter min e the position in which one is-- sit tin g, lying down, o r s t and-

ing up. For tha t reason, I am unable to answer th is ques tion.

Question: T h e r e e x i s t s a so-called 24-hour biological cycle in a human ' s

l i fe . This cycle w a s broken during the flight.

you? Could you tell us what effect it would have had on your physical stat e i f

the ex per im ent would have continued for a mo re extended period of t i me ?

What effec ts did th is have on

Answer: I have a l read y repo r ted that the rhythm of life was not dis-

tor ted .

them.

of time.

we accomplished it duri ng one day.

The prog ram of my activit ies was de term ined on Ear th, and I followed

I ca n te ll you now that the flight could have continued fo r a longer period

The f l ight pro gram w a s s e t u p f o r a one-day duration, and that is why

Question: You re po rte d that you took s om e physical ex erc ise aft er your

What d id these exe rc i ses cons i s t o f? How did they help you?

Answer: I t has been said m a ny t i m es a l r e a d y in o u r p r e s s , a s well a s

This is

s leep.

abroad, tha t a cosmonaut must be a well-developed man physically.

nat ura l beca use the unusual conditions of a cosmic f l ight requ ire grea t physica l

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J F L AI/Transla t ion No. 2 4

effor ts f ro m a cosmonaut.

exe rc ise s and what they did for m e is self-explanatory.

gr am for physical ex er ci se s was developed by doc tors and physical education

instn?cters

ca rr ie d out th is progra m completely.

I think that your question about my physical

A prede te rmined p r o -

having i n IEind the cenditiens i n s idz the cabin &iring 8 flight. I

Question: Could you give so me advice o r informat ion to American cos -

monauts ?

Answer: Of course i t ' s difficult to give advice, beca use we a r e al re ad y

conducting manned or bit al flights.

I can, however, wish them s uc ce ss in the peaceful conquest of sp ace .

We are in no position to give them advice.

Question: Do you think that your spaceship Vostok I1 is capable of long

dis tance cosmic f l ights?

I '

Answer: How should I in te rp re t the expre ssi on long distance cos mi c

fl ig ht s? " My flight would have cov er ed the dis tan ce to the Moon and back. If

we keep thi s in mind, then i t is possible to fly a s f a r a s one l ikes.

f l ights to o ther p lanets , I mu st an sw er that the s pac esh ip Vostok I1 w a s desig-

nated for o rbi tal f l ights.

Question: Could Vostok I1 c a rr y two men on an orbi ta l f l ight?

Answer: In prin ciple , yes , of cour se. However, the spac eship w as

A s f o r

designed only for one man.

Question: You s a id tha t you could have landed Vostok I1 a t any given

point on the E ar th ' s surfa ce .

bomb al so to any point on the E ar th ' s sur face ?

Does that mean that you could have delivered a

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JPL AI/Translation No. 24

( A voice f r o m the audience asked the following: Who as ke d that

ques t ion? I)

H er ma n Titov: New York He ral d Tribun e. What ca n I sa y? On nume r-

~ 11 . c . i c~as ic f i s he Se..~iet G e ~ / e r p - z e ~ t as ~ ; o i ~ t e ddt that Soviet izvest@tioLis

of spa ce s er ve only peaceful purposes .

However, as long as we a r e talking about it , I might t el l you confidentially that

the spa cesh ip Vostok I1 is not equipped for ca rry ing bombs.

I think that everybody knows tha t .

Question: After his orb ital f l ight, Yuri Gagarin mentioned hi s fr iend

1 1

and called him Cosmonaut 11.

mind.

f r iends , cosmonauts No. 3 , 4, etc. ?

Now the entire world knows that he had you in

Could you tel l the Hungarian re ad er s about the pers ona l quali t ies of your

Answer: You can draw som e conclusions by yours elf now. Yuri Gagarin

You ca n probably ima gine who the o the ralked about me. Now you can s e e me.

cosmonauts a re . I can te l l you, however, that my cosmonaut com rad es ar e a ll

outstanding boys.

wil l conduct themselves just a s well as I did and maybe bett er in ca rry ing out

the i r a s s ignment s .

They a r e all fu lly prepared f or cosmic f lights . I think they

Question: Recently th er e were explosions and per tuba tion s on the Sun,

Each August the E ar th pa ss es through a meteor shower.

danger of your f l ight ?

Answer: Pr of es so r Yazdovsky reported that the radiation background

Did th is in crea se the

w a s comple tely norm al and my fl ight w a s t racked ve ry thoroughly.

I did not exp ect any unexpected events.

There fo re ,

In case of an emergency, I could have

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JPL AI/Trans la t ion No. 24

landed the s hip a t any point on Ear th.

addition, the spa ces hip Vostok I1 w a s protected f ro m radia t ion.

There w a s no s pec ia l danger. In

Question: Did you use a for k and spoon for eating your food? What did

v n i i hawe f o r dinner ?./-- --.

Answer: I did not have to us e any sp ecia l technique fo r eating. My din-

ne r c ons iste d of sp ec ial food which w a s prepared by our sc ien t i s t s , an d it w a s

contained i n tubes.

w a s the en tir e feeding operation.

I had to squeeze it out from the tubes and swallow. This

Question: Were the re any photographs taken of the Ea rt h f rom aboard

the spacesh ip ?

Answer: I took a s imp le re po rt er 's movie cam er a lfKonvas 'l with me. I

took se ve ra l f i lm s f rom aboard the spaceship .

a r e being p rocessed .

they w i l l come out.

take p icu t res and f i lms of the beautiful view.

At the pre sen t t ime, my f i lm s

I am not much of a photographer and I don't know how

I think that a profes sional photographer should go up and

With this, the press conference adjourned.

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JPL A I / Tr a n s l a t i o n No. 24

Fig. 1. Major He rm an Ti tov.

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JPL AI /Trans l a t i on No. 24

Fig. 2. Herm an Ti tov in h i s spac es u i t b e f o r e f l igh t of Vostok 11.

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JPL AI/Translation No. 2 4

HH

A0

CR+

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JPL A I / Tr a n s l a t i o n No. 2 4

- -_ . I ______I_ I__

Fig. 5. Photo taken by H. Titov through por thole .S t a r s a r e v i si b le o v er E a r t h ' s h o ri zo n.

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JP L AI/Trans l a t ion No. 24

Fig. 6. Photo taken by H. Titov through porthole of Vostok 11.A r iver junct ion is v i s i b l e .

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Fig . 7 . P h o t o of Himalayan Mountains take n by H. Titov throughporthole of Vostok 11. Not ice pa r t of spacesh ip ' s an t enna .

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JPL A I / Tr a n s l a t i o n N o. 24

Fig . 8. I l l umina to r (pe r i s cope ) ' lVzo r l ' . Main pe r i s co pe in cab inof Vostok 11. A r r o w s indica te f l ight d i rec t ion .

Not ice c loud format ion . Photo taken byH. Titov during f l ight .

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JP L A I / Tr a n s l a t i o n No. 24

Fig. 9. This drawing , which rep re se nt s the f l igh t ofVostok I with Y ur i Gagar in ab oard , w a s m a d e byCosmonaut 111, the next in l ine Sovie t cosmonaut

to a t t emp t a cos mic f light . The background isbased on photos taken by Herman Ti tov du r ing

of September 1 7 , 1961.his f l igh t . Th i s d r awing appea red i n P rav da

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JP L AI/Trans l a t ion No. 24

+cd

HH

A0

m+

cw0

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The Flight of Vostok II

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